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Credit Constraints And Agricultural Productivity
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Book Synopsis Credit constraints and agricultural technology adoption: Evidence from Nigeria by : Balana, Bedru
Download or read book Credit constraints and agricultural technology adoption: Evidence from Nigeria written by Balana, Bedru and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agricultural sector in Nigeria is characterized by low productivity that is driven by low use of modern agricultural technologies, such as improved seed, chemical fertilizer, agrochemicals, and agricultural machinery. Poor access to credit is claimed to be one of the key barriers to adoption of these technologies. This study examines the nature of credit constraints among smallholder farmers – whether smallholders are credit constrained or not and the extent to which credit constraints emanate from supply-side or demand-side factors. Using multinomial probit and seeming unrelated simultaneous equations econometric models with data from the 2018/19 Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) for Nigeria, the study investigates the factors affecting credit access and the effects of these credit constraints on adoption of four agricultural technologies – inorganic fertilizer, improved seed, agrochemicals, and mechanization. The results show that about 27 percent of survey households were found to be credit constrained – 12.8 percent due to supply-side factors and 14.2 percent due to demand-side factors. Lack of access to information and communication technology, extension services, and insurance coverage are the major demand-side factors negatively affecting smallholder’s access to credit. Registered land tiles and livestock ownership enhance credit access. Credit constraints manifests themselves differentially on the adoption of different agricultural technologies. While adoption of inorganic fertilizer and improved seed are significantly affected by credit constraints from both the supply and the demand-sides; use of agricultural machinery is affected only by demand-side factors, while use of agrochemicals is not affected from either supply or demand-side credit factors. From a policy perspective, our findings indicate that improving credit access via supply-side interventions alone may not necessarily boost use of modern agricultural technologies by smallholder farmers in Nigeria. Demand-side factors, such as access to information, extension services, and insurance cover, should equally be addressed to mitigate the credit constraints faced by smallholders and increase their adoption of modern agricultural technologies and improve their productivity.
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints and Agricultural Productivity by : Daniel Ayalew Ali
Download or read book Credit Constraints and Agricultural Productivity written by Daniel Ayalew Ali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Do credit constraints affect agricultural technology adoption? Evidence from Nigeria by : Balana, Bedru
Download or read book Do credit constraints affect agricultural technology adoption? Evidence from Nigeria written by Balana, Bedru and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-09-08 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agricultural sector in Nigeria is characterized by low productivity that is driven in part by low use of modern agricultural technologies. Poor access to credit is seen by many observers to be one of the key barriers to adoption of these technologies. Literature suggests that credit constraints impede individuals from investing in productivity enhancing agricultural technologies and, thus, poor farmers are unable to engage in high-return agricultural activities. Much policy discourse and research literature associates agricultural credit constraints with supply-side factors, such as farmers not having access to credit sources or high costs of borrowing, and, thus, recommend that such supply-side constraints be addressed to improve smallholders’ access to credit. However, demand-side factors, such as borrower’s risk-averse behavior, financial illiteracy, collateral requirements, or perceived high transactions costs, can also play important roles in credit-rationing for smallholder farmers.
Book Synopsis Effects of Credit Constraints on Productivity and Rural Household Income in China by : Fengxia Dong
Download or read book Effects of Credit Constraints on Productivity and Rural Household Income in China written by Fengxia Dong and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural production is strongly conditioned by the fact that inputs are transformed into outputs with considerable time lags, causing the rural household to balance its budget during the season when there are high expenditures for input purchases and consumption and few revenues. With limited access to credit, the budget balance within the year can become a constraint to agricultural production. As is the case in many developing countries, Chinese rural households have been suffering from a lack of access to capital. While China is one of the biggest countries in terms of rural areas and agricultural production, few studies have focused on the impact of credit on agriculture in China. Using survey data, this study aims to examine how credit constraints currently affect agricultural productivity and rural household income in China. The study findings suggest that under credit constraints, production inputs, along with farmers' capabilities and education, cannot be fully employed. By removing credit constraints, agricultural productivity and rural household income can be improved.
Book Synopsis Are smallholder farmers credit constrained? Evidence on demand and supply constraints of credit in Ethiopia and Tanzania by : Balana, Bedru
Download or read book Are smallholder farmers credit constrained? Evidence on demand and supply constraints of credit in Ethiopia and Tanzania written by Balana, Bedru and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Credit constraint is considered by many as one of the key barriers to adoption of modern agricultural technologies, such as chemical fertilizer, improved seeds, and irrigation technologies, among smallholders. Past research and much policy discourse associates agricultural credit constraints with supply-side factors, such as limited access to credit sources or high costs of borrowing. However, demand-side factors, such as risk-aversion and financial illiteracy among borrowers, as well as high transaction costs, can also play important roles in credit-rationing for smallholders. Using primary survey data from Ethiopia and Tanzania, this study examines the nature of credit constraints facing smallholders and the factors that affect credit constraints. In addition, we assess whether credit constraints are gender-differentiated. Results show that demand-side credit constraints are at least as important as supply-side factors in both countries. Women are more likely to be credit constrained (from both the supply and demand sides) than men. Based on these findings, we suggest that policies should focus on addressing both supply- and demand-side credit constraints, including through targeted interventions to reduce risk, such as crop insurance and gender-sensitive policies to improve women’s access to credit.
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity, and Rural Nonfarm Participation by : Daniel Ayalew Ali
Download or read book Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity, and Rural Nonfarm Participation written by Daniel Ayalew Ali and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the potentially negative impacts of credit constraints on economic development have long been discussed conceptually, empirical evidence for Africa remains limited. This study uses a direct elicitation approach for a national sample of Rwandan rural households to assess empirically the extent and nature of credit rationing in the semi-formal sector and its impact using an endogenous sample separation between credit-constrained and unconstrained households. Being credit constrained reduces the likelihood of participating in off-farm self-employment activities by about 6.3 percent while making participation in low-return farm wage labor more likely. Even within agriculture, elimination of all types of credit constraints in the semi-formal sector could increase output by some 17 percent. Two suggestions for policy emerge from the findings. First, the estimates suggest that access to information (education, listening to the radio, and membership in a farm cooperative) has a major impact on reducing the incidence of credit constraints in the semi-formal credit sector. Expanding access to information in rural areas thus seems to be one of the most promising strategies to improve credit access in the short term. Second, making it easy to identify land owners and transfer land could also significantly reduce transaction costs associated with credit access.
Book Synopsis The Relation Between Farm Size and Farm Productivity by : Gershon Feder
Download or read book The Relation Between Farm Size and Farm Productivity written by Gershon Feder and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating the gendered credit constraints and uptake of an insurance-linked credit product by : Timu, Anne G.
Download or read book Evaluating the gendered credit constraints and uptake of an insurance-linked credit product written by Timu, Anne G. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-12-21 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smallholder farmers in low- and medium-income countries lack sufficient access to agricultural production credit that can help them adopt new technologies and improve their farm production. Compared to men, women smallholder farmers face additional social, and economic barriers that further limit their credit access. Bundling agricultural credit with insurance, or risk contingent credit (RCC), provides a mechanism for addressing some of the credit access constraints and reducing credit rationing among smallholder farmers. In this paper, we evaluate the gendered determinants of credit rationing and the gender differences of the effects of RCC innovation on credit uptake decisions. We use three-wave panel data from a randomized control trial (RCT) in Kenya. We find that female-headed households (FHH) are significantly more risk rationed (or demand-side credit constrained) compared to male-headed households (MHH), however, the gender of the household head does not significantly determine the household quantity rationing status (supply-side constrained). We also find that farmers randomly assigned to be offered the RCC are up to four percent more likely to take up credit. RCC’s impacts on credit uptake decisions do not vary with the gender of the household head, however, RCC has a differential positive and significant impact on the credit uptake decisions of farmers that were previously (at baseline) risk rationed. Based on these findings, we suggest that policies should focus on reducing gendered demand-side barriers to credit access, especially among poorer women households. Climate financing innovations such as RCC should also be designed and delivered in a gender-inclusive manner to accommodate women farmers who face time, liquidity, and financial literacy barriers.
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints in Agricultural Production by : Julie Lynn Anderson
Download or read book Credit Constraints in Agricultural Production written by Julie Lynn Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints in Agricultural Production by : Julie Lynn Anderson Schaffner
Download or read book Credit Constraints in Agricultural Production written by Julie Lynn Anderson Schaffner and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agricultural productivity in Africa by : Benin, Samuel
Download or read book Agricultural productivity in Africa written by Benin, Samuel and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural Productivity in Africa: Trends, Patterns, and Determinants presents updated and new analyses of land, labor, and total productivity trends in African agriculture. It brings together analyses of a unique mix of data sources and evaluations of public policies and development projects to recommend ways to increase agricultural productivity in Africa. This book is timely in light of the recent and ongoing growth recovery across the continent. The good news is that agricultural productivity in Africa increased at a moderate rate between 1961 and 2012, although there are variations in the rate of growth in land, labor, and total factor productivities depending on country and region. Differences in input use and capital intensities in agricultural production in the various farming systems and agricultural productivity zones also affect advancements in technology. One conclusion based on the book’s research findings derives from the substantial spatial variation in agricultural productivity. For areas with similar agricultural productivity growth trends and factors, what works well in one area can be used as the basis for formulating best-fit, location-specific agricultural policies, investments, and interventions in similar areas. This finding along with others will be of particular interest to policy- and decisionmakers.
Book Synopsis Liquidity and Credit Constraints by : Pichit Lerttamrab
Download or read book Liquidity and Credit Constraints written by Pichit Lerttamrab and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity and Household Welfare in Burkina Faso by : Yaya Ky
Download or read book Credit Constraints, Agricultural Productivity and Household Welfare in Burkina Faso written by Yaya Ky and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Causes and Implications of Credit Rationing in Rural Ethiopia by : Daniel Ayalew Ali
Download or read book Causes and Implications of Credit Rationing in Rural Ethiopia written by Daniel Ayalew Ali and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Institutional versus noninstitutional credit to agricultural households in India: Evidence on impact from a national farmers’ survey by : Kumar, Anjani
Download or read book Institutional versus noninstitutional credit to agricultural households in India: Evidence on impact from a national farmers’ survey written by Kumar, Anjani and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A goal of agricultural policy in India has been to reduce farmers’ dependence on informal credit. To that end, recent initiatives have been focused explicitly on rural areas and have had a positive impact on the flow of agricultural credit. But despite the significance of these initiatives in enhancing the flow of institutional credit to agriculture, the links between institutional credit and net farm income and consumption expenditures in India are not very well documented. Using a large national farm household–level dataset and instrumental variables two-stage least squares estimation methods, we investigate the impact of institutional farm credit on farm income and farm household consumption expenditures. Our findings show that in India, formal credit is indeed playing a critical role in increasing both the net farm income and per capita monthly household expenditures of Indian farm families. We also find that, in the presence of formal credit, social safety net programs such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) may have unintended consequences. In particular, MGNREGA reduces both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures. In contrast, in the presence of formal credit, the Public Distribution System may increase both net farm income and per capita monthly household consumption expenditures.
Book Synopsis Finance and Hunger by : Stijn Claessens
Download or read book Finance and Hunger written by Stijn Claessens and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using cross-country and panel regressions, the authors show that financial sector development significantly reduces undernourishment (hunger), largely through gaining farmers and others access to productivity-enhancing equipment, translating into beneficial income and general effects. They show specifically that a deeper financial sector leads to higher agricultural productivity, including higher cereal yields, through increased fertilizer and tractor use. Higher productivity in turn leads to lower undernourishment. The results are robust to various specifications and econometric tests and imply that a 1 percentage point increase in private credit to GDP reduces undernourishment by 0.22-2.45 percentage points, or about one-quarter the impact of GDP per capita.
Book Synopsis Credit Constraints and Aquaculture Productivity by : Sandip Mitra
Download or read book Credit Constraints and Aquaculture Productivity written by Sandip Mitra and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aquaculture sector is a capital intensive production process where access to credit is helpful in order to develop and manage farms in developing countries. Nevertheless, a supply of credit is often not readily available, which is creating credit constraint situations. This study investigates how credit constraints affect the productivity of aquaculture farmers in Bangladesh. An endogenous switching regression model is used to estimate the effects of credit constraints on productivity. The results show that productivity is significantly higher for farmers who are not exposed to credit constraints. This result reveals significant production-enhancing effects when using modern inputs for both constrained and unconstrained farmers. However, the effects are larger for the credit-unconstrained farmers because they have the opportunity to buy higher quality inputs and use them in a better input mix.
