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Critical Illness Substrates And Amino Acids
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Author :American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Clinical Congress Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (61 download)
Book Synopsis Critical Illness: Substrates and Amino Acids by : American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Clinical Congress
Download or read book Critical Illness: Substrates and Amino Acids written by American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Clinical Congress and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Critical Care and Cancer by : Rifat Latifi
Download or read book Amino Acids in Critical Care and Cancer written by Rifat Latifi and published by R. G. Landes. This book was released on 1994 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the role and function of certain amino acids as applied to the field of surgery. Topics covered include amino acid requirements of critically ill patients; glutamine in surgical nutrition and metabolism; arginine in nutrition and surgery; use of taurine in total parenteral nutrition; dipeptides in clinical nutrition; potential use of nucleosides and nucleotides in parenteral nutrition; current and potential applications of biosynthetic human growth hormone; hepatic encephalopathy; amino acids in renal failure; amino acid therapy in children and neonates; plasma amino acid profile in cancer patients; arginine and ornithine in tumor metabolism and growth; effect of alanylglutamine on tumor growth, cellular immunity and intestinal immune responses; etc.
Book Synopsis The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.
Book Synopsis The Stress Response of Critical Illness: Metabolic and Hormonal Aspects by : Jean-Charles Preiser
Download or read book The Stress Response of Critical Illness: Metabolic and Hormonal Aspects written by Jean-Charles Preiser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates how the latest insights into the physiopathology of the stress response can be integrated into clinical practice. The topic is particularly relevant since the metabolic changes triggered by acute stress, including adaptive responses such as resistance to anabolic signals, have recently been more precisely delineated. The underlying mechanisms of these changes are also now better understood. The authors analyse how these advances could result in better management and more effective prevention of the long-term clinical consequences of the alterations occurring during the acute phase. An international panel of respected experts discusses these topics and describes the management of some common clinical conditions.
Book Synopsis Nutrition in Critical Care by : Peter Faber
Download or read book Nutrition in Critical Care written by Peter Faber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive and practical guidance for managing the nutritional requirements of critically ill patients and thereby improving prognosis.
Book Synopsis Nutritional Interventions with Protein Or Amino Acid Supplementation in Metabolic Stress by : Mengyin Hong
Download or read book Nutritional Interventions with Protein Or Amino Acid Supplementation in Metabolic Stress written by Mengyin Hong and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Background: Metabolic responses to stress result in insulin resistance and net catabolism. Nutritional substrates, such as amino acids (AAs), are reprioritized from anabolism to support immune and stress responses, altering whole-body protein and glucose turnover, nitrogen balance, AA concentrations, hepatic protein synthesis, and glutathione (GSH) metabolism. Stress from inflammatory bowel disease, surgery, and critical illness share some metabolic characteristics. Therefore, a series of studies was designed to investigate: 1) protein and glucose metabolism under malnutrition superimposed with metabolic stress response; and 2) the nutritional and metabolic benefits of protein or AA supplementation. Methods: (Study 1) Colitis piglets (n =16) received a protein-deficient enteral diet for 10 days. They were then randomized to either control or supplementation with adequate protein or N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Protein and glutathione syntheses were measured by L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine and [15N,1,2-13C2]glycine, respectively. (Study 2) Patients undergoing colorectal surgery with (n = 8) or without diabetes (n = 10) received parenteral AAs at 20% of their individually measured resting energy expenditure (REE) perioperatively for 72 hours. (Study 3) Patients undergoing cardiac surgery while on a hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp received parenteral AAs equivalent to either a high dose of 35% (n = 8) or a moderate dose of 20% (n = 8) of REE. (Study 4) Critically ill patients received either exclusive enteral nutrition (n=8) or enteral nutrition combined with parenteral AA supplementation to achieve a total protein intake of 1.75 (n = 9) or 2.5 g/(kg·d) (n = 9). Stable isotope tracers, such as D-[6,6-2H2]glucose, L-[1-13C]leucine and L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine, were infused to determine glucose and protein kinetics in all three patient studies. Results: Protein repletion ameliorated plasma protein and tissue protein turnover and systemic GSH kinetics in piglets with colitis and pre-existing protein deficiency, whereas NAC supplementation alone increased cysteine concentrations, but it did not change GSH status. In patients with colorectal surgery, perioperative supplementation of AA alone improved protein balance in patients with diabetes similar to their non-diabetic counterparts. However, postoperative hyperglycemia was prevented only in patients with good glycemic control, but not in those with poor glycemic control before surgery. In patients receiving a hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp during cardiac surgery, high dose parenteral AAs prevented hypoaminoacidemia. In critically ill patients, high dose parenteral AA ameliorated plasma AA concentrations and improved protein balance compared to exclusive enteral nutrition without supplementation. The dietary protein response (net protein balance) was negatively correlated with clinical scores at ICU admission. Conclusion: Protein or AA supplementation in metabolic stress states improved protein and glucose metabolism. These studies provided insights into the limitations of current nutrition support strategies and a paradigm to improve nutritional interventions to develop optimal regimens. These may be applied in the design and conduct of larger clinical trials"--
Book Synopsis Metabolic Support of the Critically Ill Patient by : Douglas W. Wilmore
Download or read book Metabolic Support of the Critically Ill Patient written by Douglas W. Wilmore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutritional support of critically ill patients is a major treatment modality which will enhance recovery and shorten convalescence. New knowledge has emphasized that much of the organ dysfunction associated with sepsis and altered blood flow is related to oxidative injury. Specific nutrients are highly effective in counteracting these effects and their early administration may attenuate cellular damage and multi-organ failure. Patient outcome may also be enhanced by the route of feeding, administration of newer nutrient combinations, utilization of evolving methods of monitoring and the use of growth factors. This new knowledge has evolved to a new area of metabolic support which is addressed for the first time by a group of international experts. The topics presented and general conclusions are of major importance to the practitioners in this field, for they show, for the first time, a departure from the more traditional approaches of nutritional support in patients with life-threatening diseases.
Book Synopsis Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient by : Gail A. Cresci PhD
Download or read book Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient written by Gail A. Cresci PhD and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated, Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient: A Guide to Practice, Second Edition presents an unbiased, evidence-based examination of critical nutrition across the life cycle. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, each chapter has been carefully designed to provide a comprehensive review of the literature and a de
Book Synopsis Nutrition, Digestion, Metabolism by :
Download or read book Nutrition, Digestion, Metabolism written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrition and Critical Care by : Luc A. Cynober
Download or read book Nutrition and Critical Care written by Luc A. Cynober and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete state-of-the-art manual on nutritional support for ICU patients, the present book, written by internationally renowned specialists, addresses fundamental aspects of the pathophysiological response to injury as well as practical issues of nutritional care. New features include an analysis of gene polymorphism and its possible consequences for the survival of traumatized patients. A better understanding of this process could become a basis for defining new nutritional strategies. Hence the discussion on indications for immune-enhancing diets. Of special interest is the research on copathologies (i.e. obesity) which can change the prognosis of ICU patients who thus require specific nutritional support. Entirely new is the merging of the recommendations of international and national societies (e.g. ASPEN, ESPEN), first realized for this publication. This book is a basic tool for any professional in the field of nutritional care for ICU patients: intensivists, surgeons, pharmacists, dieticians, and PhD students.
Book Synopsis The Scientific Basis for the Care of the Critically Ill by : Rod A. Little
Download or read book The Scientific Basis for the Care of the Critically Ill written by Rod A. Little and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing by : Doug Elliott
Download or read book ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing written by Doug Elliott and published by Elsevier Australia. This book was released on 2007 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed in conjunction with the Australian College of Critical Care Nurses (ACCCN), the text has been written and edited by the most senior and experienced critical care nursing clinicians and academics across the region. ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing is a resource that will foster the development of skilled and confident critical care nurses. This comprehensive text provides detailed coverage of a number of specialty areas within critical care nursing including intensive care, emergency nursing, cardiac nursing, neuroscience nursing and acute care. It will encourage students to be reflective practitioners, ethical decision-makers and providers of evidence-based care. Written by expert clinicians, academics, and educators Pedagogically rich chapters with learning objectives, key terms, case studies, practice tips, article abstracts, learning activities, research vignettes Heavily illustrated and referenced Reflects current clinical practice, policies, procedures and guidelines The text has a patient-centred approach and will provide students with a sound knowledge base and critical thinking skills Image bank of all illustrations from the text will be available to lecturers for teaching
Book Synopsis Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient by : Ph.D., Gail A. Cresci
Download or read book Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient written by Ph.D., Gail A. Cresci and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition Support for the Critically Ill Patient: A Guide to Practice provides state-of-the-art practices and key principles of nutrition support through evidence-based medicine. Following a review of the metabolic alterations that occur during critical illness, this book discusses the nutrient requirements of critically ill patients as well
Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by : Guoyao Wu
Download or read book Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health written by Guoyao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume comprehensively highlights recent advances in the metabolism, nutrition, physiology, and pathobiology of amino acids in all the systems of humans and other animals (including livestock, poultry, companion animals, and fish). It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of amino acids and their metabolites in the health and diseases of the circulatory, digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary systems, as well as the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue). Readers will learn that amino acids are not only the building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules, as well as regulators of gene expression, metabolic processes and developmental changes in the body. This knowledge will guide nutritional practices to improve the growth, development and health of humans and other animals, as well as prevent and treat chronic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders) and infectious (e.g., bacterial, fungal, parasite, and viral) diseases. Editor of this volume is an internationally recognized expert in nutritional biochemistry. He has over 38 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the area of amino acid biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology. He has published more than 625 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 62 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with an H-index of 117 and more than 55,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for professionals as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, biology, human medicine, food science, kinesiology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, veterinary medicine, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to amino acids in systems health for researchers and practitioners in biomedicine, animal and plant agriculture, and aquaculture, and for government policy makers.
Book Synopsis Brain Disorders in Critical Illness by : Robert D. Stevens
Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.
Book Synopsis Metabolism and Artificial Nutrition in the Critically Ill by : G. Guarnieri
Download or read book Metabolism and Artificial Nutrition in the Critically Ill written by G. Guarnieri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critically ill patient in intensive care may present with serious metabolic alterations caused directly by the illness or secondarily by complications (e.g. infections, organ failure or sepsis) developing within a few hours of hospitaliza tion or in the following days. Among the situations which maintain and further trigger rapidly evolving altered metabolism are complex hormonal reactions, particularly those of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis, and abnormal stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. In fact, the sympathetic nervous system is known to cause significant metabolic alterations. For example, a surgery patient afflicted by septic complications may become hypercatabolic and experience significant nitrogen loss; the altered protein metabolism may in turn heavily influence carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well. Thus, it is apparent that for optimal care of patients with altered metabolic functions, further knowledge is necessary regarding the physiopathology of metabolism and the physiopathological mechanisms, which alter the consump tion of principal energy substrates. Many experimental and clinical studies have investigated the metabolic aspects of individual organs or organ systems. However, for a correct evaluation of such metabolic events, in addition to studying the roles of metabolic enzymes, active metabolites, and the glutathione system, it is interesting to consider the use of indirect calorimetry as a valid and important investigative technique. The critically ill patient with major alterations in nutritional status may require artificial nutritive support administered through either parenteral or enteral routes.
Book Synopsis Nutritional Considerations in the Intensive Care Unit by : Scott A. Shikora
Download or read book Nutritional Considerations in the Intensive Care Unit written by Scott A. Shikora and published by Kendall Hunt. This book was released on 2002 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
