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Criteria For Federal Support Of Research And Development
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Author :Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America. Committee on Science and Technology Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :36 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (21 download)
Book Synopsis Criteria for Federal Support of Research and Development by : Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America. Committee on Science and Technology
Download or read book Criteria for Federal Support of Research and Development written by Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America. Committee on Science and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-12-22 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).
Book Synopsis Federal support for research and development by :
Download or read book Federal support for research and development written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Support for Research and Development by : Sheila Marie Campbell
Download or read book Federal Support for Research and Development written by Sheila Marie Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) study, prepared at the request of the Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on the Budget, examines recent trends in federal support for research and development and the current state of knowledge about the economic effects of that support. Private businesses are the largest sponsors of research and development (R & D) in the United States; however, the federal government has long provided significant support for R & D activities to both supplement and encourage private efforts. The government finances research and development through spending and tax benefits that give businesses an incentive to increase their R & D spending. This study addresses questions such as whether the current level of spending is appropriate, what returns taxpayers receive for public investment in R & D, and whether funds are allocated to areas of inquiry and projects that will provide the highest return on that investment.--Preface.
Author :National Science Foundation (U.S.). Division of Science Resources Studies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :88 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis An Analysis of Federal R & D Funding by Function by : National Science Foundation (U.S.). Division of Science Resources Studies
Download or read book An Analysis of Federal R & D Funding by Function written by National Science Foundation (U.S.). Division of Science Resources Studies and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Download or read book Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions by :
Download or read book Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :96 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Manufacturing R&D by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Download or read book Manufacturing R&D written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :68 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis The National Institutes of Research and Advanced Studies by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development
Download or read book The National Institutes of Research and Advanced Studies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Support for Research and Development by : Sheila Campbell
Download or read book Federal Support for Research and Development written by Sheila Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New knowledge and continuing innovation have been major factors in increasing economic well-being. Private businesses are the largest sponsors of research and development (R&D) in the United States, producing the discoveries that in turn lead to new products and services and the growth of productivity; however, the federal government has long provided significant support for R&D activities to both supplement and encourage private efforts. The government finances research and development through spending -- fiscal year 2007 appropriations for R&D activities total $137 billion -- and tax benefits that give businesses an incentive to increase their R&D spending. Studies of federally supported R&D provide multifaceted but incomplete answers to questions about those governmental activities: whether the current level of spending is appropriate, what returns taxpayers receive for public investment in R&D, and whether funds are allocated to areas of inquiry and projects that will provide the highest return on that investment. Results of the Congressional Budget Office's (CBO's) economic analysis of federal support for R&D and its review of trends in the data over time indicate the following: Over the 1953-2004 period as a whole, federal spending for R&D has grown, on average, as fast as the overall economy; Distinguishing between research and development is important in evaluating the effectiveness of the government's R&D spending and the benefits it may provide; Federal funding of research -- particularly of basic research -- is generally viewed favorably because of its large potential for spillovers and the corresponding economic benefits; Studies of federal spending for basic research in the past, particularly studies of research conducted at academic institutions, have estimated that the average returns from that spending exceed the returns that might have been gained had those resources been put to other uses.
Book Synopsis Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Download or read book Federal Support of Research and Development at Universities and Colleges and Selected Nonprofit Institutions written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Technology Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :384 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Funding Needs for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Parts I and II by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Technology
Download or read book Funding Needs for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Parts I and II written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Technology and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Support for Academic Research by : Christine M. Matthews
Download or read book Federal Support for Academic Research written by Christine M. Matthews and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-10-20 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the time of Vannevar Bush and his 1945 report on U.S. science policy, academic research has played a role in the nation's economy. Vannevar Bush's report, Science the Endless Frontier, maintained that major investments in research should be made to the nation's universities. He stated that the research capacity of the colleges and universities was significantly important to long-term national interests. Currently, some Members of Congress have expressed concern about the health and competitiveness of the nation's colleges and universities. There are those who continue to maintain that the long-term competitiveness of the nation is linked to the strength of the academic research infrastructure. It has been shown that academic research is integrated into the economy and impacts at both the local and national level. By one estimate, approximately 80% of leading industries have resulted from research conducted at colleges and universities. Colleges and universities are the primary performers of basic research, with the federal government being the largest funding source. In FY2008, the federal government provided approximately 60% of an estimated $51.9 billion of research and development funds expended by academic institutions. When measured in current dollars, federal academic support increased by 2.5% between FY2007 and FY2008. When inflation is taken into account, it equates to an increase of 0.2% from FY2007 to FY2008 following two years of decline in constant dollars since FY2005. An issue before the 112th Congress is that with further budget reductions expected, how does the nation best reduce the budget while adjusting the support for research conducted at colleges and universities?
Book Synopsis Reviews of Data on Research & Development by :
Download or read book Reviews of Data on Research & Development written by and published by . This book was released on 1960-04 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government-university Relationships in Federally Sponsored Scientific Research and Development by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Download or read book Government-university Relationships in Federally Sponsored Scientific Research and Development written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trends in Federal Support of Research and Graduate Education by : National Research Council
Download or read book Trends in Federal Support of Research and Graduate Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-30 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Board on Science, Technology and Economic Policy updated its 1999 analysis (Appendix A, Securing America's Industrial Strength, 1999) of changes since 1990 in the distribution of federal research funding by field of science and engineering) by incorporating FY 1998 and FY 1999 obligations from the NSF Federal Funds survey, with particular attention to the trends in basic research support, changes in research fields' relative dependence on research-sponsoring agencies, and the relationship between changes in research support and changes in enrollment in graduate training in selected fields of research. The Board did not recommend funding levels for any discipline but addressed procedural aspects of R&D budgeting.
Book Synopsis University Funding by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book University Funding written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
