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Development And Application Of A Two Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model For Riverine Floodplain Environments
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Book Synopsis Development and Application of a Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Model for Riverine Floodplain Environments by : Stephen Wayne Andrews
Download or read book Development and Application of a Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Model for Riverine Floodplain Environments written by Stephen Wayne Andrews and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Flow Regimes and Landscapes Together by : Alison Agnew Whipple
Download or read book Managing Flow Regimes and Landscapes Together written by Alison Agnew Whipple and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Riverine landscapes are shaped by dynamic and complex interactions between streamflow and floodplain landforms, and these physical processes drive productive and diverse freshwater ecosystems. However, human activities have fundamentally altered river-floodplain processes and degraded ecosystems. Flow regime variability has been homogenized and floodplains disconnected from rivers due to dams, diversions, levee building, and land use change. Reconciling competing demands to support ecosystems and resilience to future change is a core scientific and management challenge. This dissertation describes spatiotemporal dynamics of floodplain environments, introducing a method for flood regime classification and establishing a methodological approach for hydrospatial analysis to quantify and evaluate the response of floodplain inundation patterns and related physical habitat to restoration and flow regime change under climate change. It is motivated by the need to develop process-based and landscape-scale strategies to better manage flow regimes and landscapes together, such as coordinated levee-removal floodplain restoration and environmental flow allocations. River restoration literature is synthesized herein to examine trajectories from form-based to process-based approaches, recognize that highly modified large rivers may require coordinated physical habitat restoration and environmental flows implementation, and suggest opportunities for improved integration of restoration strategies. A river’s flood regime drives a variety of different physical and ecological functions. Characterizing different floods of a flood regime informs understanding of climate and watershed processes and the management of natural floodplain dynamics. Following cluster analysis approaches used in flow regime classification, a flood regime typology was developed for the Cosumnes River, the only major unregulated river of the west slope Sierra Nevada, California, USA. A primary contribution of this study is the establishment of flood regime classification that moves beyond typical flood frequency analysis to address a range of ecologically-relevant flood characteristics, including duration and timing. Rehabilitating freshwater ecosystems of highly modified rivers under a changing future requires improved understanding and quantification of land-water interactions. Despite ecological implications, quantification of spatiotemporal variability is rare, particularly for management applications. An approach for evaluating spatiotemporal floodplain inundation patterns, or the hydrospatial regime, is presented in several studies. Physical inundation characteristics and associated habitat were quantified in space and time, and responses to restoration and climate change induced flow scenarios were evaluated and compared. The multi-metric approach is demonstrated for a recent levee-removal restoration site along the lower Cosumnes River. The novel hydrospatial analytical approach developed and presented herein applies two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling and spatial analysis to quantitatively summarize, in space and time, a range of ecologically-relevant physical metrics relating to inundation extent, depth, velocity, frequency, duration, timing, rate of change, connectivity, and heterogeneity. Comparison of metrics before and after levee-removal restoration on the Cosumnes River floodplain showed that while inundation extent greatly increased with restoration, responses varied in space and time and were different for different metrics. Changes in metrics were most substantial at intermediate flood flows. Subsequently, habitat criteria for a native floodplain fish species, Sacramento splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus), were applied to the physical metrics. Findings suggest that restoration nearly doubled overall habitat availability, though benefits varied considerably in space and time. Flow-habitat relationships were nonlinear and not one-to-one, indicating habitat availability mediated by the physical complexity of the floodplain. Finally, floodplain responses to climate change induced streamflow scenarios were compared and the relative impacts of levee-removal restoration across the scenarios were evaluated. Results reflected the balance of increasing extreme winter flooding and declining spring flooding under future climate change scenarios. Magnitude and direction of change depended on the climate change scenario and metric. Levee removal had the general effect of dampening climate change impacts, though the relative impacts of climate change scenarios were greater than that of restoration in some cases. This body of work presents a new methodology to analyze flow-landscape interactions, and in turn contributes to understanding of flow-ecology relationships, susceptibility to anthropogenic change, and improvements to water and land management. Several broad implications emerge from this research. It demonstrates the capacity of a riverine landscape to serve different functions at different times and supports improved management toward variable conditions. Another contribution is advancing the use of hydraulic metrics over hydrologic metrics for better connections between physical processes and ecological functions. Further, the approach allows for ecologically-relevant criteria that are spatially and temporally dependent to be evaluated explicitly (e.g., duration, connectivity, temporal sequence of flood events). Findings show that, for habitat evaluation within complex floodplain environments, habitat availability is not likely to be a simple function of flow. Floodplain hydrospatial regime responses to climate change will be mediated by flow-landscape interactions, with the potential for physical restoration activities to mitigate impacts of climate change. Despite highly modified physical processes, climate change, and freshwater diversity and productivity declines globally, there is great capacity to better balance human and ecosystem requirements. This dissertation expands scientific understanding of and informs management toward dynamic and heterogeneous riverine landscapes that support functional and resilient ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Two-dimensional Floodplain Modeling by : D. Michael Gee
Download or read book Two-dimensional Floodplain Modeling written by D. Michael Gee and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two-dimensional horizontal finite element numerical model (RMA-2) was applied to a 15 mile (24 km) river channel-floodplain reach in West Germany. Previous applications of such models have been restricted to much smaller scales. The results indicate that finite element schemes may successfully estimate river stage in large scale floodplain applications. Computed stage hydrographs compared well with observed data using loss coefficients within expected ranges. Two-dimensional flow models have been applied to certain classes of river channel problems. Applications have included detailed analyses of flow patterns near structures such as bridges and floodplains. In all these problems the scale of interest has been small, e.g. reaches of river a few river widths long. Many estuary studies have been done that were of large scale; some of these utilized a hybrid (numerical plus physical) modeling technique. In a review of the application of finite element methods to river channels, Samuels reported that the river channel was resolved separately from the floodplain in only two studies. Missing in previous work is attention to large scale floodplain modeling. The work reported in this paper focuses on the feasibility and accuracy of applying a two-dimensional flow model to a large floodplain. Traditional floodplain studies have used semi-empirical flow routing with steady, one-dimensional computation of water surface elevations to define inundated areas. Keywords: Army Corps of Engines. (kr).
Book Synopsis Development of a Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tidal Portion of Lower Rio Grande River, Texas by : Bijay Bokhim
Download or read book Development of a Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of the Tidal Portion of Lower Rio Grande River, Texas written by Bijay Bokhim and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Application of the One-D Hydrodynamic Model for Flood Routing on the Red River by : Canada. Environment Canada
Download or read book Application of the One-D Hydrodynamic Model for Flood Routing on the Red River written by Canada. Environment Canada and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatise on Geomorphology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 6392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changing focus and approach of geomorphic research suggests that the time is opportune for a summary of the state of discipline. The number of peer-reviewed papers published in geomorphic journals has grown steadily for more than two decades and, more importantly, the diversity of authors with respect to geographic location and disciplinary background (geography, geology, ecology, civil engineering, computer science, geographic information science, and others) has expanded dramatically. As more good minds are drawn to geomorphology, and the breadth of the peer-reviewed literature grows, an effective summary of contemporary geomorphic knowledge becomes increasingly difficult. The fourteen volumes of this Treatise on Geomorphology will provide an important reference for users from undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. Information on the historical development of diverse topics within geomorphology provides context for ongoing research; discussion of research strategies, equipment, and field methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations reflect the multiple approaches to understanding Earth’s surfaces; and summaries of outstanding research questions highlight future challenges and suggest productive new avenues for research. Our future ability to adapt to geomorphic changes in the critical zone very much hinges upon how well landform scientists comprehend the dynamics of Earth’s diverse surfaces. This Treatise on Geomorphology provides a useful synthesis of the state of the discipline, as well as highlighting productive research directions, that Educators and students/researchers will find useful. Geomorphology has advanced greatly in the last 10 years to become a very interdisciplinary field. Undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic will find the answers they need in this broad reference work which has been designed and written to accommodate their diverse backgrounds and levels of understanding Editor-in-Chief, Prof. J. F. Shroder of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, is past president of the QG&G section of the Geological Society of America and present Trustee of the GSA Foundation, while being well respected in the geomorphology research community and having won numerous awards in the field. A host of noted international geomorphologists have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to the work. Readers can be guaranteed that every chapter in this extensive work has been critically reviewed for consistency and accuracy by the World expert Volume Editors and by the Editor-in-Chief himself No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume masterpiece. From the foundations and history of geomorphology through to geomorphological innovations and computer modelling, and the past and future states of landform science, no "stone" has been left unturned!
Book Synopsis Use of a Two-dimensional Flow Model to Quantify Aquatic Habitat by : D. Michael Gee
Download or read book Use of a Two-dimensional Flow Model to Quantify Aquatic Habitat written by D. Michael Gee and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the impacts of potential hydropower retrofits on downstream flow distributions at Lock and Dam No. 8 on the upper Mississippi River. The model used solves the complete Reynolds equations for two-dimensional free-surface flow in the horizontal plane using a finite element solution scheme. RMA-2 has been in continuing use and development at the Hydrologic Engineering Center and elsewhere for the past decade. Although designed primarily for the simulation of hydraulic conditions, RMA-2 may be used in conjunction with related numerical models to simulate sediment transport and water quality. In this study, velocity distributions were evaluated with regard to environmental, navigational and small-boat safety considerations. Aquatic habitat was defined by depth, substrate type and current velocity. Habitat types were quantified by measuring the areas between calculated contours of velocity magnitude (isotachs) for existing and project conditions. The capability for computing and displaying isotachs for the depth-average velocity, velocity one foot from the bottom and near the water surface was developed for this study. The product of this study effort is an application of the RMA-2 model that allows prediction of structural aquatic habitat in hydraulicaly complex locations. Elements of the instream flow group methodology could be incorporated to provide detailed predictions of impacts to habitat quality. Calibration of the numerical model to field measurements of velocity magnitude and direction is also described.
Book Synopsis A Novel Framework for Uncertainty Propagation in River Systems Based on Performance Graphs Using Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Modeling by : Christopher H. Gifford-Miears
Download or read book A Novel Framework for Uncertainty Propagation in River Systems Based on Performance Graphs Using Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Modeling written by Christopher H. Gifford-Miears and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a novel approach for propagation of uncertainty in river systems. Errors in data observations and predictions (e.g., stream inflows), in model parameters, and resulting from the discretization of continuous systems, all point to the need to accurately quantify the amount of uncertainty carried through the modeling process. In the proposed framework, stochastic processes are incorporated directly into the physical description of the system (e.g., river flow dynamics) with the goal of better modeling uncertainties (both aleatoric and epistemic) and hence, reducing the ranges of the confidence intervals on quantities of interest. We represent uncertainty in stream inflows via an error term modeled as a stochastic process. Stochastic collocation is then used to discretize random space. This non-intrusive approach is both more efficient than Monte-Carlo methods and is as flexible in its application. The flow dynamics are simulated efficiently using the performance graphs approach implemented in the OSU Rivers model. For one-dimensional unsteady flow routing, the performance graph (PG) approach has been shown to be accurate, numerically efficient, and robust. The Hydraulic Performance Graph (HPG) of a channel reach graphically summarizes the dynamic relation between the flow through and the stages at the ends of the reach under gradually varied flow (GVF) conditions, while the Volumetric Performance Graph (VPG) summarizes the corresponding storage. The hydraulic routing for the entire system consists of dividing the river system into reaches and pre-computing the hydraulics for each of these reaches independently using a steady flow model. Then, a non-linear system of equations is solved that is assembled based on information summarized in the systems' performance graphs, the reach-wise equation of conservation of mass, continuity and water stage compatibility conditions at the union of reaches (nodes), and the system boundary conditions. For complex flows in river systems such as when there is flow over floodplains, the dynamic relation between water stages and flow in a river reach is best represented by depth averaged two-dimensional hydrodynamic models. The applicability of two-dimensional flow modeling for the construction of PGs for unsteady flow routing in complex river networks is explored. To illustrate application of the uncertainty propagation framework and PGs derived from two-dimensional flow models, a test case is presented that examines uncertainty quantification and flood routing through a complex section of the Fraser River in British Columbia.
Book Synopsis Application of Two-dimensional Hydraulic Modeling in Riverine Systems Using HEC-RAS by : Abdulaziz Saeed Alzahrani
Download or read book Application of Two-dimensional Hydraulic Modeling in Riverine Systems Using HEC-RAS written by Abdulaziz Saeed Alzahrani and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood simulation models have a wide variety of approaches that are available to compute the water surface elevations associated with a flood event. Some of these models use a One-dimensional (1D) approach, others use a Two-dimensional (2D), and there are others allow the use of integrated 1D and 2D simulations. In 2015, the US Army Corps of Engineering Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) released HEC-RAS Version 5.0.3 which performs 1D steady and unsteady flow calculation, as well as 2D unsteady flow calculation. 2D modeling is likely to become more common due to HEC-RAS. This paper is the comparison of 1D and 2D models for a water level in the channel and the floodplain inundation. Two treatments of the problem are explored: (1) a 1D model based upon discretization of floodplain units into storage areas; (2) a 2D model for a channel and a floodplain surface. The two models were tested on the Great Miami River and Bear Creek. The models were assessed by comparison with measured inundation extent. Also, the study reviews the academic basis for modeling floodplain flow based on a two-dimensional analysis. The goal of the proposed research effort will be to include the application of 2D unsteady-state models in future releases of the HEC-RAS 2D model.
Book Synopsis A Comparison Study of One- and Two-dimensional Hydraulic Models for River Environments by : Evan C. Deal
Download or read book A Comparison Study of One- and Two-dimensional Hydraulic Models for River Environments written by Evan C. Deal and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer models are used every day to analyze river systems for a wide variety of reasons vital to the public interest. For decades most hydraulic engineers have been limited to models that simplify the fluid mechanics to the unidirectional case. With the advent of higher quality data and greater computational power, two-dimensional hydrodynamic models have become practical for widespread use. Two such models are considered in this report: HEC-RAS v.5.0, v.5.0.1, and v.5.0.3, and SRH-2D v.3.0. These two-dimensional models were compared to the most common one-dimensional model (HEC-RAS). While the latest version of HEC-RAS is capable of both one- and two-dimensional analyses, previous versions were restricted to one-dimensional flow. Findings in this report include: differences in the flow divisions for multiple opening bridges for all three models, less subjectivity in the construction of the 2D models than for the 1D, differences in the sensitivity of each 2D model to the Manning's roughness coefficient, great similarity in the expansion and contraction rates at bridges for the 2D models when using the full momentum equations with HEC-RAS 2D, differences in the response of the two-dimensional models at steady state conditions to vortex shedding through bridge openings with cylindrical piers, shorter computation times for HEC-RAS 2D than SRH-2D using highly comparable model setups, and in general, higher depths predicted by SRH-2D than HEC-RAS 1D but the highest depths overall predicted by the HEC-RAS 2D full momentum model.
Book Synopsis Flood Estimation Handbook by : Alice Robson
Download or read book Flood Estimation Handbook written by Alice Robson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Marine Environmental Engineering by :
Download or read book Journal of Marine Environmental Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Fluid Mechanics VI by : Matiur Rahman
Download or read book Advances in Fluid Mechanics VI written by Matiur Rahman and published by Wit Transactions on Engineerin. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the latest developments in this field, this text features edited versions of papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on Advances in Fluid Mechanics.
Book Synopsis Salinity Characteristics of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries by :
Download or read book Salinity Characteristics of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Space Borne Hydrodynamic Model Development by : Mehedi Maswood
Download or read book Space Borne Hydrodynamic Model Development written by Mehedi Maswood and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: River modeling is an important component of flood forecasting system that can simulate the water flow dynamics of a stream network and forecast river levels in flood prone regions. Around the world, especially in the developing regions, many large river basins are mostly ungauged. For these basins river model setup is very challenging due to lack of necessary in-situ and routine measurement of river bathymetry, flood plain and river boundary data. Moreover, lack of data sharing among the countries occupying the trans-boundary rivers, also a hurdle to river model development. For such basins, proxy approaches depending on the satellite based remotely sensed data could be an alternative solution. In this study, one dimensional hydrodynamic model has been developed for the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna basin region using the Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). Only 7% of the total basin area has good quality in-situ measurement of river hydraulics. For the remaining part, remotely sensed data have been utilized for river model development. This study utilized: a) LANDSAT/MODIS for identifying flow path of river network, b) Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) for extracting river profile c) Radar altimeter for establishing depth-width relationship and d) Precipitation data to generate sub basin wise flow data. Simulated model results have been tested at two downstream low lying locations. The outcome of the study showed significant improvement of root mean square error (RMSE) for river level simulation from 3.0m to 1.0m. A step by step `rule book' has been documented to facilitate the setting up river models for similar type basins around the world for operational water agencies.
Download or read book River Flow 2020 written by Wim Uijttewaal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 2459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rivers form one of the lifelines in our society by providing essential services such as availability of fresh water, navigation, energy, ecosystem services, and flood conveyance. Because of this essential role, mankind has interfered continuously in order to benefit most and at the same time avoid adverse consequences such as flood risk and droughts. This has resulted in often highly engineered rivers with a narrow set of functions. In the last decades rivers are increasingly considered in a more holistic manner as a system with a multitude of interdependent processes. River research and engineering has therefore added to the river fundamentals also themes like ecohydraulics, consequences of climate change, and urbanisation. River Flow 2020 contains the contributions presented at the 10th conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, River Flow 2020, organised under the auspices of the Committee on Fluvial Hydraulics of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). What should have been a lively physical gathering of researchers, students and practitioners, was converted into an online event as the COVID-19 pandemic hindered international travelling and large gatherings of people. Nevertheless, the fluvial hydraulics community showed their interest and to be very much alive with a high number of participations for such event. Since its first edition in 2002, in Louvain-la-Neuve, this series of conferences has found a large and loyal audience in the river research and engineering community while being also attractive to the new researchers and young professionals. This is highlighted by the large number of contributions applying for the Coleman award for young researchers, and also by the number of applications and attendants to the Master Classes which are aimed at young researchers and students. River Flow 2020 aims to provide an updated overview of the ongoing research in this wide range of topics, and contains five major themes which are focus of research in the fluvial environment: river fundamentals, the digital river, the healthy river, extreme events and rivers under pressure. Other highlights of River Flow 2020 include the substantial number of interdisciplinary subthemes and sessions of special interest. The contributions will therefore be of interest to academics in hydraulics, hydrology and environmental engineering as well as practitioners that would like to be updated about the newest findings and hot themes in river research and engineering.
Book Synopsis Advances in Hydroinformatics—SimHydro 2023 Volume 1 by : Philippe Gourbesville
Download or read book Advances in Hydroinformatics—SimHydro 2023 Volume 1 written by Philippe Gourbesville and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
