Conceptual Design Of Minor Actinides Burner With An Accelerator Driven Subcritical System

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Conceptual Design of Minor Actinides Burner with an Accelerator-driven Subcritical System

Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)

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Download or read book Conceptual Design of Minor Actinides Burner with an Accelerator-driven Subcritical System written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the environmental impact study of the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, the limit of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) for disposal is assessed at 70,000 metric tons of heavy metal (MTHM), among which 63,000 MTHM are the projected SNF discharge from U.S. commercial nuclear power plants though 2011. Within the 70,000 MTHM of SNF in storage, approximately 115 tons would be minor actinides (MAs) and 585 tons would be plutonium. This study describes the conceptual design of an accelerator-driven subcritical (ADS) system intended to utilize (burn) the 115 tons of MAs. The ADS system consists of a subcritical fission blanket where the MAs fuel will be burned, a spallation neutron source to drive the fission blanket, and a radiation shield to reduce the radiation dose to an acceptable level. The spallation neutrons are generated from the interaction of a 1 GeV proton beam with a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) or liquid lead target. In this concept, the fission blanket consists of a liquid mobile fuel and the fuel carrier can be LBE, liquid lead, or molten salt. The actinide fuel materials are dissolved, mixed, or suspended in the liquid fuel carrier. Therefore, fresh fuel can be fed into the fission blanket to adjust its reactivity and to control system power during operation. Monte Carlo analyses were performed to determine the overall parameters of an ADS system utilizing LBE as an example. Steady-state Monte Carlo simulations were studied for three fission blanket configurations that are similar except that the loaded amount of actinide fuel in the LBE is either 5, 7, or 10% of the total volume of the blanket, respectively. The neutron multiplication factor values of the three configurations are all approximately 0.98 and the MA initial inventories are each approximately 10 tons. Monte Carlo burnup simulations using the MCB5 code were performed to analyze the performance of the three conceptual ADS systems. Preliminary burnup analysis shows that all three conceptual ADS systems consume about 1.2 tons of actinides per year and produce 3 GW thermal power, with a proton beam power of 25 MW. Total MA fuel that would be consumed in the first 10 years of operation is 9.85, 11.80, or 12.68 tons, respectively, for the systems with 5, 7, or 10% actinide fuel particles loaded in the LBE. The corresponding annual MA fuel transmutation rate after reaching equilibrium at 10 years of operation is 0.83, 0.94, or 1.02 tons/year, respectively. Assuming that the ADS systems can be operated for 35 full-power years, the total MAs consumed in the three ADS systems are 30.6, 35.3, and 37.2 tons, respectively. For the three configurations, it is estimated that 3.8, 3.3, or 3.1 ADS system units are required to utilize the entire 115 tons of MA fuel in the SNF inventory, respectively.

Status of Accelerator Driven Systems Research and Technology Development

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : IAEA Tecdoc
ISBN 13 : 9789201053152
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (531 download)

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Book Synopsis Status of Accelerator Driven Systems Research and Technology Development by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Status of Accelerator Driven Systems Research and Technology Development written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Tecdoc. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest challenges for nuclear energy is how to properly manage the highly radioactive waste generated during irradiation in nuclear reactors. Accelerator Driven Systems (ADSs) may offer new prospects and advantages for the transmutation of such high level nuclear waste. ADS or accelerator driven transmutation of waste (ATW) consists of a high power proton accelerator, a heavy metal spallation target that produces neutrons when bombarded by the high power beam, and a sub-critical core that is neutronically coupled to the spallation target. This publication provides a comprehensive state of the art of the ADS technology by representing the different ADS concepts proposed worldwide in the last 15 years, as well as the related R&D activities and demonstration initiatives carried out at national international level.

Nuclear Power Reactor Designs

Author : Jun Wang
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323999468
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Power Reactor Designs by : Jun Wang

Download or read book Nuclear Power Reactor Designs written by Jun Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Power Reactor Designs: From History to Advances analyzes nuclear designs throughout history and explains how each of those has helped to shape and inform the nuclear reactor designs of today and the future. Focused on the structure, systems and relevant components of each reactor design, this book provides the readers with answers to key questions to help them understand the benefits of each design. Each reactor design is introduced, their origin defined, and the relevant research presented before an analysis of its successes, what was learned, and how research and technology advanced as a result are presented. Students, researchers and early career engineers will gain a solid understanding of how nuclear designs have evolved, and how they will continue to develop in the future. Presents reactor designs through history to present day, focusing on key structures, systems and components Provides readers with quick answers about various design principles and rationales Includes new approaches such as the micro-reactor and small-modular reactors

Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides

Download Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides PDF Online Free

Author : Joachim U. Knebel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides by : Joachim U. Knebel

Download or read book Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides written by Joachim U. Knebel and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nuclear Wastes

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309052262
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Wastes by : National Research Council

Download or read book Nuclear Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.

Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering

Author : Damien Feron
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 085709534X
Total Pages : 1073 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering by : Damien Feron

Download or read book Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering written by Damien Feron and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of nuclear materials, i.e. the interaction between these materials and their environments, is a major issue for plant safety as well as for operation and economic competitiveness. Understanding these corrosion mechanisms, the systems and materials they affect, and the methods to accurately measure their incidence is of critical importance to the nuclear industry. Combining assessment techniques and analytical models into this understanding allows operators to predict the service life of corrosion-affected nuclear plant materials, and to apply the most appropriate maintenance and mitigation options to ensure safe long term operation.This book critically reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities. Initial sections introduce the complex field of nuclear corrosion science, with detailed chapters on the different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them. This is complemented by reviews of monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches. Given that corrosion is an applied science, the final sections review corrosion issues across the range of current and next-generation nuclear reactors, and across such nuclear applications as fuel reprocessing facilities, radioactive waste storage and geological disposal systems.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Nuclear corrosion science and engineering is an invaluable reference for nuclear metallurgists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as nuclear facility operators, regulators and consultants, and researchers and academics in this field. - Comprehensively reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities - Chapters assess different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them - Considers monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches

Nuclear Back-end and Transmutation Technology for Waste Disposal

Author : Ken Nakajima
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 4431551115
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Back-end and Transmutation Technology for Waste Disposal by : Ken Nakajima

Download or read book Nuclear Back-end and Transmutation Technology for Waste Disposal written by Ken Nakajima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers essential aspects of transmutation technologies, highlighting especially the advances in Japan. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has caused us to focus attention on a large amount of spent nuclear fuels stored in NPPs. In addition, public anxiety regarding the treatment and disposal of high-level radioactive wastes that require long-term control is growing. The Japanese policy on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle is still unpredictable in the aftermath of the accident. Therefore, research and development for enhancing the safety of various processes involved in nuclear energy production are being actively pursued worldwide. In particular, nuclear transmutation technology has been drawing significant attention after the accident. This publication is timely with the following highlights: 1) Development of accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), which is a brand-new reactor concept for transmutation of highly radioactive wastes; 2) Nuclear reactor systems from the point of view of the nuclear fuel cycle. How to reduce nuclear wastes or how to treat them including the debris from TEPCO’s Fukushima nuclear power stations is discussed; and 3) Environmental radioactivity, radioactive waste treatment and geological disposal policy. State-of-the-art technologies for overall back-end issues of the nuclear fuel cycle as well as the technologies of transmutation are presented here. The chapter authors are actively involved in the development of ADSs and transmutation-related technologies. The future of the back-end issues in Japan is very uncertain after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP and this book provides an opportunity for readers to consider the future direction of those issues.

Advanced Nuclear Systems Consuming Excess Plutonium

Author : E.R. Merz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400708602
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Nuclear Systems Consuming Excess Plutonium by : E.R. Merz

Download or read book Advanced Nuclear Systems Consuming Excess Plutonium written by E.R. Merz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of recent developments in the field of plutonium disposal by the application of advanced nuclear systems, both critical and subcritical. Current national R&D plans are summarized. The actinide-fuelled critical reactors are associated with control problems, since they tend to have a small delayed neutron fraction coupled with a small Doppler effect and a positive void coefficient. Current thinking is turning to accelerator-driven subcritical systems for the transmutation of actinides. The book's conclusion is that the various systems proposed are technically feasible, even though not yet technically mature. The book presents a unique summary and evaluation of all relevant possibilities for burning surplus plutonium, presented by experts from a variety of different disciplines and interests, including the defence establishment. The obvious issue - the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons - is vital, but the matter represents a complex technological challenge that also requires an assessment in economic terms.

Technologies Using Accelerator-driven Targets Under Development at BNL.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Technologies Using Accelerator-driven Targets Under Development at BNL. by :

Download or read book Technologies Using Accelerator-driven Targets Under Development at BNL. written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent development work conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory on technologies which use particle accelerator-driven targets is summarized. These efforts include development of the Spallation-Induced Lithium Conversion (SILC) Target for the Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT), the Accelerator-Driven Assembly for Plutonium Transformation (ADAPT) Target for the Accelerator-Based Conversion (ABC) of excess weapons plutonium. The PHOENIX Concept for the accelerator-driven transmutation of minor actinides and fission products from the waste stream of commercial nuclear power plants, and other potential applications.

Radioactive Waste Management

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Radioactive Waste Management by :

Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Minor Actinide Burning in Thermal Reactors

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Minor Actinide Burning in Thermal Reactors by :

Download or read book Minor Actinide Burning in Thermal Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reactor Fuels, Materials and Systems under Extreme Environments

Author : Wenzhong Zhou
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889747662
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Reactor Fuels, Materials and Systems under Extreme Environments by : Wenzhong Zhou

Download or read book Reactor Fuels, Materials and Systems under Extreme Environments written by Wenzhong Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, Volume 1

Author : Chengmin Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819910234
Total Pages : 1179 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, Volume 1 by : Chengmin Liu

Download or read book Proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, Volume 1 written by Chengmin Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 1179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first in a series of three volumes of proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference (PBNC 2022) which was held by Chinese Nuclear Society. As one in the most important and influential conference series of nuclear science and technology, the 23rd PBNC was held in Beijing and Chengdu, China in 2022 with the theme “Nuclear Innovation for Zero-carbon Future”. For taking solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, future-oriented nuclear energy should be developed in an innovative way for meeting global energy demands and coordinating the deployment mechanism. It brought together outstanding nuclear scientists and technical experts, senior industry executives, senior government officials and international energy organization leaders from all across the world. The proceedings highlight the latest scientific, technological and industrial advances in Nuclear Safety and Security, Operations and Maintenance, New Builds, Waste Management, Spent Fuel, Decommissioning, Supply Capability and Quality Management, Fuel Cycles, Digital Reactor and New Technology, Innovative Reactors and New Applications, Irradiation Effects, Public Acceptance and Education, Economics, Medical and Biological Applications, and also the student program that intends to raise students’ awareness in fully engaging in this career and keep them updated on the current situation and future trends. These proceedings are not only a good summary of the new developments in the field, but also a useful guideline for the researchers, engineers and graduate students. This is an open access book.

Thorium Fuel Cycle

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Thorium Fuel Cycle by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical review of the thorium fuel cycle: potential benefits and challenges in the thorium fuel cycle, mainly based on the latest developments at the front end of the fuel cycle, applying thorium fuel cycle options, and at the back end of the thorium fuel cycle.

Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides by :

Download or read book Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

New Ways and Needs for Exploiting Nuclear Energy

Author : Didier Sornette
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319976524
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis New Ways and Needs for Exploiting Nuclear Energy by : Didier Sornette

Download or read book New Ways and Needs for Exploiting Nuclear Energy written by Didier Sornette and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-29 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of mankind is a story of ascent to unprecedented levels of comfort, productivity and consumption, enabled by the increased mastery of the basic reserves and flows of energy. This miraculous trajectory is confronted by the consensus that anthropogenic emissions are harmful and must decrease, requiring de-carbonization of the energy system. The mature field of indicator-based sustainability assessment provides a rigorous systematic framework to balance the pros and cons of the various existing energy technologies using lifecycle assessments and weighting criteria covering the environment, economy, and society, as the three pillars of sustainability. In such a framework, nuclear power is ranked favorably, but since emphasis is often placed on radioactive wastes and risk aversion, renewables are usually ranked top. However, quantifying the severity of the consequences of nuclear accidents on a rough integral cost basis and balancing severity with low core-damage accident probabilities indicates that the average external cost of such accidents is similar to that of modern renewables, and far less than carbon-based energy. This book formulates the overall goal and associated unprecedented demanding criteria of taming nuclear risks by excluding mechanisms that lead to serious accidents and avoiding extremely long stewardship times as far as possible, by design. It reviews the key design features of nuclear power generation, paving the way for the exploration of radically new combinations of technologies to come up with “revolutionary” or even “exotic” system designs. The book also provides scores for the selected designs and discusses the high potential for far-reaching improvements, with small modular lines of the best versions as being most attractive. Given the ambition and challenges, the authors call for an urgent increase in funding of at least two orders of magnitude for a broad international civilian “super-Apollo” program on nuclear energy systems. Experience indicates that such investments in fundamental technologies enable otherwise unattainable revolutionary innovations with massive beneficial spillovers to the private sector and the public for the next generations.

Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides by :

Download or read book Thermalhydraulic and Material Specific Investigations Into the Realization of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) to Transmute Minor Actinides written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: