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Determinants Of Smallholder Commercialization Of Food Crops Theory And Evidence From Ethiopia
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Book Synopsis Determinants of Smallholder Commercialization of Food Crops: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia by : Dawit Alemu
Download or read book Determinants of Smallholder Commercialization of Food Crops: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia written by Dawit Alemu and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2007 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Commercialization of Smallholders by : Berhanu Gebremedhin
Download or read book Commercialization of Smallholders written by Berhanu Gebremedhin and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature on commercial transformation of smallholders makes little distinction between market orientation (production decision based on market signals) and market participation (sale of output). This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Empirical results show that market orientation translates strongly into market participation. The key implication of this study is that policy, technological, organizational and institutional interventions aimed at promoting commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture should follow two-pronged approach: improving market orientation of smallholders at production level, and facilitating market entry and participation of households in output and input markets. Focusing on either may not be as effective in achieving the transformation.
Book Synopsis Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture in Some Areas of Ethiopia by : Samuel Gebreselassie
Download or read book Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture in Some Areas of Ethiopia written by Samuel Gebreselassie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition by : Joachim Von Braun
Download or read book Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition written by Joachim Von Braun and published by International Food Policy Research Insitute. This book was released on 1994 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subsistence production: a sign of market failure. Commercialization cannot be left to the market. Household effects of commercialization. Nutrition effects of commercialization. Policy action needed.
Book Synopsis Role of agricultural commercialization in the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being by : Minot, Nicholas
Download or read book Role of agricultural commercialization in the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being written by Minot, Nicholas and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-01-23 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural transformation refers to a series of changes in agriculture that both reflect and drive rising income and economic development more broadly. While the macroeconomic patterns of agricultural transformation are relatively well documented, less is known about how it is manifested at the household level. Ethiopia makes an excellent case study as it has had one of the fastest growing economies in the world. This paper focuses on one aspect of this process: agricultural commercialization, that is, the process through which an increasing share of agricultural output is sold on the market rather than being consumed at home. The analysis uses three nationally representative rural household surveys carried out in 2012, 2016, and 2019, including a panel of 1,900 households. The results show that the share of marketed agricultural output has increased significantly over the seven-year period. Somewhat surprisingly, this increase is not due to a shift in crop mix toward more commercial crops but rather an increase in the degree of commercialization of each crop. Using a correlated random effects model, we find marketed share to be significantly related to age of the head of household, farm size, wealth, distance to road, rainfall, rainfall variability, and region. Although endogeneity is a challenge, descriptive statistics and regression analysis further suggest that agricultural commercialization contributes to higher income, largely because commercial crops generate higher returns per hectare than staple grains. The results indicate that there is no clear line between “subsistence” and “commercial” farms. A large majority of farms have some crop sales, while virtually none of them sell all their output. Similarly, the contrast between subsistence crops and cash crops can be misleading. For example, the value of staple cereal sales in Ethiopia is almost three times greater than that of coffee, the main cash crop. We draw lessons from the results for the design of programs to raise rural incomes by facilitating market-oriented agricultural production.
Book Synopsis Crop commercialization in Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being by : Minot, Nicholas
Download or read book Crop commercialization in Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being written by Minot, Nicholas and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural transformation refers to a series of changes in agriculture that both reflect and drive rising income and economic development more broadly. While the macroeconomic patterns of agricultural transformation are relatively well documented, less is known about how it is manifested at the household level. Ethiopia makes an excellent case study as it has had one of the fastest growing economies in the world. An important aspect of this process is agricultural commercialization, that is, the rising share of agricultural output is sold on the market rather than being consumed at home. Agricultural commercialization tends to rise with development with improved infrastructure and communications, the availability of inputs and know-how regarding commercial crop production, and farmers being willing to accept the risks associated with producing crops for the market. Agricultural commercialization is widely believed to allow farmers to earn higher income as they specialize in crops for which they have a comparative advantage. The analysis makes use of a data from three rural household surveys carried out in Ethiopia by IFPRI in 2012, 2016, and 2019. Each survey used a sample that was representative of the four main agricultural regions of the country (Tigre, Oromia, Amhara, and SNNP) with sample sizes of 3000 to 5000, including 1,900 households that were interviewed in all three rounds. In addition, we incorporate several weather variables based on CHIRPS rainfall data to estimate the effect of the level and variability of rainfall on agricultural commercialization.
Book Synopsis Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia by : Paul Dorosh
Download or read book Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia written by Paul Dorosh and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2013-02-11 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The perception of Ethiopia projected in the media is often one of chronic poverty and hunger, but this bleak assessment does not accurately reflect most of the country today. Ethiopia encompasses a wide variety of agroecologies and peoples. Its agriculture sector, economy, and food security status are equally complex. In fact, since 2001 the per capita income in certain rural areas has risen by more than 50 percent, and crop yields and availability have also increased. Higher investments in roads and mobile phone technology have led to improved infrastructure and thereby greater access to markets, commodities, services, and information. In Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and Policy Challenges, Paul Dorosh and Shahidur Rashid, along with other experts, tell the story of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation. The book is designed to provide empirical evidence to shed light on the complexities of agricultural and food policy in today's Ethiopia, highlight major policies and interventions of the past decade, and provide insights into building resilience to natural disasters and food crises. It examines the key issues, constraints, and opportunities that are likely to shape a food-secure future in Ethiopia, focusing on land quality, crop production, adoption of high-quality seed and fertilizer, and household income. Students, researchers, policy analysts, and decisionmakers will find this book a useful overview of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation as well as a resource for major food policy issues in Ethiopia. Contributors: Dawit Alemu, Guush Berhane, Jordan Chamberlin, Sarah Coll-Black, Paul Dorosh, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Sinafikeh Asrat Gemessa, Daniel O. Gilligan, John Graham, Kibrom Tafere Hirfrfot, John Hoddinott, Adam Kennedy, Neha Kumar, Mehrab Malek, Linden McBride, Dawit Kelemework Mekonnen, Asfaw Negassa, Shahidur Rashid, Emily Schmidt, David Spielman, Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse, Seneshaw Tamiru, James Thurlow, William Wiseman.
Book Synopsis Cash crops and food security by : Kuma, Tadesse
Download or read book Cash crops and food security written by Kuma, Tadesse and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key questions in food policy debates in the last decades has been the role of cash cropping for achieving food security in low income countries. We revisit this question in the context of smallholder coffee production in Ethiopia. Using unique data collected by the authors on about 1,600 coffee farmers in the country, we find that coffee income improves food security, even after controlling for total income and other factors and after addressing the endogeneity of coffee income. Further analysis suggests that the pathway for achieving this improved food security is linked to being better able to smooth consumption across agricultural seasons. In contrast with food crops, coffee sales take place almost throughout the whole year, providing farmers with cash income also during the lean season.
Book Synopsis The relative commercial orientation of smallholder farmers in Nigeria: Household and crop value-chain analyses by : Benson, Todd
Download or read book The relative commercial orientation of smallholder farmers in Nigeria: Household and crop value-chain analyses written by Benson, Todd and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing the productivity of commercially oriented smallholder farming households in Nigeria results in greater incomes for their households, which, in turn, can drive an expansion in local nonfarm employment opportunities and raise incomes across rural communities. Appropriately targeting agricultural development efforts towards commercially oriented farming households has important second-round development benefits for rural economies. We use nationally representative data from the Nigeria General Household Survey Panel to examine the characteristics of households and their context that determine their level of commercial orientation in 2015/16. We then use the same dataset for crop-specific analyses of the factors associated with a household choosing to produce a specific crop, to sell any of their harvest of that crop, and, if they sold any of the crop, whether they sold more than half of their harvest. Twelve crops are examined. We find that the commercial orientation of most smallholder farming households in Nigeria is not strong. One-third reported not making any crop sales, relying instead on household enterprises or wage employment to meet their cash needs. Another one-third reported selling less than one-third of the crops they harvested by value. For these households, any crop sales made seem to reflect the limited other options they have to obtain cash, rather than being part of a strategy of commercial production. A subsistence orientation still drives most crop production by smallholder farming households in Nigeria. The crop-specific analyses confirm that crop sales for many households are driven to an important degree by their lack of other income sources, rather than by actively seeking to produce significant commercial surpluses of a crop. That this is the case reflects a range of deficiencies in the production and marketing of many of the crops. Improved crop production technologies are not commonly used, may not be readily available, or, if available, may prove challenging to employ profitably. Nigerian crop markets remain risky with no assurances that farmers will find buyers offering remunerative prices when they bring their produce to the market to sell. Continued investments to increase crop productivity and to improve the performance and reliability of crop value chains are needed if commercial considerations are increasingly to drive the crop choices of smallholder farming households, to provide incentives for higher crop productivity, and, through the increased crop income of commercially oriented farming households, to motivate expansion in local non-farm sectors and to raise incomes for all households in rural Nigerian communities.
Book Synopsis Smallholders Commercialization Cooperatives: A Diagnostic for Ethiopia by : Tanguy Bernard, Eleni Gabre-Madhin, and Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse
Download or read book Smallholders Commercialization Cooperatives: A Diagnostic for Ethiopia written by Tanguy Bernard, Eleni Gabre-Madhin, and Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender implications of agricultural commercialization in Africa: Evidence from farm households in Ethiopia and Nigeria by : Berhane, Guush
Download or read book Gender implications of agricultural commercialization in Africa: Evidence from farm households in Ethiopia and Nigeria written by Berhane, Guush and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-01-03 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural commercialization is often pursued as an important driver of agricultural transformation in low-income countries. However, the implications it can have on gendered outcomes are less understood. While agricultural commercialization creates opportunities to increase income, this may come at the expense of change in women’s decision-making agency and control over resources. Understanding the interactions between agricultural commercialization and gender outcomes is thus critical for policymakers aspiring to achieve agricultural transformation while promoting gender equity and the evidence on the links between the two in the context of Africa is scarce and mixed. We use three rounds of Ethiopia’s and Nigeria’s LSMS-ISA panel data to understand the implications of agricultural commercialization to gendered decision-making on crop harvest use, marketing, revenue control, asset ownership, and intrahousehold budget allocation. Results indicate commercialization is associated with decreases in women’s participation in decision-making related to use of harvest, crop marketing, and control over revenue in Ethiopia, but only on harvest use and control over revenue in Nigeria. The association with land ownership is mixed: positive in Ethiopia but negative in Nigeria. Moreover, commercialization is associated with decreases in women’s share of farm-workload but with increases in share of hired labor in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia we also find women’s control over revenue is positively associated with increases in per capita consumption expenditures and dietary diversity, but men’s control is negatively associated with increases in the share of expenditure on children’s shoes and clothes. In Nigeria, women’s control is positively associated with increases in the share of expenditure on women’s shoes and clothes, food gap, and dietary diversity. In sum, we find suggestive evidence that commercialization may further marginalize women’s decision-making agency in Ethiopia and Nigeria. However, conditional on women’s control over proceeds, commercialization tends to improve women’s as well as other members’ welfare. We provide some policy recommendations and directions for future research.
Book Synopsis The impact of Ethiopia’s direct seed marketing approach on smallholders’ access to seeds, productivity, and commercialization by : Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework
Download or read book The impact of Ethiopia’s direct seed marketing approach on smallholders’ access to seeds, productivity, and commercialization written by Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several factors contribute to the low level of improved variety use in Ethiopia. Among those, on the supply side, is the limited availability of seed in the volumes, quality, and timeliness required by farmers, which is partly a result of limited public and private investment in the sector. Beginning in 2011, the Government of Ethiopia introduced a novel experiment-the Direct Seed Marketing (DSM) approach-to reduce some of the centralized, state-run attributes of the country’s seed market and rationalize the use of public resources. DSM was designed to incentivize private and public seed producers to sell seed directly to farmers rather than through the state apparatus. This study is the first quantitative evaluation of DSM’s impact on indicators of a healthy seed system: access to quality seeds, on-farm productivity, and market participation of smallholders. Using a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, the study finds that DSM led to a 26 percent increase in maize yields and a 5 percent increase in the share of maize harvest sold. DSM also led to improvements in seed availability for all three of Ethiopia’s major cereals: maize, wheat, and teff. However, DSM’s effects on yields and share of harvest sold are not statistically significant for wheat and teff. These crop-specific differences in performance are likely explainable by biological differences between hybrid maize and openly pollinated varieties of wheat and teff that incentivize private sector participation in maize seed markets over wheat and teff seed markets. These differences demand different policies and perhaps even institutional approaches to accelerating adoption between hybrids and OPVs.
Book Synopsis Linking Small Farmers to Markets by : T.A. Assay
Download or read book Linking Small Farmers to Markets written by T.A. Assay and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :David J. Spielman, Kristin E. Davis, Martha Negash, and Gezahegn Ayele Publisher :Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN 13 : Total Pages :44 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings from a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders by : David J. Spielman, Kristin E. Davis, Martha Negash, and Gezahegn Ayele
Download or read book Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings from a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders written by David J. Spielman, Kristin E. Davis, Martha Negash, and Gezahegn Ayele and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adapting to Climate Uncertainty in African Agriculture by : Stephen Whitfield
Download or read book Adapting to Climate Uncertainty in African Agriculture written by Stephen Whitfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future climatic and agro-ecological changes in Africa are uncertain and associated with high degrees of spatial and temporal variability and this change is differently simulated within divergent climate-crop models and in controlled crop breeding stations. Furthermore, uncertainty emerges in local contexts, not just in response to climatic systems, but to social, economic, and political systems, and often with implications for the appropriateness and adoption of technologies or the success of alternative cropping systems. This book examines the challenges of adaptation in smallholder farming in Africa, analysing the social, economic, political and climatic uncertainties that impact on agriculture in the region and the range of solutions proposed. Drawing on case studies of genetically modified crops, conservation agriculture, and other 'climate smart' solutions in eastern and southern Africa, the book identifies how uncertainties are framed 'from above' as well experienced 'from below', by farmers themselves. It provides a compelling insight into why ideas about adaptation emerge, from whom, and with what implications. This book offers a unique perspective and will be highly relevant to students of climate change adaptation, food security and poverty alleviation, as well as policy-makers and field practitioners in international development and agronomy.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Management Strategies in a Changing Economy by : Popescu, Gabriel
Download or read book Agricultural Management Strategies in a Changing Economy written by Popescu, Gabriel and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-01-31 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and development in agriculture is a very relevant topic in today’s society, especially given the evolution of land ownership structures and resources exploitation. These transformations have paved the way for new approaches in the allocation and management of agricultural systems. Agricultural Management Strategies in a Changing Economy brings together emergent research and best practices in the area of agricultural management, policy, and structures. Highlighting theoretical concepts and empirical research, this book will be an all-encompassing reference source for professionals, researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students in the field of agricultural economics and sustainable development, as well as in related disciplines.
Author :Melinda Smale, Lamissa Diakité, Brahima Dembélé, Issa Seni Traoré, Oumar Guindo, and Bouréma Konta Publisher :Intl Food Policy Res Inst ISBN 13 : Total Pages :52 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Trading Millet and Sorghum Genetic Resources: Women Vendors in the Village Fairs of San and Douentza, Mali by : Melinda Smale, Lamissa Diakité, Brahima Dembélé, Issa Seni Traoré, Oumar Guindo, and Bouréma Konta
Download or read book Trading Millet and Sorghum Genetic Resources: Women Vendors in the Village Fairs of San and Douentza, Mali written by Melinda Smale, Lamissa Diakité, Brahima Dembélé, Issa Seni Traoré, Oumar Guindo, and Bouréma Konta and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
