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Determining The Presence Of The Invasive Rusty Crayfish Faxonius Rusticus In Erie County Utilizing A Gis Model
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Book Synopsis Determining the Presence of the Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) in Erie County Utilizing a GIS Model by : Angela Laier
Download or read book Determining the Presence of the Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) in Erie County Utilizing a GIS Model written by Angela Laier and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) is an invasive species that has been found at Presque Isle State Park in Erie County, PA; however, in spite of their invasion success in Ohio and other neighboring Great Lakes watersheds, F. rusticus has not been reported in Erie County's tributary streams. Previous studies have shown that F. rusticus has destructive impacts upon the ecosystems that it invades and poses a significant threat to certain native species. Given the negative effects of F. rusticus invasion, the aim of this study was to investigate their extent in Erie's aquatic ecosystems and to predict which waterways might be most vulnerable to future introductions. Previous F. rusticus suitability models have focused on the large (country/state) scale, utilizing either bioclimatic variables or site characteristics as suitability factors. The objective of this study was to 1) generate a county-level Geographic Information System (GIS) model using ArcMap and R/Maxent which integrates the bioclimatic and site-specific environmental factor approaches; 2) conduct a suitability analysis to predict the presence or absence of F. rusticus in Erie County; and 3) to validate the GIS model by sampling lakes and streams within Erie County for the presence or absence of F. rusticus. Sixteen candidate sites were evaluated for water and habitat quality parameters and sampled by hand, kick net, and traps. The species, sex, and carapace length of each crayfish were recorded. A Maxent model was produced in R to assess the bioclimatic suitability of the candidate sites; bioclimatic suitability was then considered alongside water and habitat quality factors to produce an integrated model in ArcMap. It appears that the distribution of F. rusticus in Erie County is currently limited to Presque Isle State Park; however, the occurrence of habitat suitable to support other Faxonius crayfishes in a number of the county's waterways suggests that these areas may be vulnerable to F. rusticus invasion if additional introductions were to occur.
Book Synopsis Creating a Distribution Model of Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) in Michigan Streams Using Publically Accessible Data by : Robert C. Homan
Download or read book Creating a Distribution Model of Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) in Michigan Streams Using Publically Accessible Data written by Robert C. Homan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this thesis is to create a predictive model of habitat suitability for the invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) throughout the state of Michigan. F. rusticus often outcompete and extirpate native crayfish species, so understanding their habitats of success is instrumental in monitoring vulnerable ecosystems. Michigan State University and the Michigan DNR conducted extensive field surveys across 461 streams sites from 2014-2016. This project compares this field data set to data from publicly available national datasets with the purpose of revealing the ecosystems most vulnerable to the introduction of F. rusticus. The pattern of F. rusticus habitat at a local (100 acres) scale and landscape (1000 acres) scale are determined by comparing the current locations of the species in Michigan against a number of variables quantifying the physical geography of the locations that may affect the spread, growth and survivability of these crayfish. The presence of F. rusticus is also compared to the presence/absence of other species at each surveyed site. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model using variables from Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and National Land Cover Database (NLCD) datasets found 45 stream locations vulnerable to F. rusticus invasion. This model also determines the variables that have the greatest influence on the model at the center of this research.
Book Synopsis Understanding and Predicting the Leading Edge Dynamics of Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Orconectes Rusticus) in the John Day River by : Mathis Loïc Messager
Download or read book Understanding and Predicting the Leading Edge Dynamics of Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Orconectes Rusticus) in the John Day River written by Mathis Loïc Messager and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued ecological impacts of invasive species on freshwater ecosystems is one of the main challenges confronting ecologists and decision makers in conserving biodiversity and ecosystem function today. Efforts to prohibit the initial introduction of nonnative species are widely recognized to be the most cost-effective management and policy strategy. However, when aquatic invasive species become established and start spreading through the landscape, efforts to slow their proliferation remain severely limited by a lack of adequate forecasting tools and understanding of their secondary spread. My thesis aims to address these challenges by improving our understanding of and predicting the leading edge dynamics of the invasive rusty crayfish Orconectes rusticus (now Faxonius rusticus) in the John Day River (JDR) basin, a major tributary of the Columbia River in northeastern Oregon. In Chapter 1, I demonstrate the use of a spatially explicit individual-based model to recreate the invasion history of rusty crayfish in the JDR and forecast its future distribution. This study shows that controlling the spread of invasive species is possible even after their establishment, when control efforts can be effectively allocated, and that spatially explicit individual-based models can provide unique insight into the secondary spread of aquatic invasive species and concretely support decision makers in choosing optimal control strategies. Chapter 2 investigates whether phenotypic differences exist between rusty crayfish individuals at the boundary of their invasion range compared to their conspecifics closer to their initial location of introduction. I show that rusty crayfish in the JDR have developed less competitive morphology and better physiological condition as they spread towards the edge of their current invasion range and feed lower in the food web in invasion front populations than in core areas. By accounting for variations in temperature, primary productivity, and macroinvertebrate biomass throughout the invasion gradient of rusty crayfish, my research suggests that low conspecific densities and natural selection by spatial sorting are the primary drivers of these phenotypic changes, which suggests that these trends are likely to grow stronger over time as rusty crayfish keep spreading. Together, these chapters not only improve our understanding of the leading edge dynamics of aquatic invasive species such as rusty crayfish but also improve our ability to control their spread and reduce their impact on invaded ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Parasite Variability in the Invasive Crayfish, Faxonius Rusticus, in Northern New Jersey by : Nathan Martin Klunk
Download or read book Parasite Variability in the Invasive Crayfish, Faxonius Rusticus, in Northern New Jersey written by Nathan Martin Klunk and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Northeast United States has been thoroughly invaded by the well-known invasive crayfish species Faxonius rusticus (rusty crayfish). Similar to the exploration of man to new regions, the spread of invasive species can cause the introduction of new diseases and parasites while conversely the invader has to deal with the already existing diseases and parasites. For crayfish, the most notable of these is a fungal plague, which has a poorly understood distribution in the United States. In this study, I collected rusty crayfish in Northern New Jersey to better understand the locations where they exist in the state. I also dissected a sample of collected individuals to look for various parasites or signs of parasitism. My results suggest that rusty crayfish are more likely to experience parasitism while in a cobble substratum compared to a mud substratum. In addition, most observed signs were primary indicators of the fungal plague. Although rusty crayfish and the fungal plague are well understood separately, these findings indicate that the two organisms need to be looked at more closely together to further clarify how impactful the plague truly is to the rusty crayfish population.
Book Synopsis Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Orconectes Rusticus) by : Ashley K. Baldridge
Download or read book Invasive Rusty Crayfish (Orconectes Rusticus) written by Ashley K. Baldridge and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impacts of the Invasive Rusty Crayfish (orconectes Rusticus) in Northern Wisconsin Lakes by : Karen Alice Wilson
Download or read book Impacts of the Invasive Rusty Crayfish (orconectes Rusticus) in Northern Wisconsin Lakes written by Karen Alice Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SMELLING OUT THE COMPETITION by : Thomas Studer
Download or read book SMELLING OUT THE COMPETITION written by Thomas Studer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In aquatic environments, chemoreception is one of the most commonly used sensory system. A large variety of organisms use chemical signals to perceive and behaviorally respond to environmental stimuli such as avoiding predation, finding mates, fighting competitors and finding prey. While there are extensive studies on the use of chemoreception to detect predators and mates, there has been little work on the role that chemical signals play in detecting invasive competitors. Large-scale invasions of aquatic habitats by invasive organisms (e.g. zebra mussels, rusty crayfish, Asian carp) have significantly changed the ecosystem structure of these invaded habitats. The purpose of this study was to determine if native crayfish can detect and respond to novel chemical cues being released by potential competitors. We had access to two spatially distinct populations of the native crayfish species Orconectes virilis, one invaded by Orconectes rusticus (rusty crayfish) and the other naive to the presence and odors of this invader. To determine whether native crayfish can respond to novel competitor odors or whether these crayfish need to learn through association that these odors are connected with a competitor, we designed an experiment to monitor antennule flicking responses to different odors. Naive and experienced crayfish were presented with a series of odors over time and flicking rates (as a proxy measure for detection and response) were measured. The results showed inherent response behavior of naive O. virilis to novel O. rusticus odor. In addition, there was a greater over all flick response by experienced O. virilis to all stimuli when compared to naive O. virilis response.
Book Synopsis Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) Suppression on Salmonine Spawning Reefs in Northern Lake Michigan, USA by : Jake Thomas Kvistad
Download or read book Rusty Crayfish (Faxonius Rusticus) Suppression on Salmonine Spawning Reefs in Northern Lake Michigan, USA written by Jake Thomas Kvistad and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine Hard Bottom Communities by : Martin Wahl
Download or read book Marine Hard Bottom Communities written by Martin Wahl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine hard bottoms feature some of the most spectacular and diverse biological communities on this planet. These not only contain a rich treasure of genetic, taxonomic and functional information but also deliver irreplaceable ecosystem services. At the same time, they are highly vulnerable and increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pressures. This volume has collected contributions by 50 scientists from numerous biogeographic regions, dealing with characteristics of hard bottom communities. Distributional patterns in space and time are described, followed by analyses of the intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics producing these patterns. A strong emphasis is placed on the ongoing changes occurring in the structure and diversity of these communities in response to spiralling environmental impacts, and on state-of-the-art countermeasures aiming to preserve these ecological treasures. Finally, various values of diversity are assessed, hopefully as an incentive for enhanced conservation efforts.
Download or read book Fallacies written by John Woods and published by College Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past forty years there has been a revolution in logic. There is a widening consensus that mathematical logic has not been a satisfactory theory of argumentation, where argumentation is taken as a means of rational belief-revision and conflict resolution. It is also widely held that the traditional informal fallacies are inadequately analyzed in standard accounts found in the logical writings of the period 1950-1970. Here in nineteen chapters are the classical papers of Woods and Walton published in the decade 1972-1982, and constituting the so-called Woods-Walton Approach to fallacy theory. Originally published as a collection in 1989, the book is now re-issued with a new Forward by Dale Jacquette. Woods and Walton are recognized for their seminal role in reviving the fallacies project in logic and giving to the fallacies research programme much of its evolving character and emphasis. It is one of their principal contentions that the fallacies respond best to theoretical pluralism and that different analytical tools are needed for different fallacies. Again conveniently available in a single volume, these papers are indispensable reading for a new generation of researchers in informal logic, argumentation theory, critical thinking, computer science, linguistics and cognitive psychology. John Woods is also author of The Death of Argument: Fallacies in Agent-Based Reasoning 2005. Douglas Walton is author of A Pragmatic Theory of Fallacy 1995.
Book Synopsis Non-native Species and Their Role in the Environment by : Radu Cornel Guiaşu
Download or read book Non-native Species and Their Role in the Environment written by Radu Cornel Guiaşu and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The young field of invasion biology - initially a branch of ecology and conservation biology - has greatly expanded, particularly in the last two and a half decades or so. As a result, the potential negative effects of introduced species have been widely advertised and sometimes, perhaps, overemphasized. This book attempts to restore some balance to the current debate over the role of non-native species, by offering a broader perspective, and taking a longer term, evolutionary look at these species and their impact in their new environments. The relatively arbitrary nature of terms such as "native" and "non-native", and the rather inconsistent ways in which such terms are applied to biological species, as well as the subjective boundaries of so-called "native ranges" are analyzed. The role of non-native species in their new environments can be considerably more complex than the anti-introduced species information would often suggest. Thus, the more positive and nuanced perspective on introduced species and their impact offered in this book is much needed and long overdue.
Book Synopsis Fallacies and Argument Appraisal by : Christopher W. Tindale
Download or read book Fallacies and Argument Appraisal written by Christopher W. Tindale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fallacies and Argument Appraisal presents an introduction to the nature, identification, and causes of fallacious reasoning, along with key questions for evaluation. Drawing from the latest work on fallacies as well as some of the standard ideas that have remained relevant since Aristotle, Christopher Tindale investigates central cases of major fallacies in order to understand what has gone wrong and how this has occurred. Dispensing with the approach that simply assigns labels and brief descriptions of fallacies, Tindale provides fuller treatments that recognize the dialectical and rhetorical contexts in which fallacies arise. This volume analyzes major fallacies through accessible, everyday examples. Critical questions are developed for each fallacy to help the student identify them and provide considered evaluations.
Download or read book The Starling written by C. J. Feare and published by Shire Publications. This book was released on 1985 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants by : Judith H. Myers
Download or read book Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants written by Judith H. Myers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global spread of plant species by humans is both a fascinating large scale experiment and, in many cases, a major perturbation to native plant communities. Many of the most destructive weeds today have been intentionally introduced to new environments where they have had unexpected and detrimental impacts. This 2003 book considers the problem of invasive introduced plants from historical, ecological and sociological perspectives. We consider such questions as 'What makes a community invasible?', 'What makes a plant an invader?' and 'Can we restore plant communities after invasion?' Written with advanced students and land managers in mind, this book contains practical explanations, case studies and an introduction to basic techniques for evaluating the impacts of invasive plants. An underlying theme is that experimental and quantitative evaluation of potential problems is necessary, and solutions must consider the evolutionary and ecological constraints acting on species interactions in newly invaded communities.
Book Synopsis The Adélie Penguin by : David Ainley
Download or read book The Adélie Penguin written by David Ainley and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2002-10-01 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Adélie penguin is one of the best-studied birds in the world and is the subject of research programs from a dozen nations interested in monitoring changes in the environment and the food webs of the Southern Ocean. This species' population has been changing dramatically over the past few decades coincident with a general warming of the maritime portion of Antarctica. When the sea-ice is seen to decline so does the population of Adélie penguins. Further south, however, the population is increasing. This book summarizes our present ecological knowledge of this polar seabird. In so doing, David Ainley describes the ecological factors important to its life history and details the mechanisms by which it is responding to climate change. The author also chronicles the history of research on Adélie penguins, beginning with the heroic expeditions at the beginning of the twentieth century. Weaving together history, ecology, natural history, and written accounts from the earliest Antarctic naturalists into a fascinating account of this charismatic bird, The Adélie Penguin provides a foundation upon which future ornithological research and environmental monitoring can be based. It is a model for investigations into the effect of climate change on a particular species. The book also contains many fine illustrations from the accomplished illustrator Lucia deLeiris and photographs by the author.
Book Synopsis Coastal Remote Sensing by : Coastal Services Center (U.S.)
Download or read book Coastal Remote Sensing written by Coastal Services Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rambunctious Garden by : Emma Marris
Download or read book Rambunctious Garden written by Emma Marris and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Some of the material in this book appeared previously, in a different form, in the journal Nature"--T.p. verso.
