Competition In Supply Chain With Service Contributions

Download Competition In Supply Chain With Service Contributions full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Competition In Supply Chain With Service Contributions ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Competition in Supply Chain with Service Contributions

Author : Chayakrit Charoensiriwath
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (67 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Competition in Supply Chain with Service Contributions by : Chayakrit Charoensiriwath

Download or read book Competition in Supply Chain with Service Contributions written by Chayakrit Charoensiriwath and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the supply chain with two manufacturers producing competing products and selling them through a common retailer. The two manufacturers must decide on the wholesale price and the level of service they plan to provide to the consumer. Each firm are assumed to optimize only its own profit (uncoordinated). The consumer demand depends on two factors: (1) retail price, and (2) service level provided by the manufacturer. We extend the study on this basic model in three directions. First, we explore the role of bargaining power in supply chain strategic interactions. We derive and compare equilibrium solutions for the supply chain under three different scenarios (e.g., Manufacturer Stackelberg, Retailer Stackelberg, and Vertical Nash). Second, we extend the framework to study multi-period model. In this model, demand also depends on the past period retail prices and service levels, as well as current prices and service levels. Game-theoretic approaches and dynamic system and control theory are used as tools to model the problem. Finally, we examine a single period problem with stochastic demand. When demand is uncertain, the retailer faces a newsvendor-type problem. In our model, the newsvendor must manage two competing products against a price-dependent demand. We derive an expression for the newsvendor's optimal retail prices. Next, we provide an algorithm to search for the equilibrium wholesale price and service level, given that the manufacturers know the retailer's reaction function. Some numerical examples are provided.

Surviving Supply Chain Integration

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173418
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Surviving Supply Chain Integration by : National Research Council

Download or read book Surviving Supply Chain Integration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The managed flow of goods and information from raw material to final sale also known as a "supply chain" affects everythingâ€"from the U.S. gross domestic product to where you can buy your jeans. The nature of a company's supply chain has a significant effect on its success or failureâ€"as in the success of Dell Computer's make-to-order system and the failure of General Motor's vertical integration during the 1998 United Auto Workers strike. Supply Chain Integration looks at this crucial component of business at a time when product design, manufacture, and delivery are changing radically and globally. This book explores the benefits of continuously improving the relationship between the firm, its suppliers, and its customers to ensure the highest added value. This book identifies the state-of-the-art developments that contribute to the success of vertical tiers of suppliers and relates these developments to the capabilities that small and medium-sized manufacturers must have to be viable participants in this system. Strategies for attaining these capabilities through manufacturing extension centers and other technical assistance providers at the national, state, and local level are suggested. This book identifies action steps for small and medium-sized manufacturersâ€"the "seed corn" of business start-up and developmentâ€"to improve supply chain management. The book examines supply chain models from consultant firms, universities, manufacturers, and associations. Topics include the roles of suppliers and other supply chain participants, the rise of outsourcing, the importance of information management, the natural tension between buyer and seller, sources of assistance to small and medium-sized firms, and a host of other issues. Supply Chain Integration will be of interest to industry policymakers, economists, researchers, business leaders, and forward-thinking executives.

Strategic Supply Chain Alignment

Author : John Gattorna
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351897527
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Strategic Supply Chain Alignment by : John Gattorna

Download or read book Strategic Supply Chain Alignment written by John Gattorna and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supply chain performance will be a key indicator of overall corporate success into the next century. This book, edited by logistics and supply chain expert John Gattorna, and with international contributions, presents unpublished material on next generation thinking about the management of the supply chain. Based on the recently developed strategic alignment model it shows how external market dynamics, the company’s strategic response, and internal capability must be aligned if competitive advantage is to be achieved. Supply chain management is a strategic challenge demanding top level management attention. This book tackles the subject at that strategic level to help companies reposition their supply chains successfully. The book then offers the vital link between strategy setting and implementation, providing comprehensive coverage of the main areas of execution, and making it an essential compendium on all aspects of the subject. With case studies from major organizations from around the world, it is a ’must’ read for anyone wishing to be at the forefront of international supply chain management thinking. Strategic Supply Chain Alignment brings together for the first time the world’s leading logistics professionals, management consultants and academics to offer their insights and experiences on the latest supply chain management techniques. This collection of previously unpublished material offers the reader a unique opportunity to identify the hot issues, discover emerging strategies and uncover key industry and market perspectives. Divided into five sections which reflect the important components of the strategic alignment model, the book covers: The market: Customer value creation and segmentation, and the rationale behind the integration of supply with demand. Strategic response: Considers channel strategy, supply chain configuration and operations and distribution management. Culture: Adopting organization options which focus on delivering.

Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management

Author : John T. Mentzer
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1452236941
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management by : John T. Mentzer

Download or read book Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management written by John T. Mentzer and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2004-05-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is an insightful, well-balanced, stimulating SCM Strategy book that clearly tells managers, consultants, as well as educators that the SCM concept is not a fad but a must strategy to gain competitive advantage in today′s dynamic global market place. There are three major strengths. First, it is an unprecedented interdisciplinary SCM strategy book that explains how companies obtain, maintain, and even enhance competitive advantages based upon a well-laid SCM strategy. Second, it provides readers a unique, well-balanced framework for SCM strategy formulation. Third, it is a valuable contribution in the area of SCM in that it does a good job in explaining such a complicated SCM strategy to readers in such a simple manner." —Soonhong (Hong) Min, University of Oklahoma Author of the bestselling text Supply Chain Management, John T. Mentzer′s companion book Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management: Twelve Drivers of Competitive Advantage has been developed as a supplemental text for any course dealing with strategy and supply chains. Written in an entertaining, accessible style, Mentzer identifies twelve drivers of competitive advantage as clear strategic points managers can use in their companies. Research from more than 400 books, articles, and papers, as well as interviews with over fifty executives in major global companies, inform these twelve drivers. The roles of all of the traditional business functions—marketing, sales, logistics, information systems, finance, customer services, and management—in supply chain management are also addressed. Complete with cases and real-world examples from corporations around the world, the book′s exemplars will help students and practicing managers to more effectively understand, implement, and manage supply chains successfully.

Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Strategic Partnerships in the Supply Chain

Author : Niklas Jeschke
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638025950
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Strategic Partnerships in the Supply Chain by : Niklas Jeschke

Download or read book Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Strategic Partnerships in the Supply Chain written by Niklas Jeschke and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-03-19 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - General, grade: 1,4, European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel, language: English, abstract: 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 NATURE OF THE PROBLEM AND OBJECTIVE Due to the impact of globalization on our economy and the growing dynamic of markets, competition between companies has changed over the last decades. Shorter product life cycles, the pressure on prices, or the high costs of research and development for better products have made it difficult for today’s companies to prevail against their competitors in the contest for profits. But also the challenge to meet the high levels of customers’ quality and service demand has weakened a company’s ability to differentiate itself from its competitors. Especially small and medium-sized enterprises have to face this problem when competing against bigger companies. Thus, these facts contribute to the implication of finding new and alternative ways of gaining a strategic and competitive advantage. One measure of doing so is to establish so called strategic partnerships, by leaving the stage of company-versus-company competition. By this means, the partners use synergy effects and bundle their strengths to aim for growth and profit enhancement. Such strategic partnerships have become very popular over the last years. This form of collaboration is used in particular by large multinational firms to develop new products and services, and to enter new markets. Even though strategic partnerships are strongly increasing in number, approximately 50- 60% of them fail in achieving their original goals. Therefore, it is important to analyze what strategic partnerships are, how they work and whether they are more suitable for some areas than for others. The goal of this seminar paper is to discuss to which extent strategic partnerships can help companies to gain a strategic advantage in the supply chain. I will thereby focus on two points: Firstly, which are the areas most applicable for strategic alliances? And secondly, what are the decisive parameters a company has to take into account when building a strategic partnership?

Competitive Supply Chains

Author : Enver Yücesan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 113753267X
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Competitive Supply Chains by : Enver Yücesan

Download or read book Competitive Supply Chains written by Enver Yücesan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competitive Supply Chains uniquely focuses on European and Asian companies, which have found innovative ways of orchestrating effective systems. This new edition builds upon the ideas explored by the author in Competitive Supply Chains (2007), featuring new content and analysis.

Supply Chains

Author : David A. Taylor
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN 13 : 9780201844634
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (446 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Supply Chains by : David A. Taylor

Download or read book Supply Chains written by David A. Taylor and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2004 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bestselling author Taylor shows readers how to assemble a killer supply chain using the knowledge, technology, and tools employed in supply-chain success stories. Using his signature fast-track summaries, graphics, and sidebars, Taylor offers a clear roadmap to understanding and solving the complex problems of supply-chain management.

Competitive Supply Chains

Author : E. Yücesan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230598366
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Competitive Supply Chains by : E. Yücesan

Download or read book Competitive Supply Chains written by E. Yücesan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-03 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emphasizes three key messages; value, alignment and sustainability. The authors believe that SCM is a value enabler with strategic decisions in supply chain design. The text also argues that economic incentives should be designed to ensure the much needed alignment and supply chain design should be viewed as a dynamic process.

Supply Chain Integration for Sustainable Advantages

Author : Yongyi Shou
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811693323
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Supply Chain Integration for Sustainable Advantages by : Yongyi Shou

Download or read book Supply Chain Integration for Sustainable Advantages written by Yongyi Shou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic literature review and a set of empirical studies on supply chain integration. Supply chain management is recognized as an essential means for firms to achieve competitive advantages, in which supply chain integration is regarded as the core for operational excellence: shorter lead time, lower inventory, faster delivery, and higher product and service quality. Using data from an international survey of manufacturing firms, an interrelated set of studies that investigate supply chain integration from different perspectives at multiple levels are conducted. Intra-organizational factors such as products, production systems, and socio-technical systems are examined to understand their effects on supply chain integration, indicating that firms need to implement different types of supply chain integration for specific competitive priorities. Then, the outcomes of supply chain integration, including its impact on risk management and sustainability management, are investigated from an inter-organizational perspective. The firm is embedded in a manufacturing network, a global supply chain, or both, and it can use supply chain integration as a strategic action for risks. Sustainability has been a vital issue for manufacturers, and supply chain integration can enhance its success. This book makes significant contributions to the relevant literature on supply chain integration and offers insights to supply chain managers in manufacturing industries.

How to obtain a competitive advantage through logistics

Author : Tobias Hinterwimmer
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668872058
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (688 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis How to obtain a competitive advantage through logistics by : Tobias Hinterwimmer

Download or read book How to obtain a competitive advantage through logistics written by Tobias Hinterwimmer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Supply, Production, Logistics, grade: 1,0, Boston University (Metropolitan College), course: Strategic Logistics Management, language: English, abstract: This paper presents the complexities and challenges companies are facing on its way to achieve a competitive advantage through logistics. If set up properly, a company can obtain a competitive advantage through logistics by taking the superior position within an industry regarding cost reductions, service diversity, flexibility and reliability, as well as satisfying and constantly exceeding customer expectations and requirements. The most essential steps on a company’s way to achieve a competitive advantage contain reaching a high level of logistical value proposition and logistical management integration, supported by highly skilled employees and information technologies.

Identifying Supply Chain Strategies of Firms with Best Supply Chain Performance

Author : Nitin Gulati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (666 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Identifying Supply Chain Strategies of Firms with Best Supply Chain Performance by : Nitin Gulati

Download or read book Identifying Supply Chain Strategies of Firms with Best Supply Chain Performance written by Nitin Gulati and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Business Climate has been rapidly changing and has become more competitive. Enterprise now not only needs to operate at a lower cost to compete, it must also develop its own core competencies to distinguish itself from competitors and stand out in the market. The focus has now moved towards improving operational efficiency to stay competitive. Supply Chain is one of the important areas which almost every company is currently working to improve their operation efficiency. Improving operational efficiency in supply chain has three aspects including improving supply chain strategies, following better supply chain management practices, and aligning supply chain strategy with overall business strategy. Our thesis research objective is to understand what policies, capabilities, and strategies of an enterprises leads to best supply chain management. The research is cross industry, across all supply chain management domain and will shed light on what makes companies "best performer" by identifying and exploring the distinctive capabilities required in five key supply chain domains that contribute to high performance in the relevant operational metrics. The domains studied in our research are supply chain planning, fulfillment, service management, product lifecycle management, and, manufacturing. Another objective of our thesis is to relate domain performance of the firm with the firm's value proposition. The three value propositions considered in the thesis are product leadership/innovation, cost competitiveness, and customer service.

Sustainable Logistics and Supply Chains

Author : Meng Lu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319174193
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Sustainable Logistics and Supply Chains by : Meng Lu

Download or read book Sustainable Logistics and Supply Chains written by Meng Lu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-04 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the main challenges affecting modern logistics and supply chains and is organized according to five main themes: supply chain strategy and management, information and communication technology (ICT) for logistics and related business models, vertical and horizontal collaboration, intelligent hubs (e.g. ports and cities) and policy for sustainable logistics. The key findings presented are based on both extensive research and on business cases. The book examines logistics from a comprehensive viewpoint embracing the entire supply chain. The overarching advanced logistics and supply chain concept at the heart of this book endeavors to contribute to a sustainable intelligent transport system by making it more efficient, cost-effective, safe, reliable and competitive. Specifically, the book focuses on the need for a variety of supply chain, logistics and transport options, on the potential offered by technological developments, infrastructural and organizational aspects, information flows, the financial and legal domain, harmonization and the complexity of implementation. In closing, the book presents new approaches to the coordination of sound business and governance models.

Transforming Supply Chains

Author : John Gattorna
Publisher : Pearson UK
ISBN 13 : 1292286865
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (922 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Transforming Supply Chains by : John Gattorna

Download or read book Transforming Supply Chains written by John Gattorna and published by Pearson UK. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Gattorna and Deborah Ellis are long-term collaborators on the design and management of enterprise supply chains. Dr John Gattorna has been one of the most influential voices in the development of the modern supply chain. His long-held vision of the supply chain as the central nervous system of an organisation and as a major source of competitive advantage if done well has inspired both supply chain professionals and CEOs. To support this vision, he has led the development of frameworks and tools to guide design using customers as the sole frame-of-reference, thus ensuring precise alignment between enterprise supply chains and the markets/customers they serve.In 2018 John was awarded the Council of Supply Chain Management (CSCMP) Distinguished Service Award for his contribution to the profession, and in the same year was inducted into the CSCMP Hall of Fame. Deborah Ellis has consulted with leading companies for over 20 years on logistics and supply chain strategy. Like John Gattorna, the emphasis of her work has been on developing tailored supply chains that generate market advantage. She has worked with him, and partnered with clients, to apply, refine and extend the frameworks and methodologies that simplify the supply chain task, while generating value for the customer and the business. Since 2017 they have together presented the Global Supply Chain Thought Leadership Retreat Series for senior supply chain executives in the Asia Pacific, South Africa and Europe. These by-invitation-only events have been very well received, and this book has evolved from the research and discussions associated with those events.

Competitive Advantage in SMEs

Author : Oswald Jones
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780470843345
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Competitive Advantage in SMEs by : Oswald Jones

Download or read book Competitive Advantage in SMEs written by Oswald Jones and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2003-04-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competitive Advantage in SMEs draws on up-to-date empirical evidence to illustrate how SMEs can become more innovative through the introduction of new products and services. Discusses the effective and efficient use of information technology by broadening management skills and knowledge.

Ten Revolutionary Supply Chain Strategies for Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Author : Lhoussaine Ouabouch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Ten Revolutionary Supply Chain Strategies for Sustainable Competitive Advantage by : Lhoussaine Ouabouch

Download or read book Ten Revolutionary Supply Chain Strategies for Sustainable Competitive Advantage written by Lhoussaine Ouabouch and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trends of the globalization of supplies, products, and service markets, the importance of competing by the time to market and the growing uncertainty of the environment are all factors that contributed to highlight the need for companies to improve the functioning of their supply chains.Indeed, unpredictable dynamics of a SC can arise from a variety of internal and external sources, including suppliers/partners, customers and competitors (Trkman et al. 2015). Thus, to reach competitive advantage, the challenges for today's companies are shifting from internal efficiency to supply chain efficiency (Barroso et al. 2015). Furthermore, supply chains today being complex and global, global markets and operations must normally prompt companies to revisit their corporate, business and functional strategies in addition to focusing on outsourcing, virtual enterprise and supply chain management (Ageron et al. 2011). However, recent studies (McKinsey 2011) note that many global supply chains are not equipped to cope with the world we are entering. Therefore, every company in a SC has to continually change its business model as a response to very changing macro and micro environments issues (Trkman et al. 2015). In that sense, a sum of revolutionary supply chain strategies may be proposed to guide supply chain managers to maintain durably the competitive advantage of their companies and to improve constantly the level of the corporate performance. This paper examines the role of popular supply chain management strategies in creating and maintaining competitive advantages in the current turbulent environment.

The Impact of Direct Digital Manufacturing on Supply Chains

Author : Christian Schwab
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656251657
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (562 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Direct Digital Manufacturing on Supply Chains by : Christian Schwab

Download or read book The Impact of Direct Digital Manufacturing on Supply Chains written by Christian Schwab and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Supply, Production, Logistics, grade: A, Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh, language: English, abstract: Companies that will be leaders in futures business are those companies that achieved cost leadership and service leadership. Therefore companies are looking for supply chain solutions that help to increase the value to the customer while reducing costs in order to get competitive advantages. One solution could be the technology of DDM, where customized products can be printed at the point of demand. DDM has “the power to change business radically and have significant positive or negative effects for an industry or single company” At first this report will illustrate the impact of DDM on supply chains by using supply chain concepts. After that approaches to gain competitive advantage for a global logistics company will be advised before ending with a conclusion.

Handbook of Integrated Risk Management in Global Supply Chains

Author : Panos Kouvelis
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118115791
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Integrated Risk Management in Global Supply Chains by : Panos Kouvelis

Download or read book Handbook of Integrated Risk Management in Global Supply Chains written by Panos Kouvelis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, one-stop reference for cutting-edge research in integrated risk management, modern applications, and best practices In the field of business, the ever-growing dependency on global supply chains has created new challenges that traditional risk management must be equipped to handle. Handbook of Integrated Risk Management in Global Supply Chains uses a multi-disciplinary approach to present an effective way to manage complex, diverse, and interconnected global supply chain risks. Contributions from leading academics and researchers provide an action-based framework that captures real issues, implementation challenges, and concepts emerging from industry studies.The handbook is divided into five parts: Foundations and Overview introduces risk management and discusses the impact of supply chain disruptions on corporate performance Integrated Risk Management: Operations and Finance Interface explores the joint use of operational and financial hedging of commodity price uncertainties Supply Chain Finance discusses financing alternatives and the role of financial services in procurement contracts; inventory management and capital structure; and bank financing of inventories Operational Risk Management Strategies outlines supply risks and challenges in decentralized supply chains, such as competition and misalignment of incentives between buyers and suppliers Industrial Applications presents examples and case studies that showcase the discussed methodologies Each topic's presentation includes an introduction, key theories, formulas, and applications. Discussions conclude with a summary of the main concepts, a real-world example, and professional insights into common challenges and best practices. Handbook of Integrated Risk Management in Global Supply Chains is an essential reference for academics and practitioners in the areas of supply chain management, global logistics, management science, and industrial engineering who gather, analyze, and draw results from data. The handbook is also a suitable supplement for operations research, risk management, and financial engineering courses at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels.