Conquering Gotham

Download Conquering Gotham PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101218894
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conquering Gotham by : Jill Jonnes

Download or read book Conquering Gotham written by Jill Jonnes and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2007-04-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Superb. [A] first-rate narrative” (The Wall Street Journal) about the controversial construction of New York’s beloved original Penn Station and its tunnels, from the author of Eiffel's Tower and Urban Forests As bestselling books like Ron Chernow's Titan and David McCullough's The Great Bridge affirm, readers are fascinated with the grand personalities and schemes that populated New York at the close of the nineteenth century. Conquering Gotham re- creates the riveting struggle waged by the great Pennsylvania Railroad to build Penn Station and the monumental system of tunnels that would connect water-bound Manhattan to the rest of the continent by rail. Historian Jill Jonnes tells a ravishing tale of snarling plutocrats, engineering feats, and backroom politicking packed with the most colorful figures of Gilded Age New York. Conquering Gotham will be featured in an upcoming episdoe of PBS's American Experience.

Conquering Gotham

Download Conquering Gotham PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 9780670031580
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conquering Gotham by : Jill Jonnes

Download or read book Conquering Gotham written by Jill Jonnes and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2007 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the epic story of the struggle to build Penn Station, describing how the nation's most powerful railroad tackled Tammany Hall corruption and the forces of nature to create a tunnel system linking Manhattan, New Jersey, and Long Island.

Conquering Gotham: A Gilded Age Epic

Download Conquering Gotham: A Gilded Age Epic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781437966633
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (666 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conquering Gotham: A Gilded Age Epic by : Jill Jonnes

Download or read book Conquering Gotham: A Gilded Age Epic written by Jill Jonnes and published by . This book was released on 2009-05-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the 19th cent. ends, PA Railroad pres. Alexander Cassatt seeks some way -- other than fleets of ferries from N.J. -- to bring the PRR¿s millions of passengers into water-locked Gotham. By 1901 the PRR will build a monumental system of electrified tunnels under the Hudson River, Manhattan, and the East River to Long Island, capping them with the crown jewel of PA Station. And so begins a high-stakes Gilded Age drama pitting the nation¿s greatest corp. against the forces of Tammany N.Y. This narrative brings to life the feats of politicking and engineering that forever changed N.Y.¿s physical and psychological geography. In late 1910, PA Station, Charles McKim¿s great Doric temple to transportation, opens in all its magnificence. Photos.

Old Penn Station

Download Old Penn Station PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780805079258
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (792 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Old Penn Station by : William Low

Download or read book Old Penn Station written by William Low and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated account of the construction, history, and demolition of one of the most famous railroad stations in America-- New York City's Penn Station.

Manhattan Gateway

Download Manhattan Gateway PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Kalmbach Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9780890241776
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (417 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Manhattan Gateway by : William D. Middleton

Download or read book Manhattan Gateway written by William D. Middleton and published by Kalmbach Publishing Company. This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the various plans to get the Pennsylvania Railroad into Manhattan (over & under the Hudson R.) and out to the Northeast (across Hell Gate), and the monument that was Penn Station. Covers the tragic loss of that great edifice to the Quislings of Penn & the vulgar boosterism of NYC (which

Empires of Light

Download Empires of Light PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 0375758844
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (757 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Empires of Light by : Jill Jonnes

Download or read book Empires of Light written by Jill Jonnes and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2004-10-12 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gripping history of electricity and how the fateful collision of Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, and George Westinghouse left the world utterly transformed. In the final decades of the nineteenth century, three brilliant and visionary titans of America’s Gilded Age—Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, and George Westinghouse—battled bitterly as each vied to create a vast and powerful electrical empire. In Empires of Light, historian Jill Jonnes portrays this extraordinary trio and their riveting and ruthless world of cutting-edge science, invention, intrigue, money, death, and hard-eyed Wall Street millionaires. At the heart of the story are Thomas Alva Edison, the nation’s most famous and folksy inventor, creator of the incandescent light bulb and mastermind of the world’s first direct current electrical light networks; the Serbian wizard of invention Nikola Tesla, elegant, highly eccentric, a dreamer who revolutionized the generation and delivery of electricity; and the charismatic George Westinghouse, Pittsburgh inventor and tough corporate entrepreneur, an industrial idealist who in the era of gaslight imagined a world powered by cheap and plentiful electricity and worked heart and soul to create it. Edison struggled to introduce his radical new direct current (DC) technology into the hurly-burly of New York City as Tesla and Westinghouse challenged his dominance with their alternating current (AC), thus setting the stage for one of the eeriest feuds in American corporate history, the War of the Electric Currents. The battlegrounds: Wall Street, the 1893 Chicago World’s Fair, Niagara Falls, and, finally, the death chamber—Jonnes takes us on the tense walk down a prison hallway and into the sunlit room where William Kemmler, convicted ax murderer, became the first man to die in the electric chair.

Conquering Gotham

Download Conquering Gotham PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781429528900
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (289 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conquering Gotham by : Jill Jonnes

Download or read book Conquering Gotham written by Jill Jonnes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Superb. [A] first-rate narrative" (The Wall Street Journal) about the controversial construction of New York's beloved original Penn Station and its tunnels As bestselling books like Ron Chernow's Titan and David McCullough's The Great Bridge affirm, readers are fascinated with the grand personalities and schemes that populated New York at the close of the nineteenth century. Conquering Gotham re- creates the riveting struggle waged by the great Pennsylvania Railroad to build Penn Station and the monumental system of tunnels that would connect water-bound Manhattan to the rest of the continent by rail. Historian Jill Jonnes tells a ravishing tale of snarling plutocrats, engineering feats, and backroom politicking packed with the most colorful figures of Gilded Age New York. Conquering Gotham will be featured in an upcoming episdoe of PBS's American Experience

The Utopia of Rules

Download The Utopia of Rules PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Melville House
ISBN 13 : 1612193757
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (121 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Utopia of Rules by : David Graeber

Download or read book The Utopia of Rules written by David Graeber and published by Melville House. This book was released on 2015-02-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the author of the international bestseller Debt: The First 5,000 Years comes a revelatory account of the way bureaucracy rules our lives Where does the desire for endless rules, regulations, and bureaucracy come from? How did we come to spend so much of our time filling out forms? And is it really a cipher for state violence? To answer these questions, the anthropologist David Graeber—one of our most important and provocative thinkers—traces the peculiar and unexpected ways we relate to bureaucracy today, and reveals how it shapes our lives in ways we may not even notice…though he also suggests that there may be something perversely appealing—even romantic—about bureaucracy. Leaping from the ascendance of right-wing economics to the hidden meanings behind Sherlock Holmes and Batman, The Utopia of Rules is at once a powerful work of social theory in the tradition of Foucault and Marx, and an entertaining reckoning with popular culture that calls to mind Slavoj Zizek at his most accessible. An essential book for our times, The Utopia of Rules is sure to start a million conversations about the institutions that rule over us—and the better, freer world we should, perhaps, begin to imagine for ourselves.

The Pennsylvania Railroad, Volume 1

Download The Pennsylvania Railroad, Volume 1 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812207629
Total Pages : 970 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Pennsylvania Railroad, Volume 1 by : Albert J. Churella

Download or read book The Pennsylvania Railroad, Volume 1 written by Albert J. Churella and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2012-10-29 with total page 970 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Do not think of the Pennsylvania Railroad as a business enterprise," Forbes magazine informed its readers in May 1936. "Think of it as a nation." At the end of the nineteenth century, the Pennsylvania Railroad was the largest privately owned business corporation in the world. In 1914, the PRR employed more than two hundred thousand people—more than double the number of soldiers in the United States Army. As the self-proclaimed "Standard Railroad of the World," this colossal corporate body underwrote American industrial expansion and shaped the economic, political, and social environment of the United States. In turn, the PRR was fundamentally shaped by the American landscape, adapting to geography as well as shifts in competitive economics and public policy. Albert J. Churella's masterful account, certain to become the authoritative history of the Pennsylvania Railroad, illuminates broad themes in American history, from the development of managerial practices and labor relations to the relationship between business and government to advances in technology and transportation. Churella situates exhaustive archival research on the Pennsylvania Railroad within the social, economic, and technological changes of nineteenth- and twentieth-century America, chronicling the epic history of the PRR intertwined with that of a developing nation. This first volume opens with the development of the Main Line of Public Works, devised by Pennsylvanians in the 1820s to compete with the Erie Canal. Though a public rather than a private enterprise, the Main Line foreshadowed the establishment of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1846. Over the next decades, as the nation weathered the Civil War, industrial expansion, and labor unrest, the PRR expanded despite competition with rival railroads and disputes with such figures as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller. The dawn of the twentieth century brought a measure of stability to the railroad industry, enabling the creation of such architectural monuments as Pennsylvania Station in New York City. The volume closes at the threshold of American involvement in World War I, as the strategies that PRR executives had perfected in previous decades proved less effective at guiding the company through increasingly tumultuous economic and political waters.

Read On...History

Download Read On...History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1610694325
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Read On...History by : Tina Frolund

Download or read book Read On...History written by Tina Frolund and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Make history come alive! This book helps librarians and teachers as well as readers themselves find books they will enjoy—titles that will animate and explain the past, entertain, and expand their minds. This invaluable resource offers reading lists of contemporary and classic non-fiction history books and historical fiction, covering all time periods throughout the world, and including practically all manner of human endeavors. Every book included is hand-selected as an entertaining and enlightening read! Organized by appeal characteristics, this book will help readers zero in on the history books they will like best—for instance, titles that emphasize character, tell a specific type of historical story, convey a mood, or are presented in a particular setting. Every book listed has been recommended based on the author's research, and has proved to be a satisfying and worthwhile read.

Greater Gotham

Download Greater Gotham PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199911460
Total Pages : 1195 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Greater Gotham by : Mike Wallace

Download or read book Greater Gotham written by Mike Wallace and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 1195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this utterly immersive volume, Mike Wallace captures the swings of prosperity and downturn, from the 1898 skyscraper-driven boom to the Bankers' Panic of 1907, the labor upheaval, and violent repression during and after the First World War. Here is New York on a whole new scale, moving from national to global prominence -- an urban dynamo driven by restless ambition, boundless energy, immigrant dreams, and Wall Street greed. Within the first two decades of the twentieth century, a newly consolidated New York grew exponentially. The city exploded into the air, with skyscrapers jostling for prominence, and dove deep into the bedrock where massive underground networks of subways, water pipes, and electrical conduits sprawled beneath the city to serve a surging population of New Yorkers from all walks of life. New York was transformed in these two decades as the world's second-largest city and now its financial capital, thriving and sustained by the city's seemingly unlimited potential. Wallace's new book matches its predecessor in pure page-turning appeal and takes America's greatest city to new heights.

Antiquity in Gotham

Download Antiquity in Gotham PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 0823293858
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Antiquity in Gotham by : Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis

Download or read book Antiquity in Gotham written by Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first detailed study of “Neo-Antique” architecture applies an archaeological lens to the study of New York City’s structures Since the city’s inception, New Yorkers have deliberately and purposefully engaged with ancient architecture to design and erect many of its most iconic buildings and monuments, including Grand Central Terminal and the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Memorial Arch in Brooklyn, as well as forgotten gems such as Snug Harbor on Staten Island and the Gould Memorial Library in the Bronx. Antiquity in Gotham interprets the various ways ancient architecture was re-conceived in New York City from the eighteenth century to the early twenty-first century. Contextualizing New York’s Neo-Antique architecture within larger American architectural trends, author Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis applies an archaeological lens to the study of the New York buildings that incorporated these various models in their design, bringing together these diverse sources of inspiration into a single continuum. Antiquity in Gotham explores how ancient architecture communicated the political ideals of the new republic through the adaptation of Greek and Roman architecture, how Egyptian temples conveyed the city’s new technological achievements, and how the ancient Near East served many artistic masters, decorating the interiors of glitzy Gilded Age restaurants and the tops of skyscrapers. Rather than classifying neo-classical (and Greek Revival), Egyptianizing, and architecture inspired by the ancient Near East into distinct categories, Macaulay-Lewis applies the Neo-Antique framework that considers the similarities and differences—intellectually, conceptually, and chronologically—among the reception of these different architectural traditions. This fundamentally interdisciplinary project draws upon all available evidence and archival materials—such as the letters and memos of architects and their patrons, and the commentary in contemporary newspapers and magazines—to provide a lively multi-dimensional analysis that examines not only the city’s ancient buildings and rooms themselves but also how New Yorkers envisaged them, lived in them, talked about them, and reacted to them. Antiquity offered New Yorkers architecture with flexible aesthetic, functional, cultural, and intellectual resonances—whether it be the democratic ideals of Periclean Athens, the technological might of Pharaonic Egypt, or the majesty of Imperial Rome. The result of these dialogues with ancient architectural forms was the creation of innovative architecture that has defined New York City’s skyline throughout its history.

Crossing the Hudson

Download Crossing the Hudson PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813549507
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Crossing the Hudson by : Donald Wolf

Download or read book Crossing the Hudson written by Donald Wolf and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fog, tide, ice, and human error--before the American Revolution those who ventured to cross the vast Hudson Valley waterway did so on ferryboats powered by humans, animals, and even fierce winds. Before that war, not a single Hudson River bridge or tunnel had been built. It wasn't until Americans looked to the land in the fight for independence that the importance of crossing the river efficiently became a subject of serious interest, especially militarily. Later, the needs of a new transportation system became critical--when steam railroads first rolled along there was no practical way to get them across the water without bridges. Crossing the Hudson continues this story soon after the end of the war, in 1805, when the first bridge was completed. Donald E. Wolf simultaneously tracks the founding of the towns and villages along the water's edge and the development of technologies such as steam and internal combustion that demanded new ways to cross the river. As a result, innovative engineering was created to provide for these resources. From hybrid, timber arch, and truss bridges on stone piers to long-span suspension and cantilevered bridges, railroad tunnels, and improvements in iron and steel technology, the construction feats that cross the Hudson represent technical elegance and physical beauty. Crossing the Hudson reveals their often multileveled stories--a history of where, why, when, and how these structures were built; the social, political, and commercial forces that influenced decisions to erect them; the personalities of the planners and builders; the unique connection between a builder and his bridge; and the design and construction techniques that turned mythical goals into structures of utility and beauty.

German Monuments in the Americas

Download German Monuments in the Americas PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Peter Lang
ISBN 13 : 9783034301381
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis German Monuments in the Americas by : Hans A. Pohlsander

Download or read book German Monuments in the Americas written by Hans A. Pohlsander and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2010 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the many transatlantic bonds which have linked and still link Germany and the United States. German immigrants to the Americas brought with them a good deal of cultural baggage. They cultivated their German heritage in their schools, churches, and clubs. They expressed pride in this heritage by erecting monuments to Goethe or Schiller, Beethoven or Wagner, Alexander von Humboldt or «Turnvater» Jahn. They claimed Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, Carl Schurz, Gustave Koerner, and John A. Roebling as their own. But German-born or German-trained sculptors did not limit themselves to German subjects. They also paid tribute to America by creating sculptures of Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and others who occupy a place of honor in American history. While a few German monuments can be found in Canada and in Latin America, the number of German monuments in the United States is surprisingly large. These monuments illustrate the contribution - often overlooked or ignored - of the German-American community to American society and American cultural life.

The Opening of American Law

Download The Opening of American Law PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199331308
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Opening of American Law by : Herbert Hovenkamp

Download or read book The Opening of American Law written by Herbert Hovenkamp and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two late Victorian ideas disrupted American legal thought: the Darwinian theory of evolution and marginalist economics. The legal thought that emerged can be called 'neoclassical', because it embodied ideas that were radically new while retaining many elements of what had gone before. Although Darwinian social science was developed earlier, in most legal disciplines outside of criminal law and race theory marginalist approaches came to dominate. This book carries these themes through a variety of legal subjects in both public and private law.

Nikita Khrushchev's Journey into America

Download Nikita Khrushchev's Journey into America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 070062788X
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nikita Khrushchev's Journey into America by : Lawrence J. Nelson

Download or read book Nikita Khrushchev's Journey into America written by Lawrence J. Nelson and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Nikita Khrushchev toured America in 1959 —the first Russian leader ever to set foot in the Western Hemisphere, let alone the United States—the country was enjoying a period of unprecedented prosperity, just as the Cold War and the possibility of thermonuclear annihilation were causing widespread, bone-deep dread throughout the land. This book for the first time fully explores Khrushchev’s journey as a reflection of a critical moment in US life. Deeply researched and deftly written, Nikita Khrushchev’s Journey into America captures that moment in all its complexity and implications, describing not only the Russian leader’s occasionally surreal itinerary (a tantrum at being denied entry into Disneyland, for instance, or a near-riot upon wandering into a grocery store in San Francisco) but also the tenor of the crowds and the country along the way. Following Khrushchev from his arrival in the nation’s capital to the eerily silent greeting of hundreds of thousands of spectators to his tickling of pigs, kissing of babies, and glad-handing of union workers and farm laborers in rural Iowa to his encounter with President Dwight Eisenhower, Nelson and Schoenbachler’s work offers glimpses of the clash between a true believer in the Soviet system and the icons of capitalism and visions of prosperity he repeatedly confronted on his trip. At the same time the book shows us the American people of the time coming to terms with who they were even as they confronted the embodiment of everything they believed they weren’t: atheistic, socialist, and ideological. As the narrative unfolds, Khrushchev’s visit can be understood as easily the most democratic event of the Cold War, one that laid bare the depth of ideological commitments on both sides of the geopolitical divide as well as the key role of religion in shaping Americans’ reactions to the Soviet leader and to the Cold War itself.

Midnight Rambles

Download Midnight Rambles PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 1531504434
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Midnight Rambles by : David J. Goodwin

Download or read book Midnight Rambles written by David J. Goodwin and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2023-11-07 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A micro-biography of horror fiction’s most influential author and his love–hate relationship with New York City. By the end of his life and near financial ruin, pulp horror writer Howard Phillips Lovecraft resigned himself to the likelihood that his writing would be forgotten. Today, Lovecraft stands alongside J. R. R. Tolkien as the most influential genre writer of the twentieth century. His reputation as an unreformed racist and bigot, however, leaves readers to grapple with his legacy. Midnight Rambles explores Lovecraft’s time in New York City, a crucial yet often overlooked chapter in his life that shaped his literary career and the inextricable racism in his work. Initially, New York stood as a place of liberation for Lovecraft. During the brief period between 1924 and 1926 when he lived there, Lovecraft joined a creative community and experimented with bohemian living in the publishing and cultural capital of the United States. He also married fellow writer Sonia H. Greene, a Ukrainian-Jewish émigré in the fashion industry. However, cascading personal setbacks and his own professional ineptitude soured him on New York. As Lovecraft became more frustrated, his xenophobia and racism became more pronounced. New York’s large immigrant population and minority communities disgusted him, and this mindset soon became evident in his writing. Many of his stories from this era are infused with racial and ethnic stereotypes and nativist themes, most notably his overtly racist short story, “The Horror at Red Hook,” set in Red Hook, Brooklyn. His personal letters reveal an even darker bigotry. Author David J. Goodwin presents a chronological micro-biography of Lovecraft’s New York years, emphasizing Lovecraft’s exploration of the city environment, the greater metropolitan region, and other locales and how they molded him as a writer and as an individual. Drawing from primary sources (letters, memoirs, and published personal reflections) and secondary sources (biographies and scholarship), Midnight Rambles develops a portrait of a talented and troubled author and offers insights into his unsettling beliefs on race, ethnicity, and immigration.