Crime And Violence In Central Americas Northern Triangle

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Crime and Violence in Central America's Northern Triangle

Author : Cristina Eguizábel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781938027420
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (274 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime and Violence in Central America's Northern Triangle by : Cristina Eguizábel

Download or read book Crime and Violence in Central America's Northern Triangle written by Cristina Eguizábel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The countries of Central America's Northern Triangle, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, face challenges ranging from some of the world's highest homicide rates, rampant extortion, communities controlled by youth gangs, domestic violence, impunity for most crimes, as well as economic despair and lack of opportunity. Over the past year, the Woodrow Wilson Center's Latin American Program has undertaken an extensive review of the principal United States security assistance program for the region, the Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI). This review has focused on the major security challenges in the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras and how CARSI seeks to address these. This publication includes country reports on each country including a review of the current in-country security context, as well as assessing CARSI's effectiveness for addressing these challenges. The report also includes a chapter providing an in-depth analysis of the geographic distribution of homicides and an examination of how such an analysis can help policy makers design more effective targeted strategies to lower violence. A final chapter outlining policy options for the future completes the report.

Countering Criminal Violence in Central America

Author : Michael Shifter
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
ISBN 13 : 0876095244
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Countering Criminal Violence in Central America by : Michael Shifter

Download or read book Countering Criminal Violence in Central America written by Michael Shifter and published by Council on Foreign Relations. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Violent crime in Central America -- particularly in the "northern triangle" of Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala -- is reaching breathtaking levels. Murder rates in the region are among the highest in the world. To a certain extent, Central America's predicament is one of geography -- it is sandwiched between some of the world's largest drug producers in South America and the world's largest consumer of illegal drugs, the United States. The region is awash in weapons and gunmen, and high rates of poverty ensure substantial numbers of willing recruits for organized crime syndicates. Weak, underfunded, and sometimes corrupt governments struggle to keep up with the challenge. Though the United States has offered substantial aid to Central American efforts to address criminal violence, it also contributes to the problem through its high levels of drug consumption, relatively relaxed gun control laws, and deportation policies that have sent home more than a million illegal migrants with violent records. This report assesses the causes and consequences of the violence faced by several Central American countries and examines the national, regional, and international efforts intended to curb its worst effects"--Page vii.

Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean by :

Download or read book Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is one of several studies conducted by UNODC on organized crime threats around the world. These studies describe what is known about the mechanics of contraband trafficking - the what, who, how, and how much of illicit flows - and discuss their potential impact on governance and development. Their primary role is diagnostic, but they also explore the implications of these findings for policy. Publisher's note.

Organized Crime in Central America

Author : Cynthia J. Arnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Organized Crime in Central America by : Cynthia J. Arnson

Download or read book Organized Crime in Central America written by Cynthia J. Arnson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication attempts to create a better understanding of the nature, origins, and evolution of organized crime in Central America by examining the dynamics of organized crime in the three countries of the so-called Northern Triangle, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, as well as the broader regional context that links these case studies. The authors investigate the challenge organized crime poses to the state, its institutions, and governability in general. This publication is part of a series on the sub-regional dynamics of organized crime, focusing especially on the linkages between Central America, Mexico, and the Andean region as well as the growing insertion of Latin America in global transnational crime networks.

Gangs in Central America

Author : Clare Ribando Seelke
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437927637
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangs in Central America by : Clare Ribando Seelke

Download or read book Gangs in Central America written by Clare Ribando Seelke and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Background on Violent Crime; (2) Scope of the Gang Problem: Defining Gangs; Transnational Gangs; Factors Exacerbating the Gang Problem; Poverty and a Lack of Educ. and Employ. Opport.; Societal Stigmas; Role of the Media; Anti-Gang Law Enforce. Efforts; Prisons in Need of Reform; U.S. Deportations; (3) Country Anti-Gang Efforts: Mano Dura (Heavy-Handed) Anti-Gang Policies; Effects of Mano Dura Policies?; Alternative Approaches; Prospects for Country Prevention and Rehab. Efforts; Regional and Multilateral Efforts; OAS; Multilateral Develop. Banks and Donor Agencies; (4) U.S. Policy: Congressional Interest; U.S. Internat. Anti-Gang Efforts; State Dept.; Justice Dept.; USAID; Policy Approaches and Concerns.

Achieving Growth and Security in the Northern Triangle of Central America

Author : Christina Perkins
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442279818
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Achieving Growth and Security in the Northern Triangle of Central America by : Christina Perkins

Download or read book Achieving Growth and Security in the Northern Triangle of Central America written by Christina Perkins and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Northern Triangle of Latin America, consisting of El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala, has experienced overwhelming challenges to economic growth and development. Gang violence is the root of many of these challenges, and the cost of hiring security forces for individuals and businesses creates a significant tax on the economy of these three countries. Beyond this drain on the region’s finances, the Northern Triangle is considered one of the most dangerous places on the planet, excluding active war zones. The interrelated issues of violence, poverty, and slow economic growth have led to high rates of emigration from the region, such as during the summer of 2014 when thousands of unaccompanied minors entered the United States. This study examines all these issues and goes on to explore connections to the successes of Plan Colombia. Specifically, it considers the opportunity for a “Plan Colombia for the Northern Triangle” to generate long-term economic growth, personal safety, and political stability and accountability in the region.

The Construction of the Maras

Author : Antonia Does
Publisher : Graduate Institute Publications
ISBN 13 : 2940503354
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis The Construction of the Maras by : Antonia Does

Download or read book The Construction of the Maras written by Antonia Does and published by Graduate Institute Publications. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High levels of crime and violence in Central America’s northern triangle are a major preoccupation of politicians, policy-makers and citizens. Public authorities in El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala have sought repressive measures to increase public safety and to contain such violence, for which youth gangs (maras) are principally held responsible. Substantiated by interviews with key stakeholders in Geneva, Switzerland, this desk review offers a comprehensive understanding of the motivations and the intended effects behind the suppressive strategies of the respective governments. Viewing the gang phenomenon through the lens of securitization theory allows for a new understanding of how the maras are dealt with. This paper also traces how the concerned states have shaped a certain construction of these gangs and reveals a blurred line between the political and the security sectors. The analysis finds that interests other than combatting a security threat, as well as the particular historical and societal contexts of the three countries, decisively influence how the maras issue is addressed.

Homicidal Ecologies

Author : Deborah J. Yashar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107178479
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Homicidal Ecologies by : Deborah J. Yashar

Download or read book Homicidal Ecologies written by Deborah J. Yashar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin America has among the world's highest homicide rates. The author analyzes the illicit organizations, complicit and weak states, and territorial competition that generate today's violent homicidal ecologies.

Homies and Hermanos

Author : Robert Brenneman
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199753849
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Homies and Hermanos by : Robert Brenneman

Download or read book Homies and Hermanos written by Robert Brenneman and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the tools of sociological theory, Robert Brenneman seeks to discover why a pot-smoking, gun-wielding "homie" gang member would want to trade in la vida loca for a Bible and the buttoned-down lifestyle of an evangelical hermano (brother in Christ) - and to what extent this strategy works for the many youth who have tried it.

The Violence of Development

Author : Martin Mowforth
Publisher : Pluto Press
ISBN 13 : 9780745333946
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (339 download)

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Book Synopsis The Violence of Development by : Martin Mowforth

Download or read book The Violence of Development written by Martin Mowforth and published by Pluto Press. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Violence of Development examines the failure of 'development' in Central America, where despite billions of dollars of development funding and positive indicators of economic growth, poverty remains entrenched and violence endemic. Martin Mowforth shows how development is predicated on force and systematic violence with which the world's most powerful governments, financial institutions and companies punish the global south through economic gangsterism. Crucially, the analysis in The Violence of Development comes from many development project case studies and over sixty interviews with a range of people in Central America, including nuns, politicians, NGO representatives, trade unionists, indigenous leaders and human rights defenders. This book is a compelling synthesis of first-hand research and development theory.

Mano Dura

Author : Sonja Wolf
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477311661
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Mano Dura by : Sonja Wolf

Download or read book Mano Dura written by Sonja Wolf and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992, at the end of a twelve-year civil war, El Salvador was poised for a transition to democracy. Yet, after longstanding dominance by a small oligarchy that continually used violence to repress popular resistance, El Salvador’s democracy has proven to be a fragile one, as social ills (poverty chief among them) have given rise to neighborhoods where gang activity now thrives. Mano Dura examines the ways in which the ruling ARENA party used gang violence to solidify political power in the hands of the elite—culminating in draconian “iron fist” antigang policies that undermine human rights while ultimately doing little to address the roots of gang membership. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork and policy analysis, Mano Dura examines the activities of three nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that have advocated for more nuanced policies to eradicate gangs and the societal issues that are both a cause and an effect of gang proliferation. While other studies of street gangs have focused on relatively distant countries such as Colombia, Argentina, and Jamaica, Sonja Wolf’s research takes us to a country closer to the United States, where forced deportation has brought with it US gang culture. Charting the limited success of NGOs in influencing El Salvador’s security policies, the book brings to light key contextual aspects—including myopic media coverage and the ironic populist support for ARENA, despite the party’s protection of the elite at the expense of the greater society.

Central American Gangs

Author : Peter Katel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Central American Gangs by : Peter Katel

Download or read book Central American Gangs written by Peter Katel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young people fleeing Central America's so-called Northern Triangle countries -- El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras -- for the United States tell of life made unliveable by violent street gangs, stratospheric homicide rates, extortion threats and official corruption. The violence has washed over into the United States, where Barrio-18 and MS-13 -- rival gangs with roots in both Southern California and Central America -- have committed murder and mayhem in Los Angeles and other American cities. Though Central American civil wars and state-sponsored death squads were major news in the 1980s and '90s, most Americans only became aware of the present crisis last year, when tens of thousands of young migrants -- many of them children traveling alone -- poured over the U.S. border, seeking asylum. The Obama administration is funding a preventive strategy aimed at curbing gang violence in Central America, a contrast to the enforcement-heavy "Iron Fist" approach used in the region, now widely questioned. Critics are skeptical about the new U.S. strategy, and few experts expect the crisis to ease anytime soon.

A History of Violence

Author : Oscar Martinez
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 1784781711
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Violence by : Oscar Martinez

Download or read book A History of Violence written by Oscar Martinez and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2017-04-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A necessary read.” —Los Angeles Review of Books “A chilling portrait of corruption, unimaginable brutality and impunity.” —Financial Times This revelatory and heartbreaking immersion into the lives of people enduring extreme violence in Central America is a powerful call for immigration policy reform in the United States El Salvador and Honduras have had the highest homicide rates in the world over the past ten years, with Guatemala close behind. Every day more than 1,000 people—men, women, and children—flee these three countries for North America. Óscar Martínez, author of The Beast, named one of the best books of the year by the Economist, Mother Jones, and the Financial Times, fleshes out these stark figures with true stories, producing a jarringly beautiful and immersive account of life in deadly locations. Martínez travels to Nicaraguan fishing towns, southern Mexican brothels where Central American women are trafficked, isolated Guatemalan jungle villages, and crime-ridden Salvadoran slums. With his precise and empathetic reporting, he explores the underbelly of these troubled places. He goes undercover to drink with narcos, accompanies police patrols, rides in trafficking boats and hides out with a gang informer. The result is an unforgettable portrait of a region of fear and a subtle analysis of the North American roots and reach of the crisis, helping to explain why this history of violence should matter to all of us.

Central America Regional Security Initiative

Author : Peter J. Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Central America Regional Security Initiative by : Peter J. Meyer

Download or read book Central America Regional Security Initiative written by Peter J. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the extent of the security problems in Central America, the current efforts being undertaken by Central American governments to address them, and U.S. support for Central American efforts through the Central America Regional Security Initiative. It also raises potential policy issues for congressional consideration such as funding levels, human rights concerns, and how CARSI relates to other U.S. government policies.

Central America

Author : Government Accountability Government Accountability Office
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781502967770
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (677 download)

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Book Synopsis Central America by : Government Accountability Government Accountability Office

Download or read book Central America written by Government Accountability Government Accountability Office and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The security situation in Central America has continued to deteriorate in recent years as Mexican drug trafficking organizations, transnational gangs, and other criminal groups have expanded their activities, contributing to escalating levels of crime and violence. Violence is particularly high in the "northern triangle" countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, with homicide rates among the highest in the world. Efforts to counter illicit trafficking in Colombia and Mexico created an environment that became increasingly inhospitable to drug trafficking organizations, forcing criminal groups to displace operations into Central America where they could exploit institutional weaknesses.

Dangerous Liaisons

Author : Kevin Casas-Zamora
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815725302
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Dangerous Liaisons by : Kevin Casas-Zamora

Download or read book Dangerous Liaisons written by Kevin Casas-Zamora and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between criminal syndicates and politicians has a long history, including episodes even from the earliest years of America's colonies. But while organized crime may not get the headlines it once did in North America, the resurgence of such criminal activity in Latin America, and in some European nations, has grabbed the public's attention. In Dangerous Liaisons noted scholars describe and analyze the role of organized crime in the financing of politics in selected democracies in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Mexico) and in Europe (Bulgaria and Italy). The book seeks to unravel the myths that have developed around crime in these locales, while providing facts and informing the debate on how organized crime corrupts democratic institutions, especially in relation to the funding of political parties and their activities. Among the subjects studied in detail are the role of organized crime in political finance through the lens of Argentina's presidential campaigns of 1999 and 2007; Brazil's elected officeholders and their role in corruption; the weakness of Colombia's democracy; the growing role of money in Costa Rica's politics; the destructive effects of drug money on Mexican institutions; the link between organized crime—narrowly and broadly understood—and political financing in Bulgaria; and crime and political finance in Italy. The work of the scholars corrects what volume editor Kevin Casas-Zamora calls "a glaring gap in the literature on the role of organized crime in the corruption of democratic institutions." That is, the funding of political parties and their activities—which in these cases are mostly election campaigns. The chapters not only present the evidence but also can be regarded as a call to action. Contributors include Leonardo Curzio (CISAN/UNAM), Donatella della Porta (European University Institute), Delia Ferreira Rubio (a member of the international boa

Silver, Sword, and Stone

Author : Marie Arana
Publisher : Simon & Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501105019
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Silver, Sword, and Stone by : Marie Arana

Download or read book Silver, Sword, and Stone written by Marie Arana and published by Simon & Schuster. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, American Library Association Booklist’s Top of the List, 2019 Adult Nonfiction Acclaimed writer Marie Arana delivers a cultural history of Latin America and the three driving forces that have shaped the character of the region: exploitation (silver), violence (sword), and religion (stone). “Meticulously researched, [this] book’s greatest strengths are the power of its epic narrative, the beauty of its prose, and its rich portrayals of character…Marvelous” (The Washington Post). Leonor Gonzales lives in a tiny community perched 18,000 feet above sea level in the Andean cordillera of Peru, the highest human habitation on earth. Like her late husband, she works the gold mines much as the Indians were forced to do at the time of the Spanish Conquest. Illiteracy, malnutrition, and disease reign as they did five hundred years ago. And now, just as then, a miner’s survival depends on a vast global market whose fluctuations are controlled in faraway places. Carlos Buergos is a Cuban who fought in the civil war in Angola and now lives in a quiet community outside New Orleans. He was among hundreds of criminals Cuba expelled to the US in 1980. His story echoes the violence that has coursed through the Americas since before Columbus to the crushing savagery of the Spanish Conquest, and from 19th- and 20th-century wars and revolutions to the military crackdowns that convulse Latin America to this day. Xavier Albó is a Jesuit priest from Barcelona who emigrated to Bolivia, where he works among the indigenous people. He considers himself an Indian in head and heart and, for this, is well known in his adopted country. Although his aim is to learn rather than proselytize, he is an inheritor of a checkered past, where priests marched alongside conquistadors, converting the natives to Christianity, often forcibly, in the effort to win the New World. Ever since, the Catholic Church has played a central role in the political life of Latin America—sometimes for good, sometimes not. In this “timely and excellent volume” (NPR) Marie Arana seamlessly weaves these stories with the history of the past millennium to explain three enduring themes that have defined Latin America since pre-Columbian times: the foreign greed for its mineral riches, an ingrained propensity to violence, and the abiding power of religion. Silver, Sword, and Stone combines “learned historical analysis with in-depth reporting and political commentary...[and] an informed and authoritative voice, one that deserves a wide audience” (The New York Times Book Review).