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Crevice Corrosion Behaviour Of Titanium Grades 2 And 12 In Hot Aqueous Chloride Solution The Effect Of Chloride Concentration
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Book Synopsis Crevice Corrosion Behaviour of Titanium Grades-2 and -12 in Hot Aqueous Chloride Solution-- : the Effect of Chloride Concentration by : Whiteshell Laboratories
Download or read book Crevice Corrosion Behaviour of Titanium Grades-2 and -12 in Hot Aqueous Chloride Solution-- : the Effect of Chloride Concentration written by Whiteshell Laboratories and published by Pinawa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories. This book was released on 1996 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crevice corrosion behaviour of titanium grades-2 and -12 in hot aqueous chloride solution - the effect of chloride concentration by : M. G. Bailey
Download or read book Crevice corrosion behaviour of titanium grades-2 and -12 in hot aqueous chloride solution - the effect of chloride concentration written by M. G. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The behaviour of uo2 fuel elements during a loss-of-coolant accident (loca) is an area that requires further study in the canadian power reactor safety program. since full-scale loca tests are impractical, an experimental program was initiated at crnl using the loop facilities of the nrx reactor. the primary objective of the program is verification of the fuel element safety codes presently in use, by comparing measured parameters with those predicted by the codes. since the outset of the program, significant progress and change have occurred. this report describes the work carried out to date, with an emphasis on in-reactor instrumentation and the experimental irradiations, and outlines the future work that is currently proposed.
Book Synopsis Mechanical Behaviour of Materials - VI by : M. Jono
Download or read book Mechanical Behaviour of Materials - VI written by M. Jono and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 3510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant progress in the science and technology of the mechanical behaviour of materials has been made in recent years. The greatest strides forward have occurred in the field of advanced materials with high performance, such as ceramics, composite materials, and intermetallic compounds. The Sixth International Conference on Mechanical Behaviour of Materials (ICM-6), taking place in Kyoto, Japan, 29 July - 2 August 1991 addressed these issues. In commemorating the fortieth anniversary of the Japan Society of Materials Science, organised by the Foundation for Advancement of International Science and supported by the Science Council of Japan, the information provided in these proceedings reflects the international nature of the meeting. It provides a valuable account of recent developments and problems in the field of mechanical behaviour of materials.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of Corrosion/96 Research Topical Symposia by :
Download or read book Proceedings of Corrosion/96 Research Topical Symposia written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Survey of Literature on Crevice Corrosion (1979-1998) by : F. P. IJsseling
Download or read book Survey of Literature on Crevice Corrosion (1979-1998) written by F. P. IJsseling and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2000 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crevice corrosion is a complex and technically interesting corrosion mechanism but its commercial significance should not be ignored. This survey, the most complete overview of crevice corrosion available today, covers many alloys which can suffer crevice attack but focuses mainly on stainless steels. The survey covers mechanisms, test methods and results, practical experience, protective measures and monitoring.
Book Synopsis Effects of Temperature, Impurities, and Alloying Elements on the Crevice Corrosion of Alpha Titanium Alloys by : Xihua He
Download or read book Effects of Temperature, Impurities, and Alloying Elements on the Crevice Corrosion of Alpha Titanium Alloys written by Xihua He and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a study of the crevice corrosion behaviour of commercially pure titanium, Ti Grade-2 (Ti-2), and two Ti dilute alloys, Ti Grade-12 (Ti-12, Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo), and Ti Grade-7 (Ti-7, Ti-0.15Pd) in air saturated 0.27 mol/dm3 NaCI solution using a galvanic coupling technique. Various aspects of the crevice corrosion process were studied to understand the primary factors that influence titanium's susceptibility to this form of corrosion and to determine the conditions under which crevice attack is possible. First, the temperature dependence of crevice corrosion initiation and propagation on Ti Grade-2 has been studied in detail. Crevice corrosion experiments in which the temperature was increased and decreased in steps over the temperature range 55 degrees C to 95 degrees C have identified a temperature threshold of 65 degrees C for the initiation of crevice corrosion. This is based on the onset (increasing temperature) and disappearance (decreasing temperature) of film breakdown/repassivation microtransients generated inside the crevice. Consistent with the initiation of crevice corrosion, the passive film resistance dropped significantly at T>: 65 degrees C accompanied by water incorporation into the oxide film. Early initiation occurred at individual sites around the edge of the crevice, and the acidity that consequently developed spreads towards the central region of the crevice. Then, the microstructure and crevice corrosion behaviour of three Ti-2 materials containing different levels ofFe as impurity (0.04 - 0.12 wt%), were studied. The grain size decreased significantly with increasing iron content. Crevice corrosion was initiatedon all three materials at 70 ± 5 degrees C. Crevice corrosion of Ti-2 with an Fe content of 0.078 wt% (medium Fe content) was initiated at the lowest temperature and exhibited extensive intergranular attack due to the accumulation ofFe in the grain boundaries. Ti-2 with a low iron content (0.042 wt%) was free of intergranular attack. By contrast, corrosion damage was more localized along the periphery of the crevice for Ti-2 with an Fe content of 0.12 wt% (high Fe content), and the crevice corrosion resistance was greatly enhanced. By performing a series of crevice corrosion experiments combined with metallographic and image analysis techniques on Ti-2 with Fe 0.078 wt%, a damage function relating the maximum penetration depth to the duration of propagation was developed for crevice corrosion. The damage function showed two distinct stages. In the first stage, penetration was rapid due to the intergranular nature of the penetrating front on this material. On the second stage, penetration was greatly limited by IR (ohmic) effects at the corroding sites. Thirdly the crevice corrosion behaviour of Ti-12 was studied. Crevice corrosion on Ti-12 initiated a similar temperature to that observed for Ti-2, -70 degrees C, but showed a higher resistance to crevice propagation. The propagation process was independent of temperature. The crevice attack appeared in the form of rectangular-shaped pits with limited propagation. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) mapping of elemental distributions on the surfaces of these pits suggested that the accumulation of Ni and Mo at the bottom of pits was the cause for the limited penetration depth. For this material, propagation driven by internal proton reduction was the predominant process. Lastly the high temperature corrosion of Ti-7 under both planar and creviced conditions was studied. Despite the presence of Pd, Ti-7 showed some general corrosion activity in the NaCI solution as indicated by oxide film breakdown/repassivation transients. The transient activity increased with temperature. Overall, however, these transients did not have a major degrading effect on the oxide film. The material remained passive under open circuit conditions. Ti-7 was also found not immune to crevice corrosion. For temperatures above 80 degrees C, it showed minor reactivity within the crevice. The crevice attack on Ti-7 appeared as very shallow pits with penetration depths
Book Synopsis Corrosion of Titanium by : J. D. Jackson
Download or read book Corrosion of Titanium written by J. D. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Certain Aspects of the Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of Titanium by : David Schlain
Download or read book Certain Aspects of the Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of Titanium written by David Schlain and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crevice Corrosion of Titanium by : WK. Boyd
Download or read book Crevice Corrosion of Titanium written by WK. Boyd and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crevice attack of titanium and its alloys has been observed in high-temperature chloride solutions, chlorine gas, and certain acid environments. In chloride solutions, the attack becomes more severe as concentration and temperature increase. For chlorine gas, water is found to be an effective inhibitor.
Book Synopsis Identification of Crevice Corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 Titanium in Simulated Rock Salt Brine at 150°C by : TM. Ahn
Download or read book Identification of Crevice Corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 Titanium in Simulated Rock Salt Brine at 150°C written by TM. Ahn and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ASTM Grade 12- titanium (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) is a candidate corrosion resistant material for high-level nuclear waste containers which will be emplaced in mined geologic repositories such as those in rock salt. The crevice corrosion behavior of this alloy was investigated in simulated rock salt brine solutions at a temperature of 150°C. A distinct corrosion product with a range of interference colors was observed in a mechanically simulated crevice after two- to four-weeks' exposure. Low pH (~4) accelerated the reaction rate, and deaerated solutions gave less voluminous corrosion than aerated ones. Also, increasing specimen size, decreasing crevice gap, and preoxidation of the cathodic area gave more crevice attack. Higher temperatures (~250°C) do not necessarily accelerate crevice corrosion. These results are consistent with those expected from macroscopic concentration cell formation accompanied by oxygen depletion, potential drop, and acidification inside the crevice. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron icroscopy (SEM) techniques were extensively utilized to identify the film formed inside the crevice at each stage of the corrosion process. In the early stage of cell formation, anatase-type titanium dioxide TiO2 was formed which acted as a barrier to further corrosion inside the crevice. Traces of titanium pentoxide (Ti3O5) were also identified. In the case of severe crevice corrosion, the corrosion product was identified as the rutile form of TiO2 which is not an effective barrier to further corrosion. Measurements of the open circuit corrosion potential at 80°C implied that there is a breakdown of the passive film as the pH of the brine falls below unity, based on the mixed potential theory. The observation of pitting inside the crevice supports the depassivation hypothesis. Accelerated hydrogen uptake was observed in the crevice region. This was caused by breakdown of the passive film or by high acidity in the crevice. Based on these observations, and pH and potential measurements inside the crevice of commercially pure titanium by other workers, a mechanism for crevice corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 titanium has been developed. It involves the initial formation of compact anatase crystals inside the crevice. As the macroscopic cell develops further, it is postulated that either the anatase form of TiO2 will transform to the lower oxide Ti3O5 or to the rutile form of TiO2, or alternatively titanium dissolves into the solution after the breakdown of the protective film and subsequent hydrolysis takes place to form the lower oxide and the rutile form of TiO2. The role of alloying elements (molybdenum and nickel) and dissolved species are discussed with respect to these postulations.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Composition on the Mechanism of Stress-corrosion Cracking of Titanium Alloys in N2O4, and Aqueous and Hot-salt Environments, Part 2 by :
Download or read book The Effect of Composition on the Mechanism of Stress-corrosion Cracking of Titanium Alloys in N2O4, and Aqueous and Hot-salt Environments, Part 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crevice Corrosion of Grade-12 Titanium by : D. W. Shoesmith
Download or read book Crevice Corrosion of Grade-12 Titanium written by D. W. Shoesmith and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crevice corrosion of ASTM grade-12 titanium (Ti-12; 0.8 wt % Ni, 0.3 wt % Mo) has been studied in neutral 0.27 mol/L NaCl at temperatures up to 120°C using a galvanic coupling technique. The results were compared to those of similar experiments conducted on ASTM grade-2 titanium (Ti-2) specimens containing various amounts of iron impurity. The microstructural properties of the Ti-12 were determined by standard metallographic techniques and transmission electron microscopy. Penetration depth profiles were determined using metallographic and image analysis techniques. The redistribution of alloying elements (Ni, Mo) and impurities (Fe), and the location of absorbed hydrogen, were determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging. The rate and extent of crevice propagation were significantly suppressed on Ti-12 compared to Ti-2, especially at higher temperature (120°C). Up to 97 % of the total amount of crevice propagation was driven by proton reduction inside the creviced area rather than by oxygen reduction outside the crevice. SIMS imaging shows that Ni accumulates on the corroding surface, probably in the form of residual Ti2Ni particles. Proton reduction is catalyzed on these particles, leading to their hydriding and an increase in the relative area of internal cathodes compared to available anodic surface area. This self-induced "cathodic modification" effect leads to repassivation of the corroded site before extensive damage can be sustained.
Book Synopsis High Performance Stainless Steels by : Curtis W. Kovach
Download or read book High Performance Stainless Steels written by Curtis W. Kovach and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Chloride Concentration on Pitting and Crack Corrosion of Titanium at the Temperature of 100-200 Degrees Celsius by : V. N. Kurnosikova
Download or read book Effect of Chloride Concentration on Pitting and Crack Corrosion of Titanium at the Temperature of 100-200 Degrees Celsius written by V. N. Kurnosikova and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
