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Author : L. H. J. Goossens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789289420846
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Countermeasures Uncertainty Assessment written by L. H. J. Goossens and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783844364705
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (647 download)
Download or read book Countermeasures Uncertainty Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : L.H.J. Goossens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)
Download or read book Countermeasures Uncertainty Assessment written by L.H.J. Goossens and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Terje Aven
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118489586
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)
Download or read book Uncertainty in Risk Assessment written by Terje Aven and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores methods for the representation and treatment of uncertainty in risk assessment In providing guidance for practical decision-making situations concerning high-consequence technologies (e.g., nuclear, oil and gas, transport, etc.), the theories and methods studied in Uncertainty in Risk Assessment have wide-ranging applications from engineering and medicine to environmental impacts and natural disasters, security, and financial risk management. The main focus, however, is on engineering applications. While requiring some fundamental background in risk assessment, as well as a basic knowledge of probability theory and statistics, Uncertainty in Risk Assessment can be read profitably by a broad audience of professionals in the field, including researchers and graduate students on courses within risk analysis, statistics, engineering, and the physical sciences. Uncertainty in Risk Assessment: Illustrates the need for seeing beyond probability to represent uncertainties in risk assessment contexts. Provides simple explanations (supported by straightforward numerical examples) of the meaning of different types of probabilities, including interval probabilities, and the fundamentals of possibility theory and evidence theory. Offers guidance on when to use probability and when to use an alternative representation of uncertainty. Presents and discusses methods for the representation and characterization of uncertainty in risk assessment. Uses examples to clearly illustrate ideas and concepts.
Author : Duane M. Lafont
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (142 download)
Download or read book An Evaluation of Potential Countermeasures to the Strategic Defense Initiative written by Duane M. Lafont and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key uncertainty within the Strategic Defense Initiative is not whether a multitiered ballistic missile defense can be designed and implemented but rather in the possibility that the intercept system can be readily countered. Additionally, the viability of SDI is dependent upon its cost effectiveness; a defense should not be considered if it can be overcome at a significantly lesser cost. To quantify these uncertainties, the Strategic Defense Initiative is overviewed at a macro level. Potential countermeasures to proposed defensive technologies are defined and analyzed as to their feasibility and the possible leverage, both in cost and in further uncertainty, that the use of the countermeasure would provide. The study also addresses possible counter-countermeasures, where applicable. The results of the study can be used to provide input parameters to systems simulations and system analyses of SDI architectures and as an indicator of further study areas.
Author : Igor Linkov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401009872
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Assessment and Management of Environmental Risks written by Igor Linkov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing environmental contamination requires decision makers to weigh eXlstmg risks against the potential effects of implementing environmental policies - considering both the benefits and disruptions that may result from different actions. The NATO Advanced Research Workshop in Lisbon was an important step in the development and application of cost efficient methods of risk assessment especiaIly within the constraints of a budget. The goal of the workshop was to evaluate the potential for risk assessment to serve as a unified and unifying technique in addressing a wide range of environmental problems. Papers presented in this book discuss issues ranging from specific and local studies (specific site, ecosystem, pollutant) to global decision and management frameworks (watersheds, regions, integration of multiple poIlutants and stressors); they develop a range of approaches starting from specific methods to widely applied public policies (Figure 1). The papers show that the use of risk assessment can provide the scientific basis for environmentaIly sound and cost-efficient policies, strategies, and solutions to our environmental chaIlenges. The organization of the Proceedings reflects sessions and discussions during the workshop. The papers in the introductory Chapter summarize the positions of Drs. Glenn Suter (EPA) and Jim Wilson (Resources for the Future) regarding whether the use of often-expensive risk assessments in developing countries can be justified, given evolving regulatory institutions and limited resources.
Author : Fahmidah Ashraf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)
Download or read book Assessment, Prioritization, and Communication of Risks of Failures of a Bridge Scour Countermeasure Over a Range of Flow Events written by Fahmidah Ashraf and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment, prioritization, and communication of risks of failures of countermeasures over a wide range of flow events can be very effective in the selection and the design of an appropriate countermeasure considering the uncertainty in the performance of a countermeasure in an uncertain complex river system. In this study, a risk-based approach is developed for assessing, prioritizing, and communicating the risks of failure modes of a bridge scour countermeasure using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) tool. In FMEA, the risks of failure modes are derived from the severity (S) and occurrence (O) ratings. Widely used approach of Risk Priority Number (RPN), product of the risk ratings, is improved to assess risks overcoming the mathematical limitations of Risk Priority Numbers (RPNs). Another simple and effective approach of assessing risks, Risk Priority Code (RPC), is used to make a comparison between the RPN and RPC results, and to find out which approach is comparatively more rigorous. The appropriate risk assessment approach is then used to build risk matrix. Risk matrix is a table that maps severity (S) and occurrence (O) ratings to the corresponding risk priority level. The developed risk matrix will be able to assess and prioritize the risks of failure modes of a countermeasure using only the qualitative information represented by S and O ratings. An approach of defining and incorporating confidence level in risk matrix is developed to provide more comprehensiveness and/or completeness to the risk matrix. Such an approach of developing risk matrix will enable bridge engineers to use risk matrix as a basis for making risk-informed decision. To determine the relative change in a risk priority level over a range of flow conditions, a study is then carried out focusing on the backwater in the vicinity of a bridge. The backwater is simulated using one dimensional model Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). The effects of backwater are defined based on the monitoring survey data. Then, the developed risk matrix is used to determine any change in the risk priority level considering the backwater effects. Such an approach is simple enough to implement in the planning phase to account for the effects of flood events in the risk-based approach of selection and design of a countermeasure. Given the unavailability of quantitative information and the limited resources and time, the study results have important implications in the selection of an appropriate countermeasure and/or to pay special attention to certain components of a countermeasure which are at a higher risks in some situations.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781422323236
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (232 download)
Download or read book Project Bioshield : linking bioterrorism threats and countermeasure procurement to enhance terrorism preparedness : hearing written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andrew Jaquith
Publisher : Pearson Education
ISBN 13 : 0132715775
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (327 download)
Download or read book Security Metrics written by Andrew Jaquith and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2007-03-26 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Definitive Guide to Quantifying, Classifying, and Measuring Enterprise IT Security Operations Security Metrics is the first comprehensive best-practice guide to defining, creating, and utilizing security metrics in the enterprise. Using sample charts, graphics, case studies, and war stories, Yankee Group Security Expert Andrew Jaquith demonstrates exactly how to establish effective metrics based on your organization’s unique requirements. You’ll discover how to quantify hard-to-measure security activities, compile and analyze all relevant data, identify strengths and weaknesses, set cost-effective priorities for improvement, and craft compelling messages for senior management. Security Metrics successfully bridges management’s quantitative viewpoint with the nuts-and-bolts approach typically taken by security professionals. It brings together expert solutions drawn from Jaquith’s extensive consulting work in the software, aerospace, and financial services industries, including new metrics presented nowhere else. You’ll learn how to: • Replace nonstop crisis response with a systematic approach to security improvement • Understand the differences between “good” and “bad” metrics • Measure coverage and control, vulnerability management, password quality, patch latency, benchmark scoring, and business-adjusted risk • Quantify the effectiveness of security acquisition, implementation, and other program activities • Organize, aggregate, and analyze your data to bring out key insights • Use visualization to understand and communicate security issues more clearly • Capture valuable data from firewalls and antivirus logs, third-party auditor reports, and other resources • Implement balanced scorecards that present compact, holistic views of organizational security effectiveness
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309219094
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Transformational Medical Technologies (TMT) has been a unique component of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) medical biodefense efforts since 2006. Its mission is to advance countermeasure research and development in support of the broader goal of the DoD to protect warfighters from emerging infectious diseases and future genetically engineered biological weapons. The TMT, using advanced science and technology approaches, focused on the development of roadspectrum countermeasures that target common host and pathogen pathways or enhance the host's immune response. Many of these pathogens are lethal or cause such debilitating diseases in humans that it is ethically inappropriate to test the efficacy of these countermeasures in human volunteers. In lieu of human participants, these products may be tested in animals and approved for human use under the provisions of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s 2002 Animal Rule. The reliance on animal models for the development and licensure of medical countermeasures against biothreats is challenging for a number of reasons. The ad hoc Committee on Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents prepared a consensus report that would address the challenges stemming from developing and testing medical countermeasures against biothreat agents in animal models. Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents evaluates how well the existing TMT-employed or candidate animal models reflect the pathophysiology, clinical picture, and treatment of human disease as related to the agents of interest. The report addresses the process and/or feasibility of developing new animal models for critical biodefense research, placing emphasis on the need for a robust and expeditious validation process in terms of the FDA's Animal Rule. The report also evaluates alternatives to the use of animal models based on the premise of the Three Rs.
Author : L. H. J. Goossens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Expert Judgement and Accident Consequence Uncertainty Analysis written by L. H. J. Goossens and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309466423
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Building a National Capability to Monitor and Assess Medical Countermeasure Use During a Public Health Emergency written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-20 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During public health emergencies (PHEs) involving chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear threats or emerging infectious diseases, medical countermeasures (MCMs) (e.g., drugs, vaccines, devices) may need to be dispensed or administered to affected populations to help mitigate the human health impact of the threat. The optimal MCMs determined for use during an emergency might be U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved but used in unapproved ways (e.g., in a new age group or against a new agent); FDA approved using animal models because human efficacy testing is not ethical or feasible; or not yet FDA approved for any indication. As part of the United States' scientific and research preparedness enterprise, there is an imperative to go "beyond the last mile" of MCM dispensing and administration to build and maintain a national capability to monitor and assess the use of MCMs (e.g., safety, compliance, clinical benefit) after they have been dispensed during PHEs. To further the discussion on this need, the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a 2-day public workshop, Building a National Capability to Monitor and Assess Medical Countermeasure Use in Response to Public Health Emergencies. The workshop, sponsored by FDA, was held on June 6â€"7, 2017, in Washington, DC. Workshop participants discussed the roles and efforts of the federal government and of relevant stakeholders with an interest in building and maintaining a national PHE MCM active monitoring and assessment capability. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author : Sandip Roy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108916074
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Principles of Cyber-Physical Systems written by Sandip Roy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique introduction to the foundational concepts of cyber-physical systems (CPS) describes key design principles and emerging research trends in detail. Several interdisciplinary applications are covered, with a focus on the wide-area management of infrastructures including electric power systems, air transportation networks, and health care systems. Design, control and optimization of cyber-physical infrastructures are discussed, addressing security and privacy issues of networked CPS, presenting graph-theoretic and numerical approaches to CPS evaluation and monitoring, and providing readers with the knowledge needed to operate CPS in a reliable, efficient, and secure manner. Exercises are included. This is an ideal resource for researchers and graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science, as well as for practitioners using cyber-physical systems in aerospace and automotive engineering, medical technology, and large-scale infrastructure operations.
Author : Louis Anthony Cox, Jr.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118938895
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis written by Louis Anthony Cox, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover recent powerful advances in the theory, methods, and applications of decision and risk analysis Focusing on modern advances and innovations in the field of decision analysis (DA), Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis presents theories and methods for making, improving, and learning from significant practical decisions. The book explains these new methods and important applications in an accessible and stimulating style for readers from multiple backgrounds, including psychology, economics, statistics, engineering, risk analysis, operations research, and management science. Highlighting topics not conventionally found in DA textbooks, the book illustrates genuine advances in practical decision science, including developments and trends that depart from, or break with, the standard axiomatic DA paradigm in fundamental and useful ways. The book features methods for coping with realistic decision-making challenges such as online adaptive learning algorithms, innovations in robust decision-making, and the use of a variety of models to explain available data and recommend actions. In addition, the book illustrates how these techniques can be applied to dramatically improve risk management decisions. Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis also includes: An emphasis on new approaches rather than only classical and traditional ideas Discussions of how decision and risk analysis can be applied to improve high-stakes policy and management decisions Coverage of the potential value and realism of decision science within applications in financial, health, safety, environmental, business, engineering, and security risk management Innovative methods for deciding what actions to take when decision problems are not completely known or described or when useful probabilities cannot be specified Recent breakthroughs in the psychology and brain science of risky decisions, mathematical foundations and techniques, and integration with learning and pattern recognition methods from computational intelligence Breakthroughs in Decision Science and Risk Analysis is an ideal reference for researchers, consultants, and practitioners in the fields of decision science, operations research, business, management science, engineering, statistics, and mathematics. The book is also an appropriate guide for managers, analysts, and decision and policy makers in the areas of finance, health and safety, environment, business, engineering, and security risk management.
Author : Elena Katselli Proukaki
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135232849
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)
Download or read book Countermeasures, the Non-Injured State and the Idea of International Community written by Elena Katselli Proukaki and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the contentious topic of how collective and community issues should be protected and enforced in international law. The volume addresses both the theory and practice of third-State countermeasures within international law and critically assesses the work the International Law Commission has done in this area. The author identifies concerns about third-State countermeasures which remain unanswered, and considers the possible legal ramifications arising from a clash between a right to third-State countermeasures and obligations arising from other international norms. In taking a thorough view of the issues involved, The Problem of Enforcement in International Law explores questions evolving around the nature, integrity and effectiveness of international law and the role it is called on to play in a contemporary context.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030921808X
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Prepositioning Antibiotics for Anthrax written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-26 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If terrorists released Bacillus anthracis over a large city, hundreds of thousands of people could be at risk of the deadly disease anthrax-caused by the B. anthracis spores-unless they had rapid access to antibiotic medical countermeasures (MCM). Although plans for rapidly delivering MCM to a large number of people following an anthrax attack have been greatly enhanced during the last decade, many public health authorities and policy experts fear that the nation's current systems and plans are insufficient to respond to the most challenging scenarios, such as a very large-scale anthrax attack. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response commissioned the Institute of Medicine to examine the potential uses, benefits, and disadvantages of strategies for repositioning antibiotics. This involves storing antibiotics close to or in the possession of the people who would need rapid access to them should an attack occur. Prepositioning Antibiotics for Anthrax reviews the scientific evidence on the time window in which antibiotics successfully prevent anthrax and the implications for decision making about prepositioning, describes potential prepositioning strategies, and develops a framework to assist state, local, and tribal public health authorities in determining whether prepositioning strategies would be beneficial for their communities. However, based on an analysis of the likely health benefits, health risks, and relative costs of the different prepositioning strategies, the book also develops findings and recommendations to provide jurisdictions with some practical insights as to the circumstances in which different prepositioning strategies may be beneficial. Finally, the book identifies federal- and national-level actions that would facilitate the evaluation and development of prepositioning strategies. Recognizing that communities across the nation have differing needs and capabilities, the findings presented in this report are intended to assist public health officials in considering the benefits, costs, and trade-offs involved in developing alternative prepositioning strategies appropriate to their particular communities.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309104858
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Global Change Assessments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-07 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global change assessments inform decision makers about the scientific underpinnings of a range of environmental issues, such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, and loss of biodiversity. Dozens of assessments have been conducted to date by various U.S. and international groups, many of them influencing public policies, technology development, and research directions. This report analyzes strengths and weaknesses of eight past assessments to inform future efforts. Common elements of effective assessments include strong leadership, extensive engagement with interested and affected parties, a transparent science-policy interface, and well defined communication strategies. The report identifies 11 essential elements of effective assessments and recommends that future assessments include decision support tools that make use of information at the regional and local level where decisions are made.
