Convergence And Modernization Revisited

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Convergence and Modernization Revisited

Author : Robert Joseph Barro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Convergence and Modernization Revisited by : Robert Joseph Barro

Download or read book Convergence and Modernization Revisited written by Robert Joseph Barro and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an 80-country panel since the 1960s, the convergence rate for per capita GDP is around 1.7% per year. This "beta convergence" is conditional on an array of explanatory variables that hold constant countries' long-run characteristics. The introduction of country fixed effects generates a much higher-and, I argue, misleading-convergence rate. In a much longer time frame-28 countries since 1870-estimation with country fixed effects is more appropriate, and the estimated convergence rate is around 2.4% per year. Combining the point estimates from the post-1960s and post-1870 panels suggests that the conditional convergence rate is between 1.7% and 2.4% per year, an interval that contains the "iron-law" rate of 2%. In the post-1960s panel, estimation without country fixed effects supports the modernization hypothesis, in the form of positive effects of per capita GDP and schooling on democracy and maintenance of law and order. The long-term panel with country fixed effects also supports modernization, in the sense of a positive effect of per capita GDP on the Polity indicator for democracy. A measure of dispersion-the standard deviation of the log of per capita GDP across 25 countries-is reasonably stable since 1870. This lack of "sigma convergence" is consistent with the presence of beta convergence. For 34 countries-including China and India-observed since 1896, the dispersion of per capita GDP declines since the late 1970s, especially when the country data are weighted by population. This sigma convergence reflects particularly the incorporation of China and India into the world market economy. For 29 countries since 1919, the levels and trends in cross-country dispersion are similar for consumption and GDP.

Trapped in the Middle?

Author : José Antonio Alonso
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192594249
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Trapped in the Middle? by : José Antonio Alonso

Download or read book Trapped in the Middle? written by José Antonio Alonso and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing evidence that overcoming the low-income threshold and reaching middle-income status is not sufficient for countries to converge toward high-income levels. Few middle-income countries have successfully completed that transit in recent decades, with the majority remaining in the middle-income group, and so facing what has come to be called "the middle-income trap". It is therefore essential to explore whether middle-income traps really exist and, if they do, how these pitfalls are manifested, what their causes are, what economic policy measures are required to escape from them, and what international cooperation can do to support this process. Trapped in the Middle? brings together diverse perspectives on these important questions, providing new evidence and analytical approaches to enrich the debate on the domestic and international challenges faced by a significant number of middle-income countries, in which over three-quarters of the global population live.

Global Modernization Review: New Discoveries And Theories Revisited

Author : Chuanqi He
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814616087
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Modernization Review: New Discoveries And Theories Revisited by : Chuanqi He

Download or read book Global Modernization Review: New Discoveries And Theories Revisited written by Chuanqi He and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modernization has effected a profound change in human civilizations and is a global trend since the 18th century. It includes not only the great change and transformation from traditional to modern politics, economies, societies and cultures, but also all human development and protection of the natural environment. Almost all nations in the world are undergoing some kind of modernization consciously or unconsciously, and the modernization drive can also be set as a national goal if they will. The first International Modernization Forum: Modernization and Global Change was held in Beijing in 2013. This volume, emanating from invaluable discussions at the forum, covers research on global modernization, multiple modernities, modernization theory, modernization science, modernization policy, and world modernization indexes.Global Modernization Review offers a collective understanding of the modernization phenomenon and provides invaluable guidance for further study, and significant international and interdisciplinary cooperation for researches on modernization.

Handbook of Macroeconomics

Author : John B. Taylor
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444594884
Total Pages : 2744 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Macroeconomics by : John B. Taylor

Download or read book Handbook of Macroeconomics written by John B. Taylor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-12 with total page 2744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Macroeconomics Volumes 2A and 2B surveys major advances in macroeconomic scholarship since the publication of Volume 1 (1999), carefully distinguishing between empirical, theoretical, methodological, and policy issues, including fiscal, monetary, and regulatory policies to deal with crises, unemployment, and economic growth. As this volume shows, macroeconomics has undergone a profound change since the publication of the last volume, due in no small part to the questions thrust into the spotlight by the worldwide financial crisis of 2008. With contributions from the world’s leading macroeconomists, its reevaluation of macroeconomic scholarship and assessment of its future constitute an investment worth making. Serves a double role as a textbook for macroeconomics courses and as a gateway for students to the latest research Acts as a one-of-a-kind resource as no major collections of macroeconomic essays have been published in the last decade Builds upon Volume 1 by using its section headings to illustrate just how far macroeconomic thought has evolved

History & Mathematics:

Author : Leonid E. Grinin
Publisher : ООО "Издательство "Учитель"
ISBN 13 : 5705752474
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis History & Mathematics: by : Leonid E. Grinin

Download or read book History & Mathematics: written by Leonid E. Grinin and published by ООО "Издательство "Учитель". This book was released on with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present Yearbook (which is the sixth in the series) is subtitled Economy, Demography, Culture, and Cosmic Civilizations. To some extent it reveals the extraordinary potential of scientific research. The common feature of all our Yearbooks, including the present volume, is the usage of formal methods and social studies methods in their synthesis to analyze different phenomena. In other words, if to borrow Alexander Pushkin's words, ‘to verify the algebra with harmony’. One should note that publishing in a single collection the articles that apply mathematical methods to the study of various epochs and scales – from deep historical reconstruction to the pressing problems of the modern world – reflects our approach to the selection of contributions for the Yearbook. History and Mathematics, Social Studies and formal methods, as previously noted, can bring nontrivial results in the studies of different spheres and epochs. This issue consists of three main sections: (I) Historical and Technological Dimensions includes two papers (the first is about the connection between genes, myths and waves of the peopling of Americas; the second one is devoted to quantitative analysis of innovative activity and competition in technological sphere in the Middle Ages and Modern Period); (II) Economic and Cultural Dimensions (the contributions are mostly focused on modern period); (III) Modeling and Theories includes two papers with interesting models (the first one concerns modeling punctuated equilibria apparent in the macropattern of urbanization over time; in the second one the author attempts to estimate the number of Communicative Civilizations). We hope that this issue will be interesting and useful both for historians and mathematicians, as well as for all those dealing with various social and natural sciences.

Revisiting the Indian Financial Sector

Author : Paramita Mukherjee
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811676682
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Revisiting the Indian Financial Sector by : Paramita Mukherjee

Download or read book Revisiting the Indian Financial Sector written by Paramita Mukherjee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-24 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides perspectives on the latest developments and pertinent issues in the Indian financial sector in current times. The reforms initiated in the nineties in the financial sector have transformed the way financial markets and institutions function today. However, certain sectors like banking, and markets like the capital market have undergone sea changes. The research contributions in this book focus on the issues pertaining to such sectors like banking, NBFCs and the stock market. The opening up of financial markets and emergence of institutional investors have been a significant phenomenon in the Indian context. At this backdrop of increasing financial integration, the impact of financial liberalisation on the overall development of the sector, and how the global policies and events influence the Indian financial sector, are analysed in the book. The emergence of new regulations in the capital markets to instill more discipline and transparency, have also changed the way corporates take financing decisions. For example, regulatory authorities are continuously reviewing norms pertaining to issues like promoters’ shareholding owing to risks arising from excessive leverage and the linkages between financial intermediaries. Corporate governance, environmental aspects are some important additions in corporate financing norms in the recent past. The book incorporates a discussion on this, too. Apart from these, the book also has incorporated several aspects on an emerging concept called financial inclusion, its measurement and constraints to achieve the same. And finally, at the backdrop of the disruption created by the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact on the Indian capital market is also discussed. Contributions are based on rigorous empirical research and incorporate the perspectives of renowned academicians in the field of finance and financial economics across the country. Apart from the research community, this book will also be helpful for financial analysts working in the financial sector to have some idea about the current issues, the direction of research on those issues and different perspectives on them.

After the Crisis

Author : Francesco Caselli
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019875468X
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Crisis by : Francesco Caselli

Download or read book After the Crisis written by Francesco Caselli and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume discusses the way forward for European countries as they face the challenges of a period of protracted growth in the wake of the economic and sovereign debt crisis.

Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018)

Author : Sebastiano Bagnara
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319960687
Total Pages : 1071 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) by : Sebastiano Bagnara

Download or read book Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) written by Sebastiano Bagnara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 1071 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018), held on August 26-30, 2018, in Florence, Italy. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors. This volume includes papers addressing the following topics: Ergonomics in Manufacturing, Agriculture, Building and Construction, and Mining, and Human Factors and Sustainable Development.

Confronting The Curse

Author : Cullen Hendrix
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0881326771
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (813 download)

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Book Synopsis Confronting The Curse by : Cullen Hendrix

Download or read book Confronting The Curse written by Cullen Hendrix and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-12 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries blessed with abundant natural resources often seek financial and political power from their supposedly lucky status. But the potentially negative impact of natural resources on development of poor countries is captured in the phrase "the resource curse." Instead of success and prosperity, producers of gold, oil, rubber, sugar, and other commodities—many in the least developed parts of Africa and Asia—often remain mired in poverty and plagued by economic mismanagement, political authoritarianism, foreign exploitation, and violent conflict. These difficulties and the many challenges they pose for American foreign policy are the focus of this important new book. Marcus Noland and Cullen S. Hendrix review recent developments as poor countries struggle to avoid the "resource curse" but fall too often into that trap. They call for support for international efforts to encourage greater transparency and improved management of natural resource wealth and for new partnerships between the West and the developing world to "confront the curse."

Crisis after the Crisis: Economic Development in the New Normal

Author : Luminita Chivu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031309960
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Crisis after the Crisis: Economic Development in the New Normal by : Luminita Chivu

Download or read book Crisis after the Crisis: Economic Development in the New Normal written by Luminita Chivu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development Macroeconomics

Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691165394
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Development Macroeconomics by : Pierre-Richard Agénor

Download or read book Development Macroeconomics written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global financial crisis triggered severe shocks for developing countries, whose embrace of greater commercial and financial openness has increased their exposure to external shocks, both real and financial. This new edition of Development Macroeconomics has been fully revised to address the more open and less stable environment in which developing countries operate today. Describing the latest advances in this rapidly changing field, the book features expanded coverage of public debt and the management of capital inflows as well as new material on fiscal discipline, monetary policy regimes, currency, banking and sovereign debt crises, currency unions, and the choice of an exchange-rate regime. A new chapter on dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models with financial frictions has been added to reflect how the financial crisis has reshaped our thinking on the role of such frictions in generating and propagating real and financial shocks. The book also discusses the role of macroprudential regulation, both independently and through its interactions with monetary policy, in preserving financial and macroeconomic stability. Now in its fourth edition, Development Macroeconomics remains the definitive textbook on the macroeconomics of developing countries. The most authoritative book on the subject—now fully revised and expanded Features new material on fiscal discipline, monetary policy regimes, currency, banking and sovereign debt crises, and much more Comes with online supplements on informal financial markets, stabilization programs, the solution of DSGE models with financial frictions, and exchange rate crises

NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2021

Author : Martin Eichenbaum
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226821722
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2021 by : Martin Eichenbaum

Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2021 written by Martin Eichenbaum and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-05-17 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2021 presents research-central issues in contemporary macroeconomics. Robert Hall and Marianna Kudlyak examine unemployment dynamics during economic recoveries. They present new empirical findings and explore models in which the labor market gradually draws down the stock of unemployed workers in the aftermath of a downturn. Titan Alon, Sena Coskun, Matthias Doepke, David Koll, and Michèle Tertilt analyze the relative decline in employment of women during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated global recession. They show that increased childcare needs, which fell more heavily on women, and differences in occupations both contributed. In the case of the US, however, each of these factors account for less than 20% of the gender gap in hours worked during the pandemic. Richard Rogerson and Johanna Wallenius study the employment rates of older workers in OECD countries over the last forty years. An expansion of institutions incentivizing retirement, concurrent with negative aggregate shocks between 1970 and 1995, led to falling employment rates. This trend started to reverse in the mid-1990s when many of these institutions, such as public pension programs, were cut back. Michael Barnett, William Brock, and Lars Peter Hansen explore the consequences of risk, ambiguity, and model misspecification in climate policy design. They consider carbon emissions pricing and the effects of different sources of uncertainty—such as future information about environmental damage, uncertainties in carbon and temperature dynamics and damage functions, and the role of future green technologies—on policy design. Michael Kremer, Jack Willis, and Yang You present new evidence suggesting a steady trend toward income convergence across countries since the late 1980s. They find convergence in various determinants of economic growth across countries and a flattening of the relationship between growth and these determinants. The paper challenges theories of growth arising after earlier rejections of the neoclassical growth model.

Education Matters

Author : Robert J. Barro
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199379238
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Education Matters by : Robert J. Barro

Download or read book Education Matters written by Robert J. Barro and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned economists Robert Barro and Jong-Wha Lee examine and establish the critical role that education in economic growth, fertility, and democracy. Engaging and informative, Education Matters is a compelling read for students, scholars, and anyone with a passion for education

Towards a Better Global Economy

Author : Franklin Allen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198723458
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards a Better Global Economy by : Franklin Allen

Download or read book Towards a Better Global Economy written by Franklin Allen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substantial progress in the fight against extreme poverty was made in the last two decades. But the slowdown in global economic growth and significant increases in income inequality in many developed and developing countries raise serious concerns about the continuation of this trend into the 21st century. The time has come to seriously think about how improvements in official global governance, coupled with and reinforced by rising activism of 'global citizens' can lead to welfare-enhancing and more equitable results for global citizens through better national and international policies. This book examines the factors that are most likely to facilitate the process of beneficial economic growth in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. It examines past, present, and future economic growth; demographic changes; the hyperglobalization of trade; the effect of finance on growth; climate change and resource depletion; and the sense of global citizenship and the need for global governance in order to draw longer-term implications, identify policy options for improving the lives of average citizens around the world, and make the case for the need to confront new challenges with truly global policy responses. The book documents how demographic changes, convergence, and competition are likely to bring about massive shifts in the sectoral and geographical composition of global output and employment, as the center of gravity of the global economy moves toward Asia and emerging economies elsewhere. It shows that the legacies of the 2008-09 crisis-high unemployment levels, massive excess capacities, and high debt levels-are likely to reduce the standard of living of millions of people in many countries over a long period of adjustment and that fluctuations in international trade, financial markets, and commodity prices, as well as the tendency of institutions at both the national and international level to favor the interests of the better-off and more powerful pose substantial risks for citizens of all countries. The chapters and their policy implications are intended to stimulate public interest and facilitate the exchange of ideas and policy dialogue.

Democratization and Competitive Authoritarianism in Africa

Author : Matthijs Bogaards
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658092165
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Democratization and Competitive Authoritarianism in Africa by : Matthijs Bogaards

Download or read book Democratization and Competitive Authoritarianism in Africa written by Matthijs Bogaards and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The special issue revisits Levitsky and Way’s seminal study on Competitive Authoritarianism (2010). The contributions by North American, European, and African scholars deepen our understanding of the emergence, trajectories, and outcomes of hybrid regimes across the African continent.

News Shocks in Open Economies

Author : Mr.Rabah Arezki
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513543156
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis News Shocks in Open Economies by : Mr.Rabah Arezki

Download or read book News Shocks in Open Economies written by Mr.Rabah Arezki and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-29 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the effect of news shocks on the current account and other macroeconomic variables using worldwide giant oil discoveries as a directly observable measure of news shocks about future output ? the delay between a discovery and production is on average 4 to 6 years. We first present a two-sector small open economy model in order to predict the responses of macroeconomic aggregates to news of an oil discovery. We then estimate the effects of giant oil discoveries on a large panel of countries. Our empirical estimates are consistent with the predictions of the model. After an oil discovery, the current account and saving rate decline for the first 5 years and then rise sharply during the ensuing years. Investment rises robustly soon after the news arrives, while GDP does not increase until after 5 years. Employment rates fall slightly for a sustained period of time.

Handbook of Environmental Economics

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444537732
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Environmental Economics by :

Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Economics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook in Environmental Economics, Volume 4, the latest in this ongoing series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting timely chapters on Modeling Ecosystems and Economic Systems, Framing Sustainability Policy Questions: Who Leads – Ecology or Economics?, Valuing Natural Capital Within an Integrated Economic Ecological, Developing Economies, Urbanization, Climate Change and Health, Viewing Environmental Policy Instruments for Domestic and International Perspective, Quasi experimental Estimation of Environmental Policies, Environment Macro, The Rules for Formal and Informal Institutions in Managing Environmental Resources, and How Should Uncertainty Be Integrated into the Methods for Policy Evaluation? Answers key policy questions facing environmental agencies in developed and developing economies Integrates insights from economics and ecology as part of several key chapters Presents the latest on efforts to review and evaluate the new literatures on field and quasi experiments in environmental economics Provides the first substantive review of environmental macro economics