Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781470193294
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication by : Barbara Reynolds

Download or read book Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication written by Barbara Reynolds and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally designed for communicating public health information associated with communicable diseases, this book covers essential topics concerning media relations for public and private sector public information officers. Topics include: Introduction to Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication-Types of crisis and communications during a crisis, the risk of disaster, emergency/crisis/risk communications, the crisis communications lifecycle-pre-crisis phase, initial phase, crisis maintenance, resolution, and evaluation. Psychology of a Crisis-Human behavior in an emergency, decision making, perception of risk, facts to consider about human psychology in a crisis, and how to communicate effectively in a crisis. The Crisis Communication Plan-Developing an emergency/crisis communication plan, Information verification and clearance/approval procedures, agreements on information release authorities (who releases what/when/how, procedures to secure needed resources (space, equipment, people) to operate the public information. The nine steps of crisis response. Surviving the first 48 hours of an emergency: Be first, be right, be credible. The Role of the Spokesperson- The role of the spokesperson in an emergency, what makes a good spokesperson, general recommendations for spokespersons in all settings, pitfalls for spokespersons during an emergency, when emotions and accusations run high in an emergency public meeting, what spokespersons should know when talking through the media, general media interview pitfalls, media opportunity or press conference tips, counters to electronic media interview techniques, radio interview tips, television interview tips, what to wear on television, assessing your communication skills and habits, facial expressions, voice cues, body positions and movements, and effective nonverbal communication. Working With the Media- Think local media first, what do reporters want, getting emergency information to the media, the press conference or media opportunity, telephone news conferences/Web casts, commercial press release services, E-mail listservs and broadcast faxes, Web sites/video streaming, and responding to media calls. Writing For the Media During a Crisis- What your media release should include, press statements are not press releases, media factsheets/backgrounders, visuals, video press releases, and B-roll. Press Conferences- Where to hold the press conference, whom to invite, how and when to invite the media, how to conduct the media opportunity, using visuals and handouts.

Social Media Use In Crisis and Risk Communication

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Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787562697
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Media Use In Crisis and Risk Communication by : Harald Hornmoen

Download or read book Social Media Use In Crisis and Risk Communication written by Harald Hornmoen and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2018-10-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and is freely available to read online. Presenting research on social media use in crisis and risk cases: a terrorist attack, a natural disaster and an infectious disease of international concern, this book investigates how social media plays a crucial role in mitigating or preventing crises.

Communicating Risk in Public Health Emergencies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241550208
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Communicating Risk in Public Health Emergencies by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Communicating Risk in Public Health Emergencies written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "During public health emergencies, people need to know what health risks they face, and what actions they can take to protect their health and lives. Accurate information provided early, often, and in languages and channels that people understand, trust and use, enables individuals to make choices and take actions to protect themselves, their families and communities from threatening health hazards." -- Publisher's description.

Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000153088
Total Pages : 653 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication by : Robert L. Heath

Download or read book Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication written by Robert L. Heath and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication explores the scope and purpose of risk, and its counterpart, crisis, to facilitate the understanding of these issues from conceptual and strategic perspectives. Recognizing that risk is a central feature of our daily lives, found in relationships, organizations, governments, the environment, and a wide variety of interactions, contributors to this volume explore such questions as "What is likely to happen, to whom, and with what consequences?" "To what extent can science and vigilance prevent or mitigate negative outcomes?" and "What obligation do some segments of local, national, and global populations have to help other segments manage risks?", shedding light on the issues in the quest for definitive answers. The Handbook offers a broad approach to the study of risk and crisis as joint concerns. Chapters explore the reach of crisis and risk communication, define and examine key constructs, and parse the contexts of these vital areas. As a whole, the volume presents a comprehensive array of studies that highlight the standard principles and theories on both topics, serving as the largest effort to date focused on engaging risk communication discussions in a comprehensive manner. Now available in paperback, the Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication can be readily used in graduate coursework and individual research programs. With perspectives from psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, economics, and communication, the Handbook provides vital insights for all disciplines studying risk, and is required reading for scholars and researchers investigating risk and crisis in various contexts.

Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations: Evidence-Based Strategies and Practice

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119081793
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations: Evidence-Based Strategies and Practice by : Vincent T. Covello

Download or read book Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations: Evidence-Based Strategies and Practice written by Vincent T. Covello and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COMMUNICATING IN R!SK, CRISIS, AND HIGH STRESS SITUATIONS LEARN THE UNIFYING PRINCIPLES BEHIND RISK, CRISIS, AND HIGH STRESS COMMUNICATION WITH THIS STATE-OF-THE-ART REFERENCE WRITTEN BY A MAJOR LEADER IN THE FIELD Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations: Evidence-Based Strategies and Practice is about communicating with people in the most challenging circumstances: high stress situations characterized by high risks and high stakes. The ability to communicate effectively in a high stress situation is an essential communication competency for managers, engineers, scientists, and professionals in every field who can be thrust into demanding situations complicated by stress. Whether you are confronting an external crisis, an internal emergency, or leading organizational change, this book was written for you. Communicating in Risk, Crisis, and High Stress Situations brings together in one resource proven scientific research with practical, hands-on guidance from a world leader in the field. The book covers such critical topics as trust, stakeholder engagement, misinformation, messaging, and audience perceptions in the context of stress. This book is uniquely readable, thorough, and useful, thanks to features that include: Evidence-based theories and concepts that underlie and guide practice Tools and guidelines for practical and effective planning and application Experience-based advice for facing challenges posed by mainstream and social media Provocative case studies that bring home the key principles and strategies Illuminating case diaries that use the author’s breadth and depth of experience to create extraordinary learning opportunities The book is a necessity for managers, engineers, scientists, and others who must communicate difficult technical concepts to a concerned public. It also belongs on the bookshelves of leaders and communicators in public and private sector organizations looking for a one-stop reference and evidence-based practical guide for communicating effectively in emotionally charged situations. Written by a highly successful academic, consultant, and trainer, the book is also designed as a resource for training and education.

Communicating in a Crisis

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437903487
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Communicating in a Crisis by : Robert DeMartino

Download or read book Communicating in a Crisis written by Robert DeMartino and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A resource for public officials on the basic tenets of effective communications generally and on working with the news media specifically. Focuses on providing public officials with a brief orientation and perspective on the media and how they think and work, and on the public as the end-recipient of info.; concise presentations of techniques for responding to and cooperating with the media in conveying info. and delivering messages, before, during, and after a public health crisis; a practical guide to the tools of the trade of media relations and public communications; and strategies and tactics for addressing the probable opportunities and the possible challenges that are likely to arise as a consequence of such communication initiatives. Ill.

Crisis Communication

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315351285
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis Communication by : Kjell Brataas

Download or read book Crisis Communication written by Kjell Brataas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crisis Communication is an in-depth examination of recent tragedies and natural disasters that have occurred around the globe. The book covers three types of incidents: natural catastrophes, accidents and terror attacks. It focuses on the communication aspect of each incident and provides accounts from people handling the event. Each chapter offers a detailed description of the event and supplementary facts and illustrations from a variety of sources. With a focus on critical communication elements and lessons learned, Brataas offers valuable advice - based on personal experience with natural disasters, accidents and terror attacks - on some of the most effective ways to prepare for and deal with a crisis. Topics range from interview situations and social media to victim support and active shooter events. This book will be invaluable to those working in public relations and communications, as well as to those working with human resources and general management.

Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781678028152
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication by : U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Download or read book Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication written by U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives leaders the tools to navigate the harsh realities of speaking to the public, media, partners and stakeholders during an intense public-safety emergency, including terrorism. In a crisis, the right message at the right time is a Òresource multiplierÓÑit helps response officials get their job done. Many of the predictable harmful individual and community behaviors can be mitigated with effective crisis and emergency risk communication. Each crisis will carry its own psychological baggage. A leader must anticipate what mental stresses the population will be experiencing and apply appropriate communication strategies to attempt to manage these stresses in the population. Nowhere in this book is there an implied promise that a population or community faced with an emergency, crisis, or disaster will overcome its challenges solely through the application of the communication principles presented here.

Effective Crisis Communication

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1412980348
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Effective Crisis Communication by : Robert R. Ulmer

Download or read book Effective Crisis Communication written by Robert R. Ulmer and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fully updated Second Edition, three of today’s most respected crisis/risk communication scholars provide the latest theory, practice, and innovative approaches for handling crisis. This acclaimed book presents the discourse of renewal as a theory to manage crises effectively. The book provides 15 in-depth case studies that highlight successes and failures in dealing with core issues of crisis leadership, managing uncertainty, communicating effectively, understanding risk, promoting communication ethics, enabling organizational learning, and producing renewing responses to crisis. Unlike other crisis communication texts, this book answers the question, “What now?” and explains how organizations can and should emerge from crisis.

Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication by : Barbara Reynolds

Download or read book Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication written by Barbara Reynolds and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public wants to know what the responders know during a public health crisis. They view every move and watch every passing emotion of those responding during a disaster, crisis, or emergency. In a crisis, every word counts. Our job as public health and emergency communicators is to offer the information the public needs and counter some of the harmful behaviors that are common during an emergency, so we can effectively support the public, our colleagues, and the organizations that are offering help. The material here cannot promise that you, as a community leader faced with an emergency, crisis, or disaster, will overcome all communication challenges in a crisis by reading this book. However, by applying crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC) principles, you can learn what to say, when to say it, and how to say it to help you preserve or win the public's trust. More importantly, it can save lives. CERC is a term used to cover both the urgency of crisis communication and the need to explain risks and benefits to stakeholders and the public. Today's public and your stakeholders demand immediate and credible communication in real time during a crisis response.

Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309145481
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-23 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influenza pandemic caused by the 2009 H1N1 virus underscores the immediate and critical need to prepare for a public health emergency in which thousands, tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands of people suddenly seek and require medical care in communities across the United States. Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations draws from a broad spectrum of expertise-including state and local public health, emergency medicine and response, primary care, nursing, palliative care, ethics, the law, behavioral health, and risk communication-to offer guidance toward establishing standards of care that should apply to disaster situations, both naturally occurring and man-made, under conditions in which resources are scarce. This book explores two case studies that illustrate the application of the guidance and principles laid out in the report. One scenario focuses on a gradual-onset pandemic flu. The other scenario focuses on an earthquake and the particular issues that would arise during a no-notice event. Outlining current concepts and offering guidance, this book will prove an asset to state and local public health officials, health care facilities, and professionals in the development of systematic and comprehensive policies and protocols for standards of care in disasters when resources are scarce. In addition, the extensive operations section of the book provides guidance to clinicians, health care institutions, and state and local public health officials for how crisis standards of care should be implemented in a disaster situation.

Public Response to Alerts and Warnings on Mobile Devices

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185130
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Response to Alerts and Warnings on Mobile Devices by : National Research Council

Download or read book Public Response to Alerts and Warnings on Mobile Devices written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a summary of the Workshop on Public Response to Alerts and Warnings on Mobile Devices: Current Knowledge and Research Gaps, held April 13 and 14, 2010, in Washington, D.C., under the auspices of the National Research Council's Committee on Public Response to Alerts and Warnings on Mobile Devices: Current Knowledge and Research Needs. The workshop was structured to gather inputs and insights from social science researchers, technologists, emergency management professionals, and other experts knowledgeable about how the public responds to alerts and warnings, focusing specifically on how the public responds to mobile alerting.

Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0124079253
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World by : George Haddow

Download or read book Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World written by George Haddow and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-12-14 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communications are key to the success of disaster mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Accurate information disseminated to the general public, to elected officials and community leaders, as well as to the media, reduces risk, saves lives and property, and speeds recovery. Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World, Second Edition, provides valuable information for navigating these priorities in the age of evolving media. The emergence of new media like the Internet, email, blogs, text messaging, cell phone photos, and the increasing influence of first informers are redefining the roles of government and media. The tools and rules of communications are evolving, and disaster communications must also evolve to accommodate these changes and exploit the opportunities they provide. Disaster Communications in a Changing Media World, Second Edition, illuminates the path to effective disaster communication, including the need for transparency, increased accessibility, trustworthiness and reliability, and partnerships with the media. Includes case studies from recent disasters including Hurricane Sandy, the 2011 tsunami in Japan, and the Boston Marathon bombings Demonstrates how to use blogs, text messages, and cell phone cameras, as well as government channels and traditional media, to communicate during a crisis Examines current social media programs conducted by FEMA, the American Red Cross, state and local emergency managers, and the private sector Updated information in each chapter, especially on how social media has emerged as a force in disaster communications

Risk and Crisis Communication

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Publisher : Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781465286444
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk and Crisis Communication by : Kenneth A. Lachlan

Download or read book Risk and Crisis Communication written by Kenneth A. Lachlan and published by Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risks are all around us. From catastrophic weather events to gun violence, from infrastructure failings to financial devastation...we live with the threat of risk every day. How do we get those who are at risk, or who have already been impacted by crisis, to do what they need to do to minimize the risk? We need to get information to the right audience, get them to take the risk seriously, and get them to act in a manner that makes sense. There is a distinction between crisis communication and risk communication, and that is an important point that is discussed throughout the text. Risk and Crisis Communication explores the different types of crisis and risk communication, the manner in which it affects different audiences, various ways of understanding these communicator efforts, and best practices in communicating in a manner that minimizes harm.

Communication in Times of Trouble

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119229243
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Communication in Times of Trouble by : Matthew W. Seeger

Download or read book Communication in Times of Trouble written by Matthew W. Seeger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the best practices of crisis communication and emergency risk communication This book covers crisis communication strategies and focuses on practical applications for effective management. It includes an extensive discussion of best practices in pre-crisis, crisis and post crisis stages. The book pays special attention to the needs of meeting the needs of diverse audiences and communicating in a responsive and responsible way. The principles are appropriate for many kinds of events including earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, tsunamis, epidemics, and pandemics as well as industrial accidents, toxic spills, transportation disasters, fires and intentional events. In the first chapter, Communication in Times of Trouble introduces the concept of best practices and establishes their relevance for crisis communication and emergency risk communication. A chapter is dedicated to each of the ten best practices. In each chapter, the best practice is described, examples of successful and unsuccessful application of the best practice in both organizational crises and natural disasters/emergencies are provided, advice for practical application is given, and a summary is provided. The concluding chapter details the challenges and opportunities for developing and implementing a response strategy that includes the best practices as a whole. Focuses on application and explanation in crisis communication to benefit those with backgrounds in emergency management, risk management, political science, disaster sociology, and public health Covers natural, large-scale emergencies such as earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, tsunamis, epidemics, and pandemics, which aren’t generally detailed in existing crisis communication texts Presents 10 best practices for dealing with emergencies: Process Approach; Pre-Event Planning; Partnerships; Public Concern; Honesty; Collaborate; Media access; Compassion; Uncertainty; Empowerment Communication in Times of Trouble will be of great interest to undergraduate students and practitioners in communication, public relations, public affairs, public information, public health, and emergency management.

Risk Communication

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119456150
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Communication by : Regina E. Lundgren

Download or read book Risk Communication written by Regina E. Lundgren and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE ESSENTIAL HANDBOOK FOR EFFECTIVELY COMMUNICATING ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY, AND HEALTH RISKS, FULLY REVISED AND UPDATED Now in its sixth edition, Risk Communication has proven to be a valuable resource for people who are tasked with the responsibility of understanding how to apply the most current approaches to care, consensus, and crisis communication. The sixth edition updates the text with fresh and illustrative examples, lessons learned, and recent research as well as provides advice and guidelines for communicating risk information in the United States and other countries. The authors help readers understand the basic theories and practices of risk communication and explain how to plan an effective strategy and put it into action. The book also contains information on evaluating risk communication efforts and explores how to communicate risk during and after an emergency. Risk Communication brings together in one resource proven scientific research with practical, hands-on guidance from practitioners with over 30 years of experience in the field. This important guide: Provides new examples of communication plans in government and industry, use of social media, dealing with "fake news," and new digital tools for stakeholder involvement and crisis communications Contains a new chapter on partnerships which covers topics such as assigning roles and expectations, ending partnerships, and more Presents real-world case studies with key lessons all risk communicators can apply. Written for engineers, scientists, professors and students, land use planners, public health practitioners, communication specialists, consultants, and regulators, the revised sixth edition of Risk Communication is the must-have guide for those who communicate risks.

Crisis Communication

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Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110552523
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis Communication by : Finn Frandsen

Download or read book Crisis Communication written by Finn Frandsen and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finn Frandsen and Winni Johansen have won the 2019 Danish communication prize (KOM-pris) for their world-class research in organisational crises, crisis management and crisis communication. This prize is awarded by The Danish Union of Journalists (Dansk Journalistforbund) and Kforum. http://mgmt.au.dk/nyheder/nyheder/news-item/artikel/finn-frandsen-and-winni-johansen-win-the-kom-pris-2019/ The aim of this handbook is to provide an up-to-date introduction to the discipline of crisis communication. Based on the most recent international research and through a series of levels (from the textual to the inter-societal level), this handbook introduces the reader to the most important concepts, models, theories and debates within the field of crisis communication. Crisis communication is a young and very vibrant field of research and practice. It is therefore crucial that researchers, students and practitioners have access to presentations and discussions of the most recent research. Like the other handbooks in the HOCS series, this handbook contains a general introduction, a chapter on the history of crisis communication research, a series of thematic chapters on crisis communication research at various levels, a chapter perspectives, a glossary of key terms, and lists of further reading for each chapter (with references to publications in English, German, and French). Overview Section I – Introducing the field General introduction A brief history of crisis management and crisis communication: From organizational practice to academic discipline Reframing the field: Public crisis management, political crisis management, and corporate crisis management Section II – Between text and context Image repair theory Situational crisis communication theory: Influences, provenance, evolution, and prospects Contingency theory: Evolution from a public relations theory to a theory of strategic conflict management Discourse of renewal: Understanding the theory’s implications for the field of crisis communication Making sense of crisis sensemaking theory: Weick’s contributions to the study of crisis communication Arenas and voices in organizational crisis communication: How far have we come? Visual crisis communication Section III – Organizational level To minimize or mobilize? The trade-offs associated with the crisis communication process Internal crisis communication: On current and future research Whistleblowing in organizations Employee reactions to negative media coverage Crisis communication and organizational resilience Section IV – Interorganizational level Fixing the broken link: Communication strategies for supply chain crises Reputational interdependence and spillover: Exploring the contextual challenges of spillover crisis response Crisis management consulting: An emerging field of study Section V – Societal level Crisis and emergency risk communication: Past, present, and future Crisis communication in public organizations Communicating and managing crisis in the world of politics Crisis communication and the political scandal Crisis communication and social media: Short history of the evolution of social media in crisis communication Mass media and their symbiotic relationship with crisis Section VI – Intersocietal level Should CEOs of multinationals be spokespersons during an overseas product harm crisis? Intercultural and multicultural approaches to crisis communication Section VII – Critical approaches Ethics in crisis communication Section VIII – The future The future of organizational crises, crisis management and crisis communication For a detailed table of contents, please see here.