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Design Of High Power Wideband Microwave Frequency Gan Hemt Frequency Doublers Using Reflector Networks And Filtering
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Book Synopsis Design of High Power Wideband Microwave Frequency GaN HEMT Frequency Doublers Using Reflector Networks and Filtering by : Claudia Wing Yin Wong
Download or read book Design of High Power Wideband Microwave Frequency GaN HEMT Frequency Doublers Using Reflector Networks and Filtering written by Claudia Wing Yin Wong and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the theory, design, and implementation of an active high power (~1 W) microstrip S-band RF/microwave wideband frequency doubler with a fundamental operating frequency of 3.333 GHz using a GaN (gallium nitride) HEMT (high electron mobility transistor) device. A narrowband analysis employing reflector networks is performed resulting in a widebanding theory that utilizes a bandpass filter to wideband the response of a frequency doubler. The studies presented in this thesis are performed with the aid of harmonic balance simulations in ADS (Agilent Advanced Design System) using various idealized and non-idealized non-linear large signal HEMT transistor models to analyze the mechanisms behind harmonic generation with different bias levels and combinations of reflector networks. The results of these studies are then extended to present a widebanding theory in order to optimize the performance of a wideband frequency doubler. A microstrip wideband frequency doubler is then fabricated with an input and output reflector network and has also been presented in [1]. Small signal and large signal measurements are performed to characterize the doubler. For P[subscipt avs] = 30 dBm, 13.3% bandwidth with a maximum 30.2 dBm of 2f0 output power has been achieved. A conversion gain of 0.2 dB, 0.2% power-added efficiency (PAE), and 4.8% of drain efficiency (DE) has also been achieved at the same input power level. These results show that reflector networks can also be applied in a wideband application and still maintain a high output power.
Book Synopsis Design of High Power, Wideband Microwave Frequency Class F Power Amplifiers Using AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by : Jeffrey Lee Tan
Download or read book Design of High Power, Wideband Microwave Frequency Class F Power Amplifiers Using AlGaN/GaN HEMTs written by Jeffrey Lee Tan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the theory, design, and implementation of two high power (>10 W) RF power amplifiers operating in the S-band (2 to 4 GHz) and employing the Class F mode of efficiency enhancement. The amplifiers are based around gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) which provide the high power capability. A complex wideband design using synthesized low-pass transforming filters as large-bandwidth matching networks is presented, followed by a more elegant narrowband design employing simple stub matching networks for impedance matching and harmonic control. Also presented in this thesis is a detailed study into the computer modeling of the GaN HEMT devices in order to accurately predict their behavior when integrated into a system. A complete small-signal circuit model is developed which is capable of predicting the scattering parameters of the devices with a high degree of accuracy to the measured behavior. Large-signal device models of increasing complexity are studied to investigate fundamental behaviors of field-effect transistors for which HEMTs are a subset. Finally, the manufacturer design kit’s computer model is investigated and verified for accuracy with the measured results.An overview of power amplifier design and classes of operation is given, and specifically Class F theory and implementation are analyzed. The efficiency enhancement by waveform shaping is studied, as well as the mechanism of waveform shaping via harmonic manipulation. Once fabricated and tested, the wideband design is shown to achieve at least 38.8 dBm output power between 2.2 to 3.3 GHz centered around 2.75 GHz, giving a fractional bandwidth of 40%. Over that range, the PA is able to sustain PAE > 40%, with a peak efficiency of 61%. The narrowband design achieves an output power at its center frequency of 3 GHz of 41.48 dBm, or ~14 W, with the PAE achieving a maximum of approximately 66%.
Book Synopsis Theory and Design of High Power Active Microwave Frequency Doublers Utilizing Reflector Networks by : Swapnil Sunil Jain
Download or read book Theory and Design of High Power Active Microwave Frequency Doublers Utilizing Reflector Networks written by Swapnil Sunil Jain and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Broadband RF and Microwave Amplifiers by : Andrei Grebennikov
Download or read book Broadband RF and Microwave Amplifiers written by Andrei Grebennikov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadband RF and Microwave Amplifiers provides extensive coverage of broadband radio frequency (RF) and microwave power amplifier design, including well-known historical and recent novel schematic configurations, theoretical approaches, circuit simulation results, and practical implementation strategies. The text begins by introducing two-port networks to illustrate the behavior of linear and nonlinear circuits, explaining the basic principles of power amplifier design, and discussing impedance matching and broadband power amplifier design using lumped and distributed parameters. The book then: Shows how dissipative or lossy gain-compensation-matching circuits can offer an important trade-off between power gain, reflection coefficient, and operating frequency bandwidth Describes the design of broadband RF and microwave amplifiers using real frequency techniques (RFTs), supplying numerous examples based on the MATLAB® programming process Examines Class-E power amplifiers, Doherty amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers, microwave gallium arsenide field-effect transistor (GaAs FET)-distributed amplifiers, and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) amplifiers for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications Broadband RF and Microwave Amplifiers combines theoretical analysis with practical design to create a solid foundation for innovative ideas and circuit design techniques.
Book Synopsis Design of Ultra Wideband Power Transfer Networks by : Binboga Siddik Yarman
Download or read book Design of Ultra Wideband Power Transfer Networks written by Binboga Siddik Yarman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-22 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining analytic theory and modern computer-aided design techniques this volume will enable you to understand and design power transfer networks and amplifiers in next generation radio frequency (RF) and microwave communication systems. A comprehensive theory of circuits constructed with lumped and distributed elements is covered, as are electromagnetic field theory, filter theory, and broadband matching. Along with detailed roadmaps and accessible algorithms, this book provides up-to-date, practical design examples including: filters built with microstrip lines in C and X bands; various antenna matching networks over HF and microwave frequencies; channel equalizers with arbitary gain shapes; matching networks for ultrasonic transducers; ultra wideband microwave amplifiers constructed with lumped and distributed elements. A companion website details all Real Frequency Techniques (including line segment and computational techniques) with design tools developed on MatLab. Essential reading for all RF and circuit design engineers, this is also a great reference text for other electrical engineers and researchers working on the development of communications applications at wideband frequencies. This book is also beneficial to advanced electrical and communications engineering students taking courses in RF and microwave communications technology. www.wiley.com/go/yarman_wideband
Book Synopsis Microwave Bandpass Filters for Wideband Communications by : Lei Zhu
Download or read book Microwave Bandpass Filters for Wideband Communications written by Lei Zhu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-12-28 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will appeal to scientists and engineers who are concerned with the design of microwave wideband devices and systems. For advanced (ultra)-wideband wireless systems, the necessity and design methodology of wideband filters will be discussed with reference to the inherent limitation in fractional bandwidth of classical bandpass filters. Besides the detailed working principles, a large number of design examples are demonstrated, which can be easily followed and modified by the readers to achieve their own desired specifications. Therefore, this book is of interest not only to students and researchers from academia, but also to design engineers in industry. With the help of complete design procedures and tabulated design parameters, even those with little filter design experience, will find this book to be a useful design guideline and reference, which can free them from tedious computer-aided full-wave electromagnetic simulations. Among different design proposals, wideband bandpass filters based on the multi-mode resonator have demonstrated many unparalleled attractive features, including a simple design methodology, compact size, low loss and good linearity in the wide passband, enhanced out-of-band rejection, and easy integration with other circuits/antennas. A conventional bandpass filter works under single dominant resonant modes of a few cascaded transmission line resonators and its operating bandwidth is widened via enhanced coupling between the adjacent resonators. However, this traditional approach needs an extremely high coupling degree of coupled-lines while producing a narrow upper stopband between the dominant and harmonic bands. As a sequence, the desired dominant passband is restricted to an extent less than 60% in fractional bandwidth. To circumvent these issues and break with the tradition, a filter based on the multiple resonant modes was initially introduced in 2000 by the first author of this book. Based on this novel concept, a new class of wideband filters with fractional bandwidths larger than 60% has been successfully developed so far. This book, presents and characterizes a variety of multi-mode resonators with stepped-impedance or loaded-stub configurations using the matured transmission line theory for development of advanced microwave wideband filters.
Book Synopsis High Frequency Techniques by : Joseph F. White
Download or read book High Frequency Techniques written by Joseph F. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is an introduction to microwave engineering. The scope of this book extends from topics for a first course in electrical engineering, in which impedances are analyzed using complex numbers, through the introduction of transmission lines that are analyzed using the Smith Chart, and on to graduate level subjects, such as equivalent circuits for obstacles in hollow waveguides, analyzed using Green’s Functions. This book is a virtual encyclopedia of circuit design methods. Despite the complexity, topics are presented in a conversational manner for ease of comprehension. The book is not only an excellent text at the undergraduate and graduate levels, but is as well a detailed reference for the practicing engineer. Consider how well informed an engineer will be who has become familiar with these topics as treated in High Frequency Techniques: (in order of presentation) Brief history of wireless (radio) and the Morse code U.S. Radio Frequency Allocations Introduction to vectors AC analysis and why complex numbers and impedance are used Circuit and antenna reciprocity Decibel measure Maximum power transfer Skin effect Computer simulation and optimization of networks LC matching of one impedance to another Coupled Resonators Uniform transmission lines for propagation VSWR, return Loss and mismatch error The Telegrapher Equations (derived) Phase and Group Velocities The Impedance Transformation Equation for lines (derived) Fano's and Bode's matching limits The Smith Chart (derived) Slotted Line impedance measurement Constant Q circles on the Smith Chart Approximating a transmission line with lumped L's and C's ABCD, Z, Y and Scattering matrix analysis methods for circuits Statistical Design and Yield Analysis of products Electromagnetic Fields Gauss's Law Vector Dot Product, Divergence and Curl Static Potential and Gradient Ampere's Law and Vector Curl Maxwell's Equations and their visualization The Laplacian Rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinates Skin Effect The Wave Equation The Helmholtz Equations Plane Propagating Waves Rayleigh Fading Circular (elliptic) Polarization Poynting's Theorem EM fields on Transmission Lines Calculating the impedance of coaxial lines Calculating and visualizing the fields in waveguides Propagation constants and waveguide modes The Taylor Series Expansion Fourier Series and Green's Functions Higher order modes and how to suppress them Vector Potential and Retarded Potentials Wire and aperture antennas Radio propagation and path loss Electromagnetic computer simulation of structures Directional couplers The Rat Race Hybrid Even and Odd Mode Analysis applied to the backward wave coupler Network analyzer impedance and transmission measurements Two-port Scattering Parameters (s matrix) The Hybrid Ring coupler The Wilkinson power divider Filter design: Butterworth, Maximally flat & Tchebyscheff responses Filter Q Diplexer, Bandpass and Elliptic filters Richard's Transformation & Kuroda’s Identities Mumford's transmission line stub filters Transistor Amplifier Design: gain, biasing, stability, and conjugate matching Noise in systems, noise figure of an amplifier cascade Amplifier non-linearity, and spurious free dynamic range Statistical Design and Yield Analysis
Book Synopsis Balanced Microwave Filters by : Ferran Martín
Download or read book Balanced Microwave Filters written by Ferran Martín and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and discusses strategies for the design and implementation of common-mode suppressed balanced microwave filters, including, narrowband, wideband, and ultra-wideband filters This book examines differential-mode, or balanced, microwave filters by discussing several implementations of practical realizations of these passive components. Topics covered include selective mode suppression, designs based on distributed and semi-lumped approaches, multilayer technologies, defect ground structures, coupled resonators, metamaterials, interference techniques, and substrate integrated waveguides, among others. Divided into five parts, Balanced Microwave Filters begins with an introduction that presents the fundamentals of balanced lines, circuits, and networks. Part 2 covers balanced transmission lines with common-mode noise suppression, including several types of common-mode filters and the application of such filters to enhance common-mode suppression in balanced bandpass filters. Next, Part 3 examines wideband and ultra-wideband (UWB) balanced bandpass filters with intrinsic common-mode suppression. Narrowband and dual-band balanced bandpass filters with intrinsic common-mode suppression are discussed in Part 4. Finally, Part 5 covers other balanced circuits, such as balanced power dividers and combiners, and differential-mode equalizers with common-mode filtering. In addition, the book: Explores a research topic of increasing interest due to the growing demand of balanced transmission lines and circuits in modern communication systems Includes contributions from prominent worldwide experts in the field Provides readers with the necessary knowledge to analyze and synthesize balanced filters and circuits Balanced Microwave Filters is an important text for R&D engineers, professionals, and specialists working on the topic of microwave filters. Post graduate students and Masters students in the field of microwave engineering and wireless communications, especially those involved in courses related to microwave filters, and balanced filters and circuits will also find it to be a vital resource.
Book Synopsis Modern RF and Microwave Filter Design by : Protap Pramanick
Download or read book Modern RF and Microwave Filter Design written by Protap Pramanick and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative resource presents current practices for the design of RF and microwave filters. This one-stop reference provides readers with essential and practical information in order to design their own filter design software package, ultimately saving time and money. Essential building blocks for each type of filter are presented including network theory, transmission lines, and coupling mechanisms. This book presents a detailed discussion of the Low Pass Filter prototype, which is then extended to other configurations such as high pass, band pass, band stop, diplexers, and multiplexers. Microwave Network Theory and Transmission Line Coupling Mechanisms are presented along with a comprehensive discussion of the characteristics of commonly used transmission lines such as waveguides, Striplines, and Microstrip lines. Numerous design examples are presented to demonstrate an inclusive design methodology.
Book Synopsis The Design of Impedance-matching Networks for Radio-frequency and Microwave Amplifiers by : Pieter L. D. Abrie
Download or read book The Design of Impedance-matching Networks for Radio-frequency and Microwave Amplifiers written by Pieter L. D. Abrie and published by Artech House Publishers. This book was released on 1985 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distributed Power Amplifiers for RF and Microwave Communications by : Narendra Kumar
Download or read book Distributed Power Amplifiers for RF and Microwave Communications written by Narendra Kumar and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new resource presents readers with all relevant information and comprehensive design methodology of wideband amplifiers. This book specifically focuses on distributed amplifiers and their main components, and presents numerous RF and microwave applications including well-known historical and recent architectures, theoretical approaches, circuit simulation, and practical implementation techniques. A great resource for practicing designers and engineers, this book contains numerous well-known and novel practical circuits, architectures, and theoretical approaches with detailed description of their operational principles.
Book Synopsis Microwave Filters for Communication Systems by : Richard J. Cameron
Download or read book Microwave Filters for Communication Systems written by Richard J. Cameron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth look at the state-of-the-art in microwave filter design, implementation, and optimization Thoroughly revised and expanded, this second edition of the popular reference addresses the many important advances that have taken place in the field since the publication of the first edition and includes new chapters on Multiband Filters, Tunable Filters and a chapter devoted to Practical Considerations and Examples. One of the chief constraints in the evolution of wireless communication systems is the scarcity of the available frequency spectrum, thus making frequency spectrum a primary resource to be judiciously shared and optimally utilized. This fundamental limitation, along with atmospheric conditions and interference have long been drivers of intense research and development in the fields of signal processing and filter networks, the two technologies that govern the information capacity of a given frequency spectrum. Written by distinguished experts with a combined century of industrial and academic experience in the field, Microwave Filters for Communication Systems: Provides a coherent, accessible description of system requirements and constraints for microwave filters Covers fundamental considerations in the theory and design of microwave filters and the use of EM techniques to analyze and optimize filter structures Chapters on Multiband Filters and Tunable Filters address the new markets emerging for wireless communication systems and flexible satellite payloads and A chapter devoted to real-world examples and exercises that allow readers to test and fine-tune their grasp of the material covered in various chapters, in effect it provides the roadmap to develop a software laboratory, to analyze, design, and perform system level tradeoffs including EM based tolerance and sensitivity analysis for microwave filters and multiplexers for practical applications. Microwave Filters for Communication Systems provides students and practitioners alike with a solid grounding in the theoretical underpinnings of practical microwave filter and its physical realization using state-of-the-art EM-based techniques.
Book Synopsis Active and Passive RF and Microwave Frequency Multipliers by : Donald Thomas Jr. Gonzelas
Download or read book Active and Passive RF and Microwave Frequency Multipliers written by Donald Thomas Jr. Gonzelas and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theory and Design of Active Microwave Frequency Multipliers by : Jessi Ernest-Jerome Johnson
Download or read book Theory and Design of Active Microwave Frequency Multipliers written by Jessi Ernest-Jerome Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Digital Predistortion of Frequency-Multipliers-Based Wideband Millimeter-Wave Sources by : Ifrah Jaffri
Download or read book Digital Predistortion of Frequency-Multipliers-Based Wideband Millimeter-Wave Sources written by Ifrah Jaffri and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radio frequency (RF) technology has seen unprecedented advancements over the past few decades. These advancements have been driven by continuously growing demand for wireless networks with higher capacity and radar and sensing technologies with higher accuracy and capabilities. These demands have been partially addressed using radio communication solutions with operating frequencies predominantly in the giga-hertz (GHz) bands. However, the extensive penetration of radio communication into various industry sectors has spurred a shift to the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands, where abundant spectrum resources are available. Yet, this shift brings with it several challenges, especially to the design of RF transceivers. Some of these challenges are due to the increased parasitics and reduced performance (efficiency, output power, gain) of most of the semiconductor technologies as the operating frequency increases. Others are associated with the propagation at mm-wave which is characterised with significant losses. The limited maximum oscillation frequency of underlying transistors in power amplifier (PA) is one main reason for reduced performance of high frequency signal source. In this work, a frequency multiplier-based high frequency and high quality signal transmitter (TX) architecture is proposed which outperforms PA-based TXs. Nevertheless, some linearization techniques, for example digital predistortion (DPD), have to be deployed to mitigate the distortions caused by frequency multipliers in the TX chain. This work proposes a novel DPD scheme for mitigating the effects of nonlinear distortion caused by frequency multipliers when driven with wideband vector modulated signals. An effective pruning strategy is applied to limit the number of coefficients and consequently limit the complexity of the DPD scheme while maintaining excellent linearization capacity. Extensive tests are conducted using different mm-wave frequency multipliers for proof of concept validation. These multipliers include two frequency doublers (25 GHz, 28 GHz), a tripler (63 GHz), and a quadrupler (25 GHz), and are driven by vector modulated signals with an instantaneous bandwidth (BW) of up to 400 MHz. With 44 coefficients or less, the proposed DPD allowed for excellent cancellation of the distortions exhibited by the frequency doublers and improved the error vector magnitude (EVM) and adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) from about 21% and 21 dB to 1.8-0.8% and 47-54 dB for the different test signals. Similarly, in the case of the frequency tripler, the EVM and ACPR improved from 8% and 30 dB to less than 1.7% and 45-51 dB after applying the proposed DPD scheme with 57 coefficients for the different test signals used. Finally, in the case of the frequency quadrupler, which is composed of a cascade of two frequency doublers, the proposed DPD scheme was able to achieve similar quality of output signal with higher number of coefficients. Moreover, the high frequency signals experience significant attenuation due to non-negligible parasitic effects in the circuit and considerable free-space path loss over-the-air (OTA). As a result, even a frequency multiplier-based TX architecture shows limited output power. However, various large-scale multiple antenna (LSMA) architectures have been studied in the literature to improve the radiation output power and beam-steering capability of the TX. In this work, a frequency-multiplier-based radio frequency (RF) beamforming architecture suitable for the generation/transmission of high-frequency vector-modulated signals is proposed. Additionally, in order to tackle the non-linearity of the frequency multipliers, the proposed architecture incorporates a single-input-single-output DPD function that has been carefully synthesized to guarantee excellent EVM and ACPR for the signals received in the far-field. A 2×2 beamforming array was built using off-the-shelf frequency doublers and printed circuit board based patch antennas, all operating at 28 GHz, to serve as the device-under-test in the validation experiments. OTA experiments confirmed the ability of the proposed architecture to successfully generate orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. For instance, EVMs as low as 0.9% and 2.5% and ACPRs equal to 52 dB and 47 dB, were obtained for modulation BWs equal to 100 MHz and 400 MHz, respectively.
Book Synopsis Design of High Power Microwave Devices with Wide Band-gap Semiconductors by : Gang Bu
Download or read book Design of High Power Microwave Devices with Wide Band-gap Semiconductors written by Gang Bu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis GHz Power Integrity Design Using Power Archipelago by :
Download or read book GHz Power Integrity Design Using Power Archipelago written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noise coupling in mixed-signal systems from shared power distribution networks can be a critical problem. The concept of power filtering in high-speed digital systems as introduced in this thesis is as fundamental as signal filtering in high-frequency analog systems. Sensitive RF ICs have to be isolated from voltage fluctuations caused by simultaneously switching digital drivers. Suppressing this noise is therefore critical to the performance of mixed-signal systems. Conventional approaches, such as decoupling capacitors, do not work at microwave frequencies due to the parasitic effects of the components. Existing methodologies for microwave power filtering are design intensive or narrow-band solutions. This thesis introduces the concept of the power archipelago, a new methodology for minimizing the transfer impedance of the power distribution network, as well as several design considerations. The power archipelago is essentially a lumped element microwave filter in which the discrete elements have been translated to embedded elements, effectively filtering out noise from the power distribution network. The power archipelago design methodology, based on microwave design theory, for the first time provides systematic design methodology for power filtering. Hardware measurements on passive test boards show good isolation across a wide frequency band.
