Design of a Low-power 60 GHz Transceiver Front-end and Behavioral Modeling and Implementation of Its Key Building Blocks in 65 Nm CMOS

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of a Low-power 60 GHz Transceiver Front-end and Behavioral Modeling and Implementation of Its Key Building Blocks in 65 Nm CMOS by : Michael M. Kraemer

Download or read book Design of a Low-power 60 GHz Transceiver Front-end and Behavioral Modeling and Implementation of Its Key Building Blocks in 65 Nm CMOS written by Michael M. Kraemer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide regulations for short range communication devices allow the unlicensed use of several Gigahertz of bandwidth in the frequency band around 60GHz. This 60GHz band is ideally suited for applications like very high data rate, energy-autonomous wireless sensor networks or Gbit/s multimedia links with low power constraints. Not long ago, radio interfaces that operate in the millimeter-wave frequency range could only be realized using expensive compound semiconductor technologies. Today, the latest sub-micron CMOS technologies can be used to design 60GHz radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs)at very low cost in mass production. This thesis is part of an effort to realize a low power System in Package (SiP) including both the radio interface (with baseband and RF circuitry) and an antenna array to directly transmit and receive a 60GHz signal. The first part of this thesis deals with the design of the low power RF transceiver front-end for the radio interface. The key building blocks of this RF front-end (amplifiers, mixers and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO)) are designed, realized and measured using the 65nm CMOS technology of ST Microelectronics. Full custom active and passive devices are developed for the use within these building blocks. An important step towards the full integration of the RF transceiver front-end is the assembly of these building blocks to form basic transmitter and receiver chips. Circuits with small chip size and low power consumption compared to the state of the art have been accomplished.The second part of this thesis concerns the development of behavioral models for the designed building blocks. These system level models are necessary to simulate the behavior of the entire SiP, which becomes too complex when using detailed circuit level models. In particular, a novel technique to model the transient, steady state and phase noise behavior of the VCO in the hardware description language VHDL-AMS is proposed and implemented. The model uses a state space description to describe the dynamic behavior of the VCO. Its nonlinearity is approximated by artificial neural networks. A drastic reduction of simulation time with respect to the circuit level model has been achieved, while at the same time maintaining a very high level of accuracy.

Gm-C Filter Synthesis for Modern RF Systems

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811665613
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Gm-C Filter Synthesis for Modern RF Systems by : Vančo Litovski

Download or read book Gm-C Filter Synthesis for Modern RF Systems written by Vančo Litovski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses synthesis of Gm-C filter for modern radio frequency systems. Analogue filters are an inevitable part of the chain of signal processing in modern radio and telecommunication systems. Among the technologies implemented for these purposes are the so-called Gm-C filters which are built of operational transconductance amplifiers and capacitors. This technology allows for integration of the filter into a CMOS system-on-chip so making it very attractive for application in low-power (battery operated) devices. The objective of this book is to achieve three goals: (1) to fully describe the circuit synthesis procedures for parallel, cascade, and a realization based on LC prototypes; (2) to make a thorough evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and to recommend the “preferable” one; and (3) to create an extensive table of element values of cascaded Gm-C filters realizing the best-known low-pass filter functions. The book will influence the design community to embrace this technology even for non-communication applications.

High-Frequency Integrated Circuits

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110731061X
Total Pages : 921 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Frequency Integrated Circuits by : Sorin Voinigescu

Download or read book High-Frequency Integrated Circuits written by Sorin Voinigescu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A transistor-level, design-intensive overview of high speed and high frequency monolithic integrated circuits for wireless and broadband systems from 2 GHz to 200 GHz, this comprehensive text covers high-speed, RF, mm-wave and optical fiber circuits using nanoscale CMOS, SiGe BiCMOS and III-V technologies. Step-by-step design methodologies, end-of-chapter problems and practical simulation and design projects are provided, making this an ideal resource for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in circuit design. With an emphasis on device-circuit topology interaction and optimization, it gives circuit designers and students alike an in-depth understanding of device structures and process limitations affecting circuit performance.

Design of an Integrated 60 GHz Transceiver Front End in SiGe:C BiCMOS Technology

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of an Integrated 60 GHz Transceiver Front End in SiGe:C BiCMOS Technology by : Yaoming Sun

Download or read book Design of an Integrated 60 GHz Transceiver Front End in SiGe:C BiCMOS Technology written by Yaoming Sun and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Design of a Low-cost 60 GHz Transceiver Frontend

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of a Low-cost 60 GHz Transceiver Frontend by : Muhammad Umar

Download or read book Design of a Low-cost 60 GHz Transceiver Frontend written by Muhammad Umar and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Systematic Modeling and Analysis of Telecom Frontends and their Building Blocks

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402031742
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Modeling and Analysis of Telecom Frontends and their Building Blocks by : Piet Vanassche

Download or read book Systematic Modeling and Analysis of Telecom Frontends and their Building Blocks written by Piet Vanassche and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-24 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To meet the demands of today's highly competitive market, analog electronics designers must develop their IC designs in a minimum of time. The difference between first- and second-time right seriously affects a company's share of the market. Analog designers are therefore in need for structured design methods together with the theory and tools to support them, especially when pushing the performance limits in high-performance designs. Systematic Modeling and Analysis of Telecom Frontends and Their Building Blocks aims to help designers in speeding up telecommunication frontend design by offering an in-depth understanding of the frontend's behavior together with methods and algorithms that support designers in bringing this understanding to practice. The book treats topics such as time-varying phase-locked loop stability, noise in mixing circuits, oscillator injection locking, oscillator phase noise behavior, harmonic oscillator dynamics and many more. In doing so, it always starts from a theoretical foundation that is both rigorous and general. Phase-locked loop and mixer analysis, for example, are grounded upon a general framework for time-varying small-signal analysis. Likewise, analysis of harmonic oscillator transient behavior and oscillator phase noise analysis are treated as particular applications of a general framework for oscillator perturbation analysis. In order to make the book as easy to read as possible, all theory is always accompanied by numerous examples and easy-to-catch intuitive explanations. As such, the book is suited for both computer-aided design engineers looking for general theories and methods, either as background material or for practical implementation in tools, as well as for practicing circuit designers looking for help and insight in dealing with a particular application or a particular high-performance design problem.

Circuits for MM-wave Radio and Radar Transceiver Front-Ends

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494777268
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (772 download)

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Book Synopsis Circuits for MM-wave Radio and Radar Transceiver Front-Ends by : Ekaterina Tyshchenko

Download or read book Circuits for MM-wave Radio and Radar Transceiver Front-Ends written by Ekaterina Tyshchenko and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the design and implementation of 140 GHz to 170 GHz transceivers in SiGe HBT technologies and a 95 GHz receiver in 65 nm CMOS technology. Optimization and modeling of all passive components and transistor biasing at peak-fT and peak-f MAX current densities are employed to obtain higher frequency operation of circuit blocks compared to state of the art. These circuit blocks include static and dynamic frequency dividers, voltage-controlled oscillators, and tuned mm-wave amplifiers. Design procedures for a 100 GHz static divider, a 136 GHz dynamic divider, as well as low-power divider topologies are presented. A methodology for the design of quadrature voltage-controlled oscillators in CMOS and SiGe technologies is described, together with a technique for reduced-power LO-path design. Tuned 5-stage 140 GHz, 160 GHz, and 170 GHz amplifiers with more than 15 dB in SiGe HBT technology are reported.Using these circuit building blocks, a 95 GHz receiver in 65 nm CMOS technology with 12.5 dB gain, 7 dB noise figure, and 206mW. Also, several 165 GHz transceivers are implemented in SiGe HBT technology. The 165 GHz transceivers that include an oscillator, a divider, RX, LO, and TX amplifiers, and a mixer, were designed with and without on-chip antennas. They have -3 dB conversion gain, all achieved at RF, and -3.5 dBm output power. Following that, a 140 GHz fully-integrated transceiver and a 140 GHz transceiver array with on-chip patch antennas were designed in a 0.13micron SiGe BiCMOS technology, demonstrating the highest integration levels at this frequency in silicon to date. These transceivers feature 136-145 GHz voltage-controlled oscillators, 20 dB receive-amplifiers and mixers,transmit-amplifiers with amplitude-shift keying modulation, and variable-gain IF amplifiers. At 140 GHz the transceivers have up to 32 dB conversion gain and -8 dBm output power. Wireless data transmission at 4 Gb/s was demonstrated over 1.15m with off-chip horn antennas, and over 2 cm with the on chip antennas. With on-chip antennas, the transceiver could detect a Doppler shift of as little as 25 Hz. Both transceivers were also operational in frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar mode.

Highly Integrated Three Dimensional Millimeter-wave Passive Front-end Architectures Using System-on-Package (SOP) Technologies for Broadband Telecommunications and Multimedia/sensing Applications

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Highly Integrated Three Dimensional Millimeter-wave Passive Front-end Architectures Using System-on-Package (SOP) Technologies for Broadband Telecommunications and Multimedia/sensing Applications by : Jong-Hoon Lee

Download or read book Highly Integrated Three Dimensional Millimeter-wave Passive Front-end Architectures Using System-on-Package (SOP) Technologies for Broadband Telecommunications and Multimedia/sensing Applications written by Jong-Hoon Lee and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the proposed research is to present a compact system-on-package (SOP)-based passive front-end solution for millimeter-wave wireless communication/sensor applications, that consists of fully integrated three dimensional (3D) cavity filters/duplexers and antenna. The presented concept is applied to the design, fabrication and testing of V-band transceiver front-end modules using multilayer low temperature co-fired (LTCC) technology. The millimeter-wave front-end module is the foundation of 60 GHz (V-band) wireless systems for short-range multimedia applications, such as high-speed internet access, video streaming and content download. Its integration poses stringent challenges in terms of high performance, large number of embedded passive components, low power consumption, low interference between integrated components and compactness. To overcome these major challenges, a high level of integration of embedded passive functions using low-cost and high-performance materials that can be laminated in 3D, such as the multilayer LTCC, is significantly critical in the module-level design. In this work, various compact and high-performance passive building blocks have been developed in both microstrip and cavity configurations and their integration, enabling a complete passives integration solution for 3D low-cost wireless millimeter-wave front-end modules. It is worthy to note that most of the designs implemented comes away with novel ideas and is presented as the first extensive state-of-art components, entirely validated by measured data at 60 GHz bands.

High-Frequency Integrated Circuits

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521873029
Total Pages : 921 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Frequency Integrated Circuits by : Sorin Voinigescu

Download or read book High-Frequency Integrated Circuits written by Sorin Voinigescu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A transistor-level, design-intensive overview of high speed and high frequency monolithic integrated circuits for wireless and broadband systems from 2 GHz to 200 GHz, this comprehensive text covers high-speed, RF, mm-wave, and optical fibre circuits using nanoscale CMOS, SiGe BiCMOS, and III-V technologies. Step-by-step design methodologies, end-of chapter problems, and practical simulation and design projects are provided, making this an ideal resource for senior undergraduate and graduate courses in circuit design. With an emphasis on device-circuit topology interaction and optimization, it gives circuit designers and students alike an in-depth understanding of device structures and process limitations affecting circuit performance.

A Baseband, Impulse Ultra-wideband Transceiver Front-end for Low Power Applications

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis A Baseband, Impulse Ultra-wideband Transceiver Front-end for Low Power Applications by : Ian David O'Donnell

Download or read book A Baseband, Impulse Ultra-wideband Transceiver Front-end for Low Power Applications written by Ian David O'Donnell and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in indoor wireless communications has been increasing. In addition to high throughput WLAN systems such as 802.11a/b/g/n, attention is also being focused on lower rate, short distance systems such as Bluetooth and Zigbee. These low rate radios are being proposed for a variety of applications including automation/security, smart toys, remote sensing/control, asset tracking, and as a replacement for computer peripheral wires. While not demanding aggressive throughput, these radios do require low cost, power efficient operation and optionally the ability to perform ranging. Unfortunately, currently reported radios are up to an order of magnitude away from these power and cost targets or do not support ranging. However, a recent ruling from the FCC has opened up nearly 8GHz of unlicensed spectrum (from dc to 960MHz and from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz) for ultra-wideband (UWB) deployment. One attractive method of UWB signaling that seems suited to a low power, highly integrated implementation communicates with short pulses, on the order of a nanosecond, that spread energy over at least 500MHz of bandwidth. Termed "impulse-UWB," the baseband nature of this signaling promises low cost and low power consumption through design simplicity, pulsed (or "duty-cycled") operation, and a "mostly-digital" implementation. The benefits of this approach are balanced by the risk of jamming from in-band interference, of stricter sampling and gain constraints, and of increased digital complexity. This dissertation presents the system exploration, specification, design, and demonstration of a low power, highly integrated, flexible, baseband, impulse ultra-wideband transceiver front-end.

Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000794490
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT by : Vladimir Kopta

Download or read book Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT written by Vladimir Kopta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades we have witnessed the increasing popularity of the internet of things. The vision of billions of connected objects, able to interact with their environment, is the key driver directing the development of future communication devices. Today, power consumption as well as the cost and size of radios remain some of the key obstacles towards fulfilling this vision. Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT presents the latest developments in the field of low power wireless communication. It promotes the FM-UWB modulation scheme as a candidate for short range communication in different IoT scenarios. The FM-UWB has the potential to provide exactly what is missing today. This spread spectrum technique enables significant reduction in transceiver complexity, making it smaller, cheaper and more energy efficient than most alternative options. The book provides an overview of both circuit-level and architectural techniques used in low power radio design, with a comprehensive study of state-of-the-art examples. It summarizes key theoretical aspects of FM-UWB with a glimpse at potential future research directions. Finally, it gives an insight into a full FM-UWB transceiver design, from system level specifications down to transistor level design, demonstrating the modern power reduction circuit techniques. Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT is a perfect text and reference for engineers working in RF IC design and wireless communication, as well as academic staff and graduate students engaged in low power communication systems research.

Transceiver Technologies for Millimeter-Wave Beam Steering Applications (Band 71)

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Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736967020
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Transceiver Technologies for Millimeter-Wave Beam Steering Applications (Band 71) by : Yi-Fan Tsao

Download or read book Transceiver Technologies for Millimeter-Wave Beam Steering Applications (Band 71) written by Yi-Fan Tsao and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past years, wireless communication systems have been rapidly advancing to meet the high data-rate requirements of various emerging applications. However, the existing transceivers have typically been demonstrated using CMOS-compatible technologies that deliver a relatively low equivalent isotropic radiated power in a small unit cell. Moreover, the particular device characteristics are limiting the linear region for operation. Therefore, the main focus of this dissertation is to present and discuss new design methods for transceivers to solve these issues. To reduce the complexity of the transceiver module for further phased-array scaling, a low-noise power amplifier design approach is designed using a 0.15-μm GaN-on-SiC high-electron mobility transistor technology (HEMT). Utilizing a traded off interstage matching topology between loss and bandwidth, the conversion loss induced by the matching network could be effectively reduced. A stacked-FET configuration was adopted to enhance the power handling of the RF switch. Further improvement on the isolation bandwidth was investigated using theoretical analysis on the intrinsic effect of the passive HEMTs. With the successful implementation of the RF front-end circuits, transceiver modules were integrated on Rogers RO3010 substrate. The planar dual exponentially tapered slot antenna phased-array system showed a compact size with simple biasing network compared to the conventional transceiver approach. The presented T/R module was characterized with an over-the-air test at a distance of 1 m, overcoming the free space path loss of 64 dB. It also shows a high flexibility for further integration with a larger number of array systems, which is very promising for future 5G communication systems.

The gm/ID Methodology, a sizing tool for low-voltage analog CMOS Circuits

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387471014
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)

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Book Synopsis The gm/ID Methodology, a sizing tool for low-voltage analog CMOS Circuits by : Paul Jespers

Download or read book The gm/ID Methodology, a sizing tool for low-voltage analog CMOS Circuits written by Paul Jespers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IC designers appraise currently MOS transistor geometries and currents to compromise objectives like gain-bandwidth, slew-rate, dynamic range, noise, non-linear distortion, etc. Making optimal choices is a difficult task. How to minimize for instance the power consumption of an operational amplifier without too much penalty regarding area while keeping the gain-bandwidth unaffected in the same time? Moderate inversion yields high gains, but the concomitant area increase adds parasitics that restrict bandwidth. Which methodology to use in order to come across the best compromise(s)? Is synthesis a mixture of design experience combined with cut and tries or is it a constrained multivariate optimization problem, or a mixture? Optimization algorithms are attractive from a system perspective of course, but what about low-voltage low-power circuits, requiring a more physical approach? The connections amid transistor physics and circuits are intricate and their interactions not always easy to describe in terms of existing software packages. The gm/ID synthesis methodology is adapted to CMOS analog circuits for the transconductance over drain current ratio combines most of the ingredients needed in order to determine transistors sizes and DC currents.

Low Power Building Blocks for a MM-wave Distance Sensor

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Low Power Building Blocks for a MM-wave Distance Sensor by : Guy Alter

Download or read book Low Power Building Blocks for a MM-wave Distance Sensor written by Guy Alter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Design and Implementation of Low-Power CMOS Radio Receivers

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306470497
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis The Design and Implementation of Low-Power CMOS Radio Receivers by : Derek Shaeffer

Download or read book The Design and Implementation of Low-Power CMOS Radio Receivers written by Derek Shaeffer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is hardly a profound observation to note that we remain in the midst of a wireless revolution. In 1998 alone, over 150 million cell phones were sold worldwide, representing an astonishing 50% increase over the previous year. Maintaining such a remarkable growth rate requires constant innovation to decrease cost while increasing performance and functionality. Traditionally, wireless products have depended on a mixture of semicond- tor technologies, spanning GaAs, bipolar and BiCMOS, just to name a few. A question that has been hotly debated is whether CMOS could ever be suitable for RF applications. However, given the acknowledged inferiority of CMOS transistors relative to those in other candidate technologies, it has been argued by many that “CMOS RF” is an oxymoron, an endeavor best left cloistered in the ivory towers of academia. In rebuttal, there are several compelling reasons to consider CMOS for wi- less applications. Aside from the exponential device and density improvements delivered regularly by Moore’s law, only CMOS offers a technology path for integrating RF and digital elements, potentially leading to exceptionally c- pact and low-cost devices. To enable this achievement, several thorny issues need to be resolved. Among these are the problem of poor passive com- nents, broadband noise in MOSFETs, and phase noise in oscillators made with CMOS. Beyond the component level, there is also the important question of whether there are different architectural choices that one would make if CMOS were used, given the different constraints.

Design Considerations for High-speed Backplane Transceivers with Digital Adaptive Equalizers

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Design Considerations for High-speed Backplane Transceivers with Digital Adaptive Equalizers by : Hayun Cecillia Chung

Download or read book Design Considerations for High-speed Backplane Transceivers with Digital Adaptive Equalizers written by Hayun Cecillia Chung and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the receive-side, an analog-to-digital-converter-based (ADC-based) receiver is assumed, which consists of front-end ADCs followed by digital equalizers. A test-chip prototype for the front-end ADC is fabricated in 65 nm CMOS process, which employs two-stage track-and-hold (T/H) structure and sampling clock duty cycle control technique to enable low power consumption, high input bandwidth, and high sampling rate at the same time. As the ADC-based receivers can suffer from high complexity and power consumption, a thorough design-space exploration is required to optimize trade-offs between power consumption and performance. Thus, to facilitate receiver design-space exploration, a parameterized high-level model of an ADC-based receiver is developed in MATLAB, which includes an accurate-yet-simple behavioral model of front-end ADCs and detailed power models for digital equalizers. The receiver design-space exploration based on wide range of parameter sweeps reveals the Pareto frontier in power and performance.

Millimeter-Wave Antennas: Configurations and Applications

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319350684
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Millimeter-Wave Antennas: Configurations and Applications by : Jaco du Preez

Download or read book Millimeter-Wave Antennas: Configurations and Applications written by Jaco du Preez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-20 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively reviews the state of the art in millimeter-wave antennas, traces important recent developments and provides information on a wide range of antenna configurations and applications. While fundamental theoretical aspects are discussed whenever necessary, the book primarily focuses on design principles and concepts, manufacture, measurement techniques, and practical results. Each of the various antenna types scalable to millimeter-wave dimensions is considered individually, with coverage of leaky-wave and surface-wave antennas, printed antennas, integrated antennas, and reflector and lens systems. The final two chapters address the subject from a systems perspective, providing an overview of supporting circuitry and examining in detail diverse millimeter-wave applications, including high-speed wireless communications, radio astronomy, and radar. The vast amount of information now available on millimeter-wave systems can be daunting for researchers and designers entering the field. This book offers readers essential guidance, helping them to gain a thorough understanding based on the most recent research findings and serving as a sound basis for informed decision-making.