Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Demand For Children In Cote Divoire
Download Demand For Children In Cote Divoire full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Demand For Children In Cote Divoire ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Child Labor in Côte D'Ivoire by : Christiaan Grootaert
Download or read book Child Labor in Côte D'Ivoire written by Christiaan Grootaert and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: March 1998 Most children in Côte d'Ivoire perform some kind of work. In rural areas, more than four of five children work, with only a third combining work with schooling. Child labor in Côte d'Ivoire increased in the 1980s because of a severe economic crisis. Two out of three urban children aged 7 to 17 work; half of them also attend school. In rural areas, more than four out of five children work, but only a third of them manage to combine work with schooling. Full-time work is less prevalent, but not negligible. Roughly 7 percent of urban children work full time (an average 46 hours a week). More than a third of rural children work full time (an average of 35 hours a week), with the highest incidence in the Savannah region. The incidence of such full-time work rises with age but is by no means limited to older children. The average age of the full-time child worker in Côte d'Ivoire is 12.7. These children have received an average 1.2 years of schooling. That child is also more likely to be ill or injured and is less likely to receive medical attention than other children. Urban children in the interior cities are far more likely to work and their working hours are much longer. Among rural children, those in the Savannah region (where educational infrastructure lags far behind the rest of the country) are most likely to work. Five factors affect a household's decision to supply child labor: * The age and gender of the child (girls are more likely to work, especially when the head of household is a woman). * The education and employment status of the parents (low parental education is a good targeting variable for interventions). * The availability of within-household employment opportunities. * The household's poverty status. * The household's location (calling for geographical targeting). With improved macroeconomic growth, it is hoped, child labor will decline-but a significant decline could take several generations. Meanwhile, it is important to: * Use a gradual approach toward the elimination of child work by aiming initial interventions at facilitating combined work and schooling. * Support the development of home enterprises as part of poverty alleviation programs, but combine it with incentives for school attendance. * Make school hours and vacation periods flexible (accommodating harvest times) in rural areas. This would also improve children's health. * Improve rural school attendance by having a school in the village rather than 1 to 5 kilometers away. * Improve educational investment in the Savannah. This paper is a product of the Social Development Department. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Child Labor: What Role for Demand-Side Interventions (RPO 680-64). The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Book Synopsis Determinants of Fertility and Child Mortality in Côte D'Ivoire and Ghana by : Kofi Darkwa Benefo
Download or read book Determinants of Fertility and Child Mortality in Côte D'Ivoire and Ghana written by Kofi Darkwa Benefo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the broad range of financial instruments government policymakers can use to avoid commodity price risks caused by fluctuating prices. This hands-on book describes management techniques countries can use to avoid the financial risk that occurs when commodity prices fluctuate dramatically. It illustrates each technique in detail with practical case studies of Colombia, Costa Rica, Hungary, Papua New Guinea, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Venezuela. These financial techniques include short-term instruments and newer methods that let governments evade price risks over longer periods and raise finances that are linked to commodity prices. The new techniques include commodity loans, bonds, swaps, futures, forwards, and options. Policymakers receive clear information about how these financial instruments can manage price risk, provide access to external finance, and lower a country's credit risk. The workbook shows how risk instruments work within traditional stabilization schemes and explains which of the techniques protect against external risk. It also identifies the institutional changes and education requirements governments must meet to use the instruments effectively. This book advances the more theoretical work on the new, longer-term instruments that appears in Commodity Risk Management and Finance, published by the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Published for the World Bank by The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Book Synopsis The Tradeoff Between Number of Children and Child Schooling by : Mark Montgomery
Download or read book The Tradeoff Between Number of Children and Child Schooling written by Mark Montgomery and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study No. 112. Assesses evidence of a negative correlation between the number of children born and levels of child schooling by examining their determinants. In many developing countries, as parents have fewer children, they invest more in the health, education, and welfare of each child. This "quantity-quality tradeoff" is vividly illustrated in the recent economic development of Southeast Asia and Latin America. In Sub-Saharan Africa, however, the existence of such a tradeoff has not been established. The few studies conducted to date reveal either no correlation or a slightly positive one, whereby higher fertility rates are linked to greater schooling per child. This study examines the determinants of fertility and of child schooling in C te d'Ivoire and Ghana to assess evidence of a tradeoff, using data from three surveys conducted between 1985 and 1987. The results are mixed. In C te d'Ivoire, there is evidence of such a tradeoff in urban areas but not rural ones. In urban areas, female schooling, higher income, and improved child survival are associated with lower fertility and higher child schooling. In both rural and urban areas of Ghana, there is a tradeoff between fertility and child schooling with higher incomes, and, in rural Ghana, with increases in mothers' schooling. Also available in French ("La relation entre le nombre des enfants et de la scolarisation: Le cas de la C te d'Ivoire et du Ghana"): (ISBN 0-8213-3374-7) Stock No. 13374.
Book Synopsis Social Dynamics of Adolescent Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa by : National Research Council
Download or read book Social Dynamics of Adolescent Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This examination of changes in adolescent fertility emphasizes the changing social context within which adolescent childbearing takes place.
Book Synopsis Youth in Africa's Labor Market by : Marito H. Garcia
Download or read book Youth in Africa's Labor Market written by Marito H. Garcia and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-04-01 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine the challenges facing Africa's youth in their transition from school to working life, and propose a policy framework for meeting these challenges. Topics covered include the effect of education on employment and income, broadening employment opportunities, and enhancing youth capabilities. The book includes a CD-ROM of case studies of four countries and household data on 13 countries.
Book Synopsis The Impact of the Quality of Health Care on Children's Nutrition and Survival in Ghana by : Victor Lavy
Download or read book The Impact of the Quality of Health Care on Children's Nutrition and Survival in Ghana written by Victor Lavy and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveys the World Bank's experience in supporting developing country civil service reforms and begins to assess the progress made. The World Bank recognizes the importance of the civil service to the general welfare of the 4.6 billion people in low and middle income countries. Between 1981 and 1991, civil service reform was a prominent feature of 90 World Bank lending operations. This paper surveys the Bank's experience in supporting this reform and assesses the progress made. The lending operations concentrated on two separate dimensions: (1) Shorter-term, emergency steps to reform public pay and employment policies, which center on measures to contain the cost and the size of the civil service (2) longer-term civil service strengthening efforts directed toward ongoing, sustained management improvements. After examining the record of these reforms, the authors conclude that the results have been mixed at best. They recommend greater emphasis on devising a coherent, far-reaching strategy for reform and on detailing the set of tactics by which these goals will be achieved.
Book Synopsis Socioeconomic Determinants of Fertility in Côte D'Ivoire by : Martha Ainsworth
Download or read book Socioeconomic Determinants of Fertility in Côte D'Ivoire written by Martha Ainsworth and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impact of schooling and income on fertility in Cote d'Ivoire using data from the 1985 Cote d'Ivoire Living Standards Survey. The first part presents graphically the correlations between fertility and area of residence, female schooling and household income. The second part estimates a reduced form equation in which the number of children ever born is regressed on the mother's age and schooling, the location of the household and household income variables. This equation is estimated using oridinary least squares (OLS), maximum likelihood Tobit and a Poisson count model.
Book Synopsis Child Anthropometry in Côte D'Ivoire by : John Strauss
Download or read book Child Anthropometry in Côte D'Ivoire written by John Strauss and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child heights, weights, and weights given height are tabulated for the Cote d'Ivoire using the Living Standards Survey data for 1985 and 1986. The major finding is the low incidence of stunting (low height for age) relative to other West African nations. Important regional variation exists, but in the poorer Savanna region, levels of stunting are still somewhat lower than in other rural areas of West Africa. Wasting (low weight given height) is more in line with other West African countries, but is far lower than found in South Asia. Several patterns appear in bivariate relationships between certain household and community factors and the incidence of low height or weight. Parental education and height, and relationship of the child to the household head seem especially important.
Book Synopsis Children's Agency and Development in African Societies by : Ofosu-Kus, Yaw
Download or read book Children's Agency and Development in African Societies written by Ofosu-Kus, Yaw and published by CODESRIA. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on African childhood and youth within the context of development and socialization where children are expected to be moulded in the image of adults. In many African societies children are generally held as passive bearers of the demands of adults, regardless of the fact that they are often exposed to a multitude of challenges that originate from the capriciousness of those adults. However, buoyed by international conventions and national legislations that offer them greater protection, and the ubiquitous internet that exposes them to childhood and youth experiences elsewhere, many of them are increasingly becoming assertive in homes, schools, and communities as well as re-invigorating their survival and self-preservation instincts. It is in this regard that this book, through the various chapters, engages with their competencies, skills and creativity to respond to experiential challenges as independent migrants or ones under coercion working in city streets and markets or cocoa farms or juggling work and schooling in pursuit of some education. Confronted with their parents' and siblings' health predicaments and the inadequacies of state and familial care, or urgent negotiation of their sexualities, they demonstrate incredible resilience. Similarly, their perceptiveness is demonstrated in a unique appreciation of politics and its actors and a capacity to assume responsibilities beyond their chronological age. Thus while highlighting some of the challenges confronting African children, the book provides gripping evidence of how they resiliently negotiate those challenges.
Book Synopsis The Demand for Medical Care by : Masako Ii
Download or read book The Demand for Medical Care written by Masako Ii and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 293. Presents a conceptual framework for understanding the impact of health sector reforms in Central and Eastern Europe. The book analyzes the various factors involved in the reforms and presents strategies adopted by many countries of the region during the early phases of the transition era.
Book Synopsis The Demand for Child Health Care in a Developing Country by : Kelly Kay Hallman
Download or read book The Demand for Child Health Care in a Developing Country written by Kelly Kay Hallman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Children and Youth in the Labour Process in Africa by : Osita Agbu
Download or read book Children and Youth in the Labour Process in Africa written by Osita Agbu and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2009 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the sources, dynamics and consequences of exploiting children and youth in selected French speaking African countries and Nigeria. Covers issues of child trafficking, their working on farms, in prostitution, as dancer, etc. Notes ILO's role and relevant Conventions relating to combating child labour.
Book Synopsis Child Migration in Africa by : Iman Hashim
Download or read book Child Migration in Africa written by Iman Hashim and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02-10 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child Migration in Africa explores the mobility of children without their parents within West Africa. Drawing on the experiences of children from rural Burkina Faso and Ghana, the book provides rich material on the circumstances of children's voluntary migration and their experiences of it. Their accounts challenge the normative ideals of what a 'good' childhood is, which often underlie public debates about children's migration, education and work in developing countries. The comparative study of Burkina Faso and Ghana highlights that social networks operate in ways that can be both enabling and constraining for young migrants, as can cultural views on age- and gender-appropriate behaviour. The book questions easily made assumptions regarding children's experiences when migrating independently of their parents and contributes to analytical and cross-cultural understandings of childhood. Part of the groundbreaking Africa Now series, Child Migration in Africa is an important and timely contribution to an under-researched area.
Book Synopsis Children, Youth and Development by : Nicola Ansell
Download or read book Children, Youth and Development written by Nicola Ansell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new updated edition of Children, Youth and Development explores the varied ways in which global processes in the form of development policies, economic and cultural globalisation, and international agreements interact with more locally specific practices to shape the lives of young people living in the poorer regions of the world. It examines these processes, and the effects they have on young people’s lives, in relation to developing theoretical approaches to the study of children and youth. This landmark title brings together the stock of knowledge and approaches to understanding young people’s lives in the context of development and globalization in the majority world for the first time. It introduces different theoretical approaches to the study of young people, and explores the ways in which these, along with predominantly Western conceptions of childhood and youth, have influenced how majority world children have been viewed and treated by international agencies. Contexts of globalisation and growing international inequality are explored, alongside more immediate contexts such as family and peer relationships. Chapters are devoted to groups of children deemed to be in need of protection and to debates concerning children’s rights and their participation in development projects. Young people’s health and education are considered, as is their involvement in work of various kinds, and the impacts of environmental change and hazards (including climate change). The book introduces material and concepts to readers in a very accessible way and within each chapter employs features such as boxed case studies, summaries of key ideas, discussion questions and guides to further resources. This edition has been updated to take account of significant changes in the contexts in which poor children grow up, notably the financial crisis and changing development policy environment, as well as recent theoretical developments. It is aimed at students on higher level undergraduate and postgraduate courses, as well as researchers who are unfamiliar with this area of research and practitioners in organisations working to ameliorate the lives of children in majority world countries.
Book Synopsis Economic Aspects of Child Fostering in Côte D'Ivoire by : Martha Ainsworth
Download or read book Economic Aspects of Child Fostering in Côte D'Ivoire written by Martha Ainsworth and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis State of the World's Children by : UNICEF.
Download or read book State of the World's Children written by UNICEF. and published by UNICEF. This book was released on 2009 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 20 November 2009, the global community celebrates the 20th anniversary of the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the unique document that sets international standards for the care, treatment and protection of all individuals below age 18. To celebrate this landmark, the United Nations Children's Fund is dedicating a special edition of its flagship report The State of the World's Children to examining the Convention's evolution, progress achieved on child rights, challenges remaining, and actions to be taken to ensure that its promise becomes a reality for all children.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis by : Angus Deaton
Download or read book Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis written by Angus Deaton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 2001, staff from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund met with the objective of strengthening collaboration between the two organizations in projects of civil service reform. This strengthened collaboration will have key benefits in ensuring consistency between the conflicting goals of the two organizations, establishing realistic objectives within the reform process, and maintaining a core set of wage and employment data. The principal conclusion arrived at was that World Bank and IMF staff should be engaging in collaboration earlier in the reform process. To guide the collaboration, six foundations were identified. These include: develop a medium-term fiscal framework; foster national ownership by making reforms politically feasible; focus and streamline conditionality; agree on sequencing and timing of reforms; and strengthen data collection. These principals will be tested for effectiveness in several focus countries.
