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Development And Analysis Of A Small Satellite Attitude Determination And Control System Testbed
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Book Synopsis Development and Analysis of a Small Satellite Attitude Determination and Control System Testbed by : Corey Whitcomb Crowell
Download or read book Development and Analysis of a Small Satellite Attitude Determination and Control System Testbed written by Corey Whitcomb Crowell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attitude Determination and Control Systems (ADCS) are critical to the operation of satellites that require attitude knowledge and/or attitude control to achieve mission success. Furthermore, ADCS systems only operate as designed in the reduced friction, micro-gravity environment of space. Simulating these characteristics of space in a laboratory environment in order to test individual ADCS components and integrated ADCS systems is an important but challenging step in verifying and validating a satellite's ADCS design. The purpose of this thesis is to design and develop an ADCS testbed capable of simulating the reduced fiction, micro-gravity environment of space within the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Space Systems Laboratory. The ADCS testbed is based on a tabletop style, three degree of freedom, rotational air bearing, which uses four reaction wheels for attitude control and a series of sensors for attitude determination. The testbed includes all the equipment necessary to allow for closed loop testing of individual ADCS components and integrated ADCS systems in the simulated inertial environment of space. In addition to the physical ADCS testbed, a MATLAB Simulink based model of the ADCS testbed is developed to predict the performance of hardware components and software algorithms before the components and algorithms are integrated into the ADCS testbed. The final objective of this thesis is to validate the operation of the ADCS testbed and simulation to prepare the tool for use by satellite design teams.
Book Synopsis A flexible attitude control system for three-axis stabilized nanosatellites by : Gordon, Karsten
Download or read book A flexible attitude control system for three-axis stabilized nanosatellites written by Gordon, Karsten and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates a new concept for the flexible design and verification of an ADCS for a nanosatellite platform. In order to investigate guidelines for the design of a flexible ADCS, observations of the satellite market and missions are recorded. Following these observations, the author formulates design criteria which serve as a reference for the conceptual design of the flexible ADCS. The research of the thesis was carried out during the development of TU Berlin's nanosatellite platform TUBiX20 and its first two missions, TechnoSat and TUBIN. TUBiX20 targets modularity, reuse and dependability as main design goals. Based on the analysis of design criteria for a flexible ADCS, these key design considerations for the TUBiX20 platform were continued for the investigations carried out in this thesis. The resulting concept implements the ADCS as a distributed system of devices complemented by a hardware-independent core application for state determination and control. Drawing on the technique of component-based software engineering, the system is partitioned into self-contained modules which implement unified interfaces. These interfaces specify the state quantity of an input or output but also its unit and coordinate system, complemented by a mathematical symbol for unambiguous documentation. The design and verification process for the TUBiX20 ADCS was also elaborated during the course of this research. The approach targets the gradual development of the subsystem from a purely virtual satellite within a closed-loop simulation to the verification of the fully integrated system on an air-bearing testbed. Finally, the concurrent realization of the investigated concept within the TechnoSat and TUBIN missions is discussed. Starting with the individual ADCS requirements, the scalability of the approach is demonstrated in three stages: from a coarse, but cost- and energy-efficient configuration to realize a technology demonstration mission with moderate requirements (TechnoSat) to a high-performance configuration to support Earth observation missions (TUBIN). Diese Dissertation untersucht ein neues Konzept zur flexiblen Entwicklung und Verifikation eines Lageregelungssystems für eine Nanosatellitenplattform. Als Grundlage für die Erarbeitung eines Leitfadens für die Entwicklung werden zunächst Beobachtung des Satellitenmarkts sowie konkreter Missionen zusammengetragen. Darauf aufbauend formuliert der Autor Entwurfskriterien für die Konzipierung eines flexiblen Lageregelungssystems. Die Dissertation wurde im Rahmen der Entwicklung der TUBiX20 Nanosatellitenplattform und ihrer ersten beiden Missionen, TechnoSat und TUBIN, an der TU Berlin durchgeführt. TUBiX20 verfolgt Modularität, Wiederverwendung und Zuverlässigkeit als Entwicklungsziele. Diese werden unter der Verwendung der vom Autor hergeleiteten Entwurfskriterien in dieser Arbeit im Kontext des Lageregelungssystems verfeinert. Das resultierende Konzept setzt dieses als verteiltes System von Geräten und einem hardware-unabhängigen Software-Kern um. Der Software-Entwurfstechnik Component-based software engineering folgend ist das System in unabhängige Module unterteilt, welche wiederum einheitliche Schnittstellen implementieren. Diese Schnittstellen spezifizieren die Zustandsgrößen für die Ein- und Ausgänge der Module inklusive Einheit, Koordinatensystem und mathematischem Symbol für eine eindeutige Darstellung. Der Entwurfs- und Verifikationsprozess für das TUBiX20 Lageregelungssystem wurde vom Autor im Rahmen der Arbeit untersucht. Hier verfolgt der Ansatz einen schrittweisen übergang von einem virtuellen Satelliten als Simulationsmodell bis hin zur Verifikation des integrierten Systems auf einem Lageregelungsteststand. Abschließend diskutiert die Arbeit die Realisierung des untersuchten Konzepts im Rahmen der Missionen TechnoSat und TUBIN. Beginnend mit den jeweiligen Anforderungen wird die Skalierbarkeit des Ansatzes in drei Stufen demonstriert: von einer groben, aber kosten- und energieeffizienten Konfiguration für eine Technologieerprobungsmission mit moderaten Anforderungen (TechnoSat) bis hin zu einer Konfiguration für hochgenaue Lageregelung als Basis für Erdbeobachtungsmissionen (TUBIN).
Book Synopsis Simulation of Small Satellite Performance Using Improved Attitude Determination and Control Hardware by : Ki Hwan Keum
Download or read book Simulation of Small Satellite Performance Using Improved Attitude Determination and Control Hardware written by Ki Hwan Keum and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research, the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of a small satellite is examined through a series of simulation analysis using MATLAB and Simulink. The attitude determination component involves a sub-pixel interpolated digital sun sensor that is examined through day-in-the-life analysis while the attitude control component involves a single gimbal control moment gyroscope (SGCMG) pyramid cluster examined using torque profiles of two coastline observation scenarios. Results show that the digital sun sensor improves determination capabilities up to sensor accuracy of 0.027 degrees with diminishing returns thereafter. The SGCMG pyramid cluster meets the requested torque profiles with less than 0.3 degrees of pointing error throughout the sweep. The impact of sensors on attitude determination and viability of the SGCMG cluster over reaction wheels provide a promising alternative for ACS design for small satellites where control accuracy and agility have been limited by existing attitude sensors and actuators.
Book Synopsis ADCS - Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control by : Michael Paluszek
Download or read book ADCS - Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control written by Michael Paluszek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADCS - Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control provides a complete introduction to spacecraft control. The book covers all elements of attitude control system design, including kinematics, dynamics, orbits, disturbances, actuators, sensors, and mission operations. Essential hardware details are provided for star cameras, reaction wheels, sun sensors, and other key components. The book explores how to design a control system for a spacecraft, control theory, and actuator and sensor details. Examples are drawn from the author’s 40 years of industrial experience with spacecraft such as GGS, GPS IIR, Mars Observer, and commercial communications satellites, and includes historical background and real-life examples. Features critical details on hardware and the space environment Combines theory and ready-to-implement practical algorithms Includes MATLAB code for all examples Provides plots and figures generated with the included code
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control by : F. Landis Markley
Download or read book Fundamentals of Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control written by F. Landis Markley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-31 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores topics that are central to the field of spacecraft attitude determination and control. The authors provide rigorous theoretical derivations of significant algorithms accompanied by a generous amount of qualitative discussions of the subject matter. The book documents the development of the important concepts and methods in a manner accessible to practicing engineers, graduate-level engineering students and applied mathematicians. It includes detailed examples from actual mission designs to help ease the transition from theory to practice and also provides prototype algorithms that are readily available on the author’s website. Subject matter includes both theoretical derivations and practical implementation of spacecraft attitude determination and control systems. It provides detailed derivations for attitude kinematics and dynamics and provides detailed description of the most widely used attitude parameterization, the quaternion. This title also provides a thorough treatise of attitude dynamics including Jacobian elliptical functions. It is the first known book to provide detailed derivations and explanations of state attitude determination and gives readers real-world examples from actual working spacecraft missions. The subject matter is chosen to fill the void of existing textbooks and treatises, especially in state and dynamics attitude determination. MATLAB code of all examples will be provided through an external website.
Book Synopsis Design and Global Analysis of Spacecraft Attitude Control Systems by : George Meyer
Download or read book Design and Global Analysis of Spacecraft Attitude Control Systems written by George Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Attitude Determination and Control Hardware Development for Small Satellites by : Marc Fournier
Download or read book Attitude Determination and Control Hardware Development for Small Satellites written by Marc Fournier and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a small spacecraft attitude determination and control subsystem is described. This subsystem is part of The Space Flight Laboratory's Generic Nanosatellite Bus. With a 20cm3 body, the bus has an attitude determination and control subsystem capable of full three-axis stabilization and control enabling more advanced missions previously only possible with bulkier and more power-consuming attitude control hardware. Specific contributions to the Space Flight Lab's attitude control hardware are emphasised. Particularly, the full development of a 32g three-axis nanosatellite rate sensing unit is described. This includes embedded software development, skew calibration, hardware modeling and qualification testing for the unit. Development work on a three-axis boom-mounted magnetometer is also detailed. A full hardware design is also described for a new microsatellite-sized rate sensor. Larger and more powerful than the nanosatellite rate sensors, the design ensures a low noise, low drift architecture to improve attitude determination on future microsatellite missions.
Book Synopsis Fault Tolerant Attitude Estimation for Small Satellites by : Chingiz Hajiyev
Download or read book Fault Tolerant Attitude Estimation for Small Satellites written by Chingiz Hajiyev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small satellites use commercial off-the-shelf sensors and actuators for attitude determination and control (ADC) to reduce the cost. These sensors and actuators are usually not as robust as the available, more expensive, space-proven equipment. As a result, the ADC system of small satellites is more vulnerable to any fault compared to a system for larger competitors. This book aims to present useful solutions for fault tolerance in ADC systems of small satellites. The contents of the book can be divided into two categories: fault tolerant attitude filtering algorithms for small satellites and sensor calibration methods to compensate the sensor errors. MATLAB® will be used to demonstrate simulations. Presents fault tolerant attitude estimation algorithms for small satellites with an emphasis on algorithms’ practicability and applicability Incorporates fundamental knowledge about the attitude determination methods at large Discusses comprehensive information about attitude sensors for small satellites Reviews calibration algorithms for small satellite magnetometers with simulated examples Supports theory with MATLAB simulation results which can be easily understood by individuals without a comprehensive background in this field Covers up-to-date discussions for small satellite attitude systems design Dr. Chingiz Hajiyev is a professor at the Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Istanbul Technical University (Istanbul, Turkey). Dr. Halil Ersin Soken is an assistant professor at the Aerospace Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University (Ankara, Turkey).
Book Synopsis High-precision Pointing and Attitude Estimation and Control Algorithms for Hardware-constrained Spacecraft by : Christopher Masaru Pong
Download or read book High-precision Pointing and Attitude Estimation and Control Algorithms for Hardware-constrained Spacecraft written by Christopher Masaru Pong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching objective of this thesis is to develop algorithms for high-precision pointing and attitude estimation and control on hardware-constrained spacecraft. This includes small spacecraft, where tight mass, volume, power, and cost constraints exist, as well as spacecraft where certain hardware has failed. As a case study, the attitude determination and control subsystem (ADCS) for ExoplanetSat will be designed. ExoplanetSat is a three-unit CubeSat (10 x 10 x 34 cm, ~ 4 kg) designed to detect exoplanets around bright Sun-like stars via the transit method. To achieve the photometric precision necessary to detect Earth-sized exoplanets, a pointing precision on the arcsecond level must be achieved. This is an unprecedented level of pointing precision on a spacecraft of this size that will be accomplished through a two-stage control system: reaction wheels for coarse attitude control and a piezo stage for fine pointing control. A linear analysis developed using stochastic linearization techniques is used to analyze the various contributions to pointing error, allowing software improvements to be made, which decrease pointing error by as much as 50%. Simulations show that a pointing precision of 2.3 arcsec (3[sigma]) can be achieved, which is two to four orders of magnitude beyond the current capability of other comparable spacecraft. In addition to performing high-precision pointing, the spacecraft must perform many other ADCS modes. These modes are complicated due to the lack of certain hardware, specifically gyros and coarse Sun sensors covering the entire sky. To deturrble the spacecraft after initial deployment, a novel control algorithm is proposed that will simultaneously detumuble the spacecraft while avoiding angular rate observability singularities, allowing the rate to be properly estimated with a magnetometer alone throughout the detumnbling process. This is done by regulating the amount of kinetic energy in the system relative to the decreasing momentum, which excites nutation in the spacecraft and maintains a full-rank nonlinear observability matrix. To search for the Sun, a guidance and control law is developed that efficiently searches the sky while navigating based on the body magnetic field direction alone and again avoiding observability singularities. During the slews between orbit day and night, the star camera is the main sensor. To dramatically reduce the image processing time, a method of tracking stars with small windows will be developed. To support this star camera mode, a new and efficient window generation technique is developed to find new stars to track as stars fall out of the field of view of the star camera during the slew. While these algorithms will be designed with ExoplanetSat in mind, they can easily be applied to other spacecraft with similar hardware. Finally, a three-degree-of-freedom air bearing testbed was developed to test some of these algorithms on flight-equivalent hardware in a representative environment. Testbed results show the ability to initialize the star camera and operate it in a fast windowed mode, use the reaction wheels to slew to a target attitude, and achieve 12 arcsec (3[sigma]) pointing with the reaction wheels and piezo stage. The simulation, modified to match the environment and parameters of the testbed, correctly predicted the testbed results within 10%, verifying the simulation and increasing confidence in the on-orbit simulation predictions. This successful hardware demonstration increases the technology readiness level (TRL) of this pointing control system to TRL 6.
Book Synopsis Attitude Determination for Small Satellites Using Gps Signal-to-noise Ratio by : Daniel Peters
Download or read book Attitude Determination for Small Satellites Using Gps Signal-to-noise Ratio written by Daniel Peters and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An embedded system for GPS-based attitude determination (AD) using signal-to-noise (SNR) measurements was developed for CubeSat applications. The design serves as an evaluation testbed for conducting ground based experiments using various computational methods and antenna types to determine the optimum AD accuracy. Raw GPS data is also stored to non-volatile memory for downloading and post analysis. Two low-power microcontrollers are used for processing and to display information on a graphic screen for real-time performance evaluations. A new parallel inter-processor communication protocol was developed that is faster and uses less power than existing standard protocols. A shorted annular patch (SAP) antenna was fabricated for the initial ground-based AD experiments with the testbed. Static AD estimations with RMS errors in the range of 2.5o to 4.8o were achieved over a range of off-zenith attitudes.
Book Synopsis Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control by : J.R. Wertz
Download or read book Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control written by J.R. Wertz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roger D. Werking Head, Attitude Determination and Control Section National Aeronautics and Space Administration/ Goddard Space Flight Center Extensiye work has been done for many years in the areas of attitude determination, attitude prediction, and attitude control. During this time, it has been difficult to obtain reference material that provided a comprehensive overview of attitude support activities. This lack of reference material has made it difficult for those not intimately involved in attitude functions to become acquainted with the ideas and activities which are essential to understanding the various aspects of spacecraft attitude support. As a result, I felt the need for a document which could be used by a variety of persons to obtain an understanding of the work which has been done in support of spacecraft attitude objectives. It is believed that this book, prepared by the Computer Sciences Corporation under the able direction of Dr. James Wertz, provides this type of reference. This book can serve as a reference for individuals involved in mission planning, attitude determination, and attitude dynamics; an introductory textbook for stu dents and professionals starting in this field; an information source for experimen ters or others involved in spacecraft-related work who need information on spacecraft orientation and how it is determined, but who have neither the time nor the resources to pursue the varied literature on this subject; and a tool for encouraging those who could expand this discipline to do so, because much remains to be done to satisfy future needs.
Book Synopsis Spacecraft Modeling, Attitude Determination, and Control by : Yaguang Yang
Download or read book Spacecraft Modeling, Attitude Determination, and Control written by Yaguang Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses all spacecraft attitude control-related topics: spacecraft (including attitude measurements, actuator, and disturbance torques), modeling, spacecraft attitude determination and estimation, and spacecraft attitude controls. Unlike other books addressing these topics, this book focuses on quaternion-based methods because of its many merits. The book lays a brief, but necessary background on rotation sequence representations and frequently used reference frames that form the foundation of spacecraft attitude description. It then discusses the fundamentals of attitude determination using vector measurements, various efficient (including very recently developed) attitude determination algorithms, and the instruments and methods of popular vector measurements. With available attitude measurements, attitude control designs for inertial point and nadir pointing are presented in terms of required torques which are independent of actuators in use. Given the required control torques, some actuators are not able to generate the accurate control torques, therefore, spacecraft attitude control design methods with achievable torques for these actuators (for example, magnetic torque bars and control moment gyros) are provided. Some rigorous controllability results are provided. The book also includes attitude control in some special maneuvers, such as orbital-raising, docking and rendezvous, that are normally not discussed in similar books. Almost all design methods are based on state-spaced modern control approaches, such as linear quadratic optimal control, robust pole assignment control, model predictive control, and gain scheduling control. Applications of these methods to spacecraft attitude control problems are provided. Appendices are provided for readers who are not familiar with these topics.
Book Synopsis Commercial Satellite Launch Vehicle Attitude Control Systems Design and Analysis (H-infinity, Loop Shaping, and Coprime Approach) by : Chong Hun Kim
Download or read book Commercial Satellite Launch Vehicle Attitude Control Systems Design and Analysis (H-infinity, Loop Shaping, and Coprime Approach) written by Chong Hun Kim and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2007 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for aerospace engineers who have completed their BS degree and are interested in the design and analysis of rocket attitude control systems. It introduces a new approach to the design, characterized by its robustness. Current LV attitude control systems are designed based on classical SISO control theory, and they lack robustness. The theory used here truly offers a technique that enables us to design control systems that are reasonably insensitive to math modeling errors and can withstand disturbances such as gust, and in addition it doesn’t need external states estimator, such as Kalman filtering. Extensive simulation results, which demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, are presented in this book. Basic rocket theory and a concept of H-infinity control system design technique are explained for those who are new in these fields of study.
Book Synopsis An Attitude Determination and Control System for Small Satellites by : Margaret Hoi Ting Tam
Download or read book An Attitude Determination and Control System for Small Satellites written by Margaret Hoi Ting Tam and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A flexible, robust attitude determination and control (ADC) system is presented for small satellite platforms. Using commercial-off-the-shelf sensors, reaction wheels, and magnetorquers which fit within the 3U CubeSat form factor, the system delivers arc-minute pointing precision. The ADC system includes a multiplicative extended Kalman filter for attitude determination and a slew rate controller that acquires a view of the Sun for navigation purposes. A pointing system is developed that includes a choice of two pointing controllers -- a proportional derivative controller and a nonlinear sliding mode controller. This system can reorient the spacecraft to satisfy a variety of mission objectives, but it does not enforce attitude constraints. A constrained attitude guidance system that can enforce an arbitrary set of attitude constraints is then proposed as an improvement upon the unconstrained pointing system. The momentum stored by the reaction wheels is managed using magnetorquers to prevent wheel saturation. The system was thoroughly tested in realistic software- and hardware-in-the-loop simulations that included environmental disturbances, parameter uncertainty, actuator dynamics, and sensor bias and noise.
Book Synopsis Attitude Stabilization for CubeSat by : Mohammed Chessab Mahdi
Download or read book Attitude Stabilization for CubeSat written by Mohammed Chessab Mahdi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-14 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores CubeSat technology, and develops a nonlinear mathematical model of a spacecraft with the assumption that the satellite is a rigid body. It places emphasis on the CubeSat subsystem, orbit dynamics and perturbations, the satellite attitude dynamic and modeling, and components of attitude determination and the control subsystem. The book focuses on the attitude stabilization methods of spacecraft, and presents gravity gradient stabilization, aerodynamic stabilization, and permanent magnets stabilization as passive stabilization methods, and spin stabilization and three axis stabilization as active stabilization methods. It also discusses the need to develop a control system design, and describes the design of three controller configurations, namely the Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller (PID), the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), and the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and how they can be used to design the attitude control of CubeSat three-axis stabilization. Furthermore, it presents the design of a suitable attitude stabilization system by combining gravity gradient stabilization with magnetic torquing, and the design of magnetic coils which can be added in order to improve the accuracy of attitude stabilization. The book then investigates, simulates, and compares possible controller configurations that can be used to control the currents of magnetic coils when magnetic coils behave as the actuator of the system.
Book Synopsis Recent Remote Sensing Sensor Applications by : Maged Marghany
Download or read book Recent Remote Sensing Sensor Applications written by Maged Marghany and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of remote sensing and its various applications. In remote sensing applications, various sensors that begin as both active and passive sensors are used. Active remote sensing transmits electromagnetic radiation that is both emitted and reflected, in contrast to passive remote sensing, which merely measures electromagnetic radiation that is reflected from the target. This book includes nine chapters that examine remote sensing for detecting ice, tracking and monitoring deforestation, identifying crop regions infected with disease, mineral and geological mapping, and much more.
Book Synopsis Attitude Determination and Control System Design and Implementation for a 6U CubeSat Proximity Operations Mission by : Francisco J. Franquiz
Download or read book Attitude Determination and Control System Design and Implementation for a 6U CubeSat Proximity Operations Mission written by Francisco J. Franquiz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work is to discuss the attitude determination and control system (ADCS) design process and implementation for a 12 kg, 6U (36.6 cm x 23.9 cm x 27.97 cm) CubeSat class nano-satellite. The design is based on the requirements and capabilities of the Application for Resident Space Object Proximity Analysis and IMAging (ARAPAIMA) proximity operations mission. The satellite is equipped with a cold gas propulsion system capable of exerting 2.5 mN m torques in both directions about each body axis. The attitude sensors include an angular rate gyro and star tracker (STR), supplemented by the payload optical array cameras. The dynamic simulation of the satellite includes extensive environmental models and analyses that show how the satellite attitude is affected by aerodynamic drag, solar radiation pressure, gravity gradient torques, and residual magnetic moments. A mechanical propellant slosh model and a reaction torque analysis of the deployable solar panel hinges approximate the internal dynamics of the satellite. A trade study is presented to justify the use of a reaction control thruster actuated system over the more traditional reaction wheel configuration. Both actuation systems are modeled to hardware specifications and their propellant and energy requirements are examined alongside pointing performance. Two methods of accounting for sensor noise and sampling rates are presented. The first is an extended Kalman filter based on the nonlinear model of a rate gyro coupled with quaternion attitude kinematics. The second presents a gyro-less angular rate observer capable of extrapolating STR measurements to the desired frequency. An additional method uses images from the payload cameras to perform [camera] frame centering maneuvers and to address the possibility of bias in the controller reference signal. Four different controllers are described to reflect the chronological progression of the ADCS design. The first controller, designed to perform long angle maneuvers and target tracking, utilizes fixed gain eigenaxis control. The same controller is then augmented with a parallel proportional-integral-derivative (PID) type control law using scheduled gains. This configuration is designed to switch between eigenaxis and PID control during imaging procedures to take advantage of the integral control introduced by the PID algorithm. To reduce system complexity, a modified eigenaxis control law, which incorporates scheduled integral control but does not require a switch to PID control, is introduced. A discrete time equivalent of the modified eigenaxis control law is also developed. Additionally, a brief description of a detumbling control law is presented. Each of the four control laws is paired and tested with the different feedback and estimation methods discussed. An extensive showcase of numerical simulation results outlines the pointing performance of each system configuration and evaluates their capabilities of meeting a 1 arcmin pointing requirement. A comparison of the different properties and performance of each control system configuration precedes the selection of the discrete modified eigenaxis control law as the best alternative.
