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Correlation Between Knock Intensity And Heat Transfer Under Light And Heavy Knocking Conditions In A Spark Ignition Engine
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Book Synopsis Correlation Between Knock Intensity and Heat Transfer Under Light and Heavy Knocking Conditions in a Spark Ignition Engine by : Michalis Syrimis
Download or read book Correlation Between Knock Intensity and Heat Transfer Under Light and Heavy Knocking Conditions in a Spark Ignition Engine written by Michalis Syrimis and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relation Between Spark-ignition Engine Knock, Detonation Waves, and Autoignition as Shown by High-speed Photography by : Cearcy D. Miller
Download or read book Relation Between Spark-ignition Engine Knock, Detonation Waves, and Autoignition as Shown by High-speed Photography written by Cearcy D. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical review of literature bearing on the autoignition and detonation-wave theories of spark-ignition engine knock and on the nature of gas vibrations associated with combustion and knock results in the conclusion that neither the autoignition theory nor the detonation-wave theory is an adequate explanation of spark-ignition engine knock. A knock theory is proposed, combining the autoignition and detonation-wave theories, introducing the idea that the detonation wave develops in autoignited or afterburning gases, and ascribing comparatively low-pitched heavy knocks to autoignition but high-pitched pinging knocks to detonation waves with the possibility of combinations of the two types of knock.
Book Synopsis Unsteady Convective Heat Transfer Modeling and Application to Internal Combustion Engines by : Pin Zeng
Download or read book Unsteady Convective Heat Transfer Modeling and Application to Internal Combustion Engines written by Pin Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Embedded Microprocessor Systems by : Christian Müller-Schloer
Download or read book Embedded Microprocessor Systems written by Christian Müller-Schloer and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded microprocessor systems are affecting our daily lives at a fast pace, mostly unrecognised by the general public. Most of us are aware of the part they are playing in increasing business efficiency through office applications such as personal computers, printers and copiers. Only a few people, however, fully appreciate the growing role of embedded systems in telecommunications and industrial environments, or even in everyday products like cars and home appliances. The challenge to engineers and managers is not only highlighted by the sheer size of the market, ' 1.5 billion microcontrollers and microprocessors are produced every year ' but also by the accelerating innovation in embedded systems towards higher complexity in hardware, software and tools as well as towards higher performance and lower consumption. To maintain competitiveness in this demanding environment, an optimum mix of innovation, time to market and system cost is required. Choosing the right options and strategies for products and companies is crucial and rarely obvious. In this book the editors have, therefore, skilfully brought together more than fifty contributions from some of the leading authorities in embedded systems. The papers are conveniently grouped in four sections.
Book Synopsis Annual Index/abstracts of Sae Technical Papers, 2000 by : Society Of Automotive Engineers
Download or read book Annual Index/abstracts of Sae Technical Papers, 2000 written by Society Of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reaction-based Knock Predictive Modeling and Model-based Stochastic Knock Limit Control of Spark-ignition Engines by : Ruixue Li
Download or read book Reaction-based Knock Predictive Modeling and Model-based Stochastic Knock Limit Control of Spark-ignition Engines written by Ruixue Li and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies the spark-ignition (SI) engine knock phenomenon, abnormal combustion due to the auto-ignition of end-gas ahead of the propagated flame front, resulting in the rapid chemical energy release with aggressive combustion, limiting the further improvement of thermal efficiency and even damaging the engine mechanically. A control-oriented combustion and pressure wave model with satisfactory accuracy and low computational effort is a necessity for the knock control strategy design. This dissertation develops a control-oriented knock predictive model that includes a two-zone reaction-based combustion model and a pressure wave model. This knock predictive model is capable of accurately describing the combustion process of a spark-ignited engine and predict the in-cylinder pressure oscillations under knocking combustion in real-time. Based on this model, a feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control strategy is developed to reduce the knock cyclic variability and control the knock mean-intensity below a desired up bound while keeping spark timing as close to engine maximum brake torque (MBT) timing as possible. A control-oriented two-zone reaction-based model to accurately describe the combustion process of a SI engine is first developed. Instead of using the conventional pre-determined Wiebe-based combustion model, a two-step chemical reaction model is utilized to predict the combustion process along with important thermodynamic parameters such as the mass-fraction-burned, in-cylinder pressure, temperatures and individual species mass changes in both zones. Sensitivities of model parameters are analyzed during the model calibration process. As a result, one set of calibration parameters are used to predict combustion characteristics over all engine operating conditions studied in this paper, which is the major advantage of the proposed method. Also, the proposed modeling approach is capable of modeling the combustion process for real-time simulations. As the by-product of the model, engine knock can also be predicted based on the Arrhenius integral in the unburned zone, which is valuable for model-based knock control. The proposed combustion model is intensively validated using the experimental data with a peak relative prediction error of 6.2% for the in-cylinder pressure. Based on this validated combustion model, a control-oriented pressure wave model for SI engines is further developed. This model is capable of predicting the in-cylinder pressure oscillations under knocking combustion in real-time and can be used for the model-based knock prediction and control. A pressure wave equation including the knock deadening behavior is proposed, simplified, and used to calculate the pressure perturbations generated by the knocking combustion. The boundary and initial conditions at knock onset are analyzed and the analytic solution of the pressure wave equation is obtained. The model is calibrated and validated over two different engine operating conditions at knock limit. The chemical kinetic-based Arrhenius integral (ARI) and the KI20 are used as the evaluation methods for knock onset and intensity prediction, and the knock frequency is studied with a fast Fourier transform of the filtered in-cylinder pressure oscillations. Especially, the knock characteristics associated with gas mixture properties at intake valve closing is analyzed based on the experimental data and their effect to knock cycle-to-cycle variation is also studied for the proposed model. In addition, this dissertation studies the correlation between in-cylinder mixture temperature at intake valve closing and the engine knock, along with knock cyclic variability based on the knock predictive model. A strong correlation between the intake temperature and knock intensity has been obtained and validated based on the simulation investigation and experiment data obtained at knock limit. Therefore, a model-based feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control strategy is developed to reduce the knock cycle-to-cycle variability and maintain the knock mean-intensity within a desired up bound by controlling the spark timing as close to MBT timing as possible. The control performance is validated with the simulation results to show the capability of the model-based feedforward and feedback stochastic knock limit control in significantly reducing the knock cyclic variability and improving the knock intensity distribution for the best fuel economy.
Author :American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :124 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference
Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Technical Conference
Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Knocking Combustion Observed in a Spark-ignition Engine with Simultaneous Direct and Schlieren High-speed Motion Pictures and Pressure Records by : Gordon E. Osterstrom
Download or read book Knocking Combustion Observed in a Spark-ignition Engine with Simultaneous Direct and Schlieren High-speed Motion Pictures and Pressure Records written by Gordon E. Osterstrom and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report support simultaneous direct and schlieren photographs at 40,000 frames a second and correlated pressure records taken of knocking combustion in a special spark-ignition engine to ascertain intensity of certain end-zone reactions previously seen by schlieren photography alone.
Book Synopsis Knocking Combustion Observed in a Spark-ignition Engine with Simultaneous Direct and Schilieren High-speed Motion Pictures and Pressure Recorders by : Benjamin Pinkel
Download or read book Knocking Combustion Observed in a Spark-ignition Engine with Simultaneous Direct and Schilieren High-speed Motion Pictures and Pressure Recorders written by Benjamin Pinkel and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Piston Heat Transfer Measurements Under Varying Knock Intensity in a Spark-ignition Engine by : Michalis Syrimis
Download or read book Piston Heat Transfer Measurements Under Varying Knock Intensity in a Spark-ignition Engine written by Michalis Syrimis and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Spark Advance and Fuel on Knocking Tendency of Spark Ignited Engine by :
Download or read book Effect of Spark Advance and Fuel on Knocking Tendency of Spark Ignited Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Knock, in spark ignition engine is the combustion caused by the autoignition of the fuel-air mixture. It is the phenomenon that limits engine performance and thermal efficiency. Knock also has an adverse effect on emissions and fuel economy. Engine designers target engines with maximum power and torque output without compromising on fuel economy. Engine downsizing is the method generally adopted. The main goal of engine downsizing is to achieve better fuel economy while increasing the power and torque output of the engine. Better fuel economy is achieved by reducing the displaced volume which in turn means a much higher brake mean effective pressure. It is common for downsized engines to have BMEP values higher than 20 bar. As a comparison, this value reduces to about 15 bar without downsizing for the same power output. To compensate for the reduced volume, boosting devices like turbochargers or superchargers are incorporated. This increased pressure leads to a higher temperature of the compressed mixture. As a result, the self-ignition temperature is attained quicker than expected which promotes the occurrence of knock. When targeting high engine outputs at lower speeds, sustained knocking events can prove to cause catastrophic engine damage. The need to understand the phenomenon of knock as completely as possible is extremely important. Elimination of knock will prove to be vital for further engine development. The major factors affecting knock are the octane rating of the fuel, spark timing, compression ratio of the engine, the percentage of exhaust gas re-circulation employed and lambda value. This report studies the effect of changing the fuel octane rating and spark timing on intensity of knock. The report briefly introduces knock, theories of its occurrence, detection methods and control techniques. Three fuels, E10 87, E0 91 and E15 91 were tested on a spark ignited, liquid cooled, two-cylinder carbureted engine. The fuels were selected as they represent a range of octane ratings usually available for daily use. In-cylinder pressure and crankcase vibrations are the two parameters used for knock detection. Each fuel was tested for a set of three spark timings set 10 CAD apart. With an increase in spark advance, the knocking intensity increases when all other engine operating parameters are maintained constant. From the comparison of results for E0 91 and E15 91 fuels it can be concluded that the knock intensity decreases with an increase in ethanol content when all other engine operating conditions, including fuel octane rating and spark advance, were kept unchanged. Finally, the comparison of results from E0 91 and E10 87 fuels exhibit mixed effects of rise in ethanol levels and drop in octane rating on the knock intensity. While, for lower loads, the effect of increase in octane rating dominates resulting in lower knock intensity for E0 91, for higher loads the increase in ethanol content seems to have an upper hand resulting in lower knock intensity for E10 87 fuel.
Book Synopsis Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power by :
Download or read book Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Knocking Combustion and Heat Transfer in Spark Ignition Engine by : Michalis Syrimis
Download or read book Characterization of Knocking Combustion and Heat Transfer in Spark Ignition Engine written by Michalis Syrimis and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental study was conducted to investigate combustion and in-cylinder heat transfer characteristics under light and heavy knocking conditions in a spark ignition engine. A special, single cylinder, Mitsubishi R52 engine was used, in its extended piston configuration. Fast response heat flux probes on the piston and the cylinder head provided instantaneous surface temperature measurements at different locations, both inside and outside the end-gas region. The knocking combustion process was characterized by several knock indices, based on the net heat release analysis of cylinder pressure, as well as, the amplitude of the knock induced pressure fluctuations. Knock initiation and development were investigated by sampling cylinder pressure data at two different locations in the chamber. The cyclic variability associated with knocking combustion was investigated by studying the variation, as well as the interdependence of the knock indices, under different knock severity conditions. Finally, the effects of knock on heat transfer were explored by studying changes in ensemble-average heat flux with increasing knock intensity, and also by the magnitude of the correlation coefficients between peak heat flux and the developed knock indices. Evidence of multiple autoignition sites was found during the knock initiation process. Knock induced pressure waves were of acoustic nature, becoming weak shock waves in cases of violent autoignitions. Cyclic variability in knock intensity was found to be driven by variations in burn rate. The correlation between burn rate and knock intensity was higher for lower overall combustion rates. Under light knock, the ensemble-average peak heat flux at locations near the end-gas zone increased with spark advance, departing from its trend prior to the onset of knock. Under heavy knock, the ensemble-average peak heat flux increased over the entire piston crown. High statistical correlation (up to 0.80) was found between peak heat flux and certain of the autoignition indices within and near the end-gas zone. Knock was found to increase heat transfer by the 'scouring' action of the induced pressure waves on the wall thermal boundary layer. Apart from knock intensity, the location of autoignition initiation, and the characteristics of the flame and wave front patterns following autoignition were found to affect the magnitude of heat transfer changes.
Book Synopsis Spark Ignition Engine Knock Detection Using In-cylinder Optical Probes by : Zhihong Sun
Download or read book Spark Ignition Engine Knock Detection Using In-cylinder Optical Probes written by Zhihong Sun and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Knock and Knock Intensity in a Spark Ignition Engine by : M. Karimifar
Download or read book Knock and Knock Intensity in a Spark Ignition Engine written by M. Karimifar and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Spark-ignition Engine Knock as Seen in Photographs Taken at 200,000 Frames a Second by : Cearcy D. Miller
Download or read book Analysis of Spark-ignition Engine Knock as Seen in Photographs Taken at 200,000 Frames a Second written by Cearcy D. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A motion-picture of the development of knock in a spark-ignition engine is presented, which consists of 20 photographs taken at intervals of 5 microseconds, or at a rate of 200,000 photographs a second, with an equivalent wide-open exposure time of 6.4 microseconds for each photograph. A motion picture of a complete combustion process, including the development of knock, taken at the rate of 40,000 photographs a second is also presented to assist the reader in orienting the photographs of the knock development taken at 200,000 frames per second are analyzed and the conclusion is made that the type of knock in the spark-ignition engine involving violent gas vibration originates as a self-propagating disturbance starting at a point in the burning or autoigniting gases and spreading out from that point through the incompletely burned gases at a rate as high as 6800 feet per second, or about twice the speed of sound in the burned gases. Apparent formation of free carbon particles in both the burning and the burned gas is observed within 10 microseconds after passage of the knock disturbance through the gases.
