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Comparisons Of Community Structure Between A Pristine Reef A Degraded Reef And An Artificial Reef
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Book Synopsis Comparisons of Community Structure Between a Pristine Reef, a Degraded Reef and an Artificial Reef by : William R. Dickens
Download or read book Comparisons of Community Structure Between a Pristine Reef, a Degraded Reef and an Artificial Reef written by William R. Dickens and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comparison of Macroinfaunal Community Structure Between Artificial Concrete Boulder Reefs and Adjacent Natural Reefs in Broward County, Florida by : Amber C. Metallo
Download or read book A Comparison of Macroinfaunal Community Structure Between Artificial Concrete Boulder Reefs and Adjacent Natural Reefs in Broward County, Florida written by Amber C. Metallo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relatively little is known about either the biological (i.e., predation) or physical (i.e., current, sedimentation) effects that artificial reefs may have on surrounding benthic infaunal communities. Following deployment of artificial reefs (concrete boulders) between the first and second reefs off Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on 30 October 2009, sediment cores were taken at 4 distances along three replicate 10-m transects on 13 and 26 September 2013, and 24 and 25 May 2014 at each of four artificial reef sites and four of their adjacent natural reef sites using SCUBA. Infauna (>0.5mm) were extracted from the sediment and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Statistical analysis (PRIMER, PERMANOVA, SIMPER) focused on four main variables: type of reef, year, site, and distance. Type of reef, year, and site was significantly different between samples, while distance did not affect density. There is a clear separation of communities between the artificial and natural reefs. From 2013 to 2014, a slight shift occurred between communities suggesting the artificial reef community composition became slightly more similar to the natural reef. All four artifical reef sites were more taxonomically distinct at the phylum and class level then the natural reef, which had higher diversity, higher species richness and more low-density taxa. This two year study provides insight on infauna communities four and five years out from deployment, but follow up monitoring in 3-5 years could shed light on whether these patterns of shift to more similar assemblages between reefs will continue as the artificial reef matures. Environmental data collection including longer time-series datasets, longer transects, and physical and geological data could provide more knowledge of how the artificial reef infaunal communities are changing over time.
Book Synopsis YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans: Our Research, Our Future by : Simon Jungblut
Download or read book YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans: Our Research, Our Future written by Simon Jungblut and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book summarizes peer-reviewed articles and the abstracts of oral and poster presentations given during the YOUMARES 9 conference which took place in Oldenburg, Germany, in September 2018. The aims of this book are to summarize state-of-the-art knowledge in marine sciences and to inspire scientists of all career stages in the development of further research. These conferences are organized by and for young marine researchers. Qualified early-career researchers, who moderated topical sessions during the conference, contributed literature reviews on specific topics within their research field. .
Book Synopsis Artificial Reef Evaluation by : William Seaman
Download or read book Artificial Reef Evaluation written by William Seaman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beneath the coastal waters of the world lie thousands of artificial reefs. Some are old and retired freighters and ships that once plied the oceans of the world but now serve as habitats for marine life. Others are newer reefs that have been designed and built for specific applications. With the field of aquatic habitat technology continually growi
Book Synopsis Comparison of Vertebrate Abundance and Community Structure Between Areas of Natural and Artificial Reef on Pom Pom Island, Malaysia by : Abigail Cowley
Download or read book Comparison of Vertebrate Abundance and Community Structure Between Areas of Natural and Artificial Reef on Pom Pom Island, Malaysia written by Abigail Cowley and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community Structure of Demersal Temperate Reef Fish at Artificial and Natural Reefs in South Carolina as a Function of Reef Age and Season by : Carly Altizer
Download or read book Community Structure of Demersal Temperate Reef Fish at Artificial and Natural Reefs in South Carolina as a Function of Reef Age and Season written by Carly Altizer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial reefs serve numerous important functions in the South Atlantic Bight by providing new recreational fishing and diving locations, contributing to state economies, and providing additional habitat for economically valuable reef fishes. However, little is known about how fish communities develop in temperate regions once a new reef is deployed, how they compare to adjacent natural reefs, and how these communities are influenced by season. Therefore, SCUBA video surveys were conducted over a 13-year period (1999-2012) at four unpublished artificial reef sites, three published artificial reef sites of varying ages, and two natural reef sites to assess the impacts of ecological succession and seasonality on species richness, diversity, evenness, fish density, and community structure. Season and reef age had significant effects on diversity and community structure at the unpublished sites, while season alone accounted for these trends at the published sites. Black seabass and tomtate dominated reef fish community structure at the published sites, while economically valuable species, such as groupers and snappers, were more abundant at the unpublished and natural reef sites. These results suggest that fish communities develop quickly at new artificial reefs (i.e., within the first year post-deployment) and that fishing pressure on publicly known reefs may obscure or even prevent community succession.
Book Synopsis Disentangling Human Degradation from Environmental Constraints by : James Robinson
Download or read book Disentangling Human Degradation from Environmental Constraints written by James Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Testing ecological theory at macroecological scales may be useful for disentangling abiotic influences from anthropogenic disturbances, and thus provide insights into fundamental processes that structure ecological communities. In tropical coral reef systems, our understanding of community structure is limited to small-scale studies conducted in moderately degraded regions, while larger regional or ocean scale analyses have typically focused on identifying human drivers of reef degradation. In this thesis, my collaborators and I combined stable isotope specimens, underwater visual censuses, and remote sensing data from 43 Pacific islands and atolls in order to examine the relative roles of natural environmental variation and anthropogenic pressures in structuring coral reef fish and benthic communities. First, at unexploited sites on Kiritimati Atoll (Kiribati), isotope estimates indicated that trophic level increased with body size across species and individuals, while negative abundance ~ body size relationships (size spectra) revealed distinct energetic constraints between energy-competing carnivores and energy-sharing herbivores. After demonstrating size structuring of reef fish communities in the absence of humans, we then examined evidence for size-selective exploitation impacts on coral reefs across the Pacific Ocean. Size spectra 'steepened' as human population density increased and proximity to market center decreased, reflecting decreases in large-bodied fish abundance, biomass, turnover rate, and mean trophic level. Depletion of large fish abundances likely diminishes functions such as bioerosion by grazers and food chain connectivity by top predators, further degrading reef community resilience. Next, we considered the relative strengths of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic influences in determining reef benthic state across spatial scales. We found that from fine (0.25 km2) to coarse (1,024 km2) grain scales the phase shift index (a multivariate metric of the relative cover of hard coral and macroalgal) was primarily predicted by local abiotic and bottom-up influences, such that coral-dominated reefs occurred in warm, productive regions at sites exposed to low wave energy, irrespective of grazing or human impacts. Our size-based analyses of reef fish communities revealed novel exploitation impacts at ocean-basin scales, and provide a foundation for delineating energetic pathways and feeding interactions in complex tropical food webs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that abiotic constraints underpin natural variation among fish and benthic communities of remote uninhabited reefs, emphasizing the importance of accounting for local environmental conditions when developing quantitative baselines for coral reef ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Reef Fish Community Structure at Unpublished Artificial Reef Sites Off Northwest Florida by : Michael Allen Dance
Download or read book Reef Fish Community Structure at Unpublished Artificial Reef Sites Off Northwest Florida written by Michael Allen Dance and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reef Fish Community Structure [microform] : an Experimental Study Using Small Artificial Reefs in Barkley Sound, British Columbia by : Gascon, Dominique
Download or read book Reef Fish Community Structure [microform] : an Experimental Study Using Small Artificial Reefs in Barkley Sound, British Columbia written by Gascon, Dominique and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using small artificial reefs made of cement blocks, a community of shallow water reef fishes was experimentally studied in Barkley Sound (British Columbia) to examine the structuring mechanisms in this assemblage The community under study inhabited a shallow reef made of rock boulders. The abundance of fish fluctuated with the seasons The species diversity of this fish community was low (H' = 0.3-10), one species (Coryphopterus nicho/si) comprising more than 80% of the individuals present Four species of rockfishes ( Sebastes caurinus, S. ma/iger, S. me/anops, and S. pinniger) and three species of benthic fishes (Hexagrammos decagrammus, Jordania zonope, and Artedius spp.) were also common. Experimental communities were established on ten identical artificial reefs made of cement blocks. Two series of reefs, built six months apart on sand 10 m away from the natural reef, tested the effects of seasons on community development. A third series, built in direct contact with the natural reef, examined the effects of distance and isolation on community development In each series a species equilibrium (approximately 6 species) was reached within six months The specific composition of the artificial reefs was similar to that of the natural reef, although species other than Coryphopterus nicho/si were more abundant Both juveniles and adults of all species were present, except for the rockfishes, which were represented only by young individuals. Tagging indicated that the benthic species remained permanently on the reefs, whereas a yearly turnover in rockfishes occurred The intensity of interactions between species was estimated by measuring shifts in habitat use on the artificial reefs. Only Sebastes me/anops showed consistent shifts in its space use in response to changes in the density of other species Only two of these shifts appeared to be the result of interspecific competition. Interactions between species, with the exception of S. me/anops had little effect on the spatial distribution of fish within the reefs. I examined the significance of the patterns of similarity between communities inhabiting identical habitats. High similarity values are usually interpreted as indicating the equilibrium status -- that is communities structured primarily by interspecific competition -- of a community, whereas low values are usually interpreted in the opposite direction -- i.e non-equilibrium communities structured by mechanisms other than interspecific competition (mostly stochastic events). This was tested using a randomization test. The null hypothesis of the test was that random colonization from the surrounding habitats was sufficient to explain the community structure on the artificial reefs. Six additional reefs (one third the original size) were built to test the effects of habitat size on community structure. The observed values on the reefs did not differ significantly from the null values, indicating that mechanisms, such as competition, were not required to explain the structure of the community. Habitat size had a strong effect, and the interpretations of previous studies were re-examined in light of this finding.
Book Synopsis The Great Barrier Reef by : Pat Hutchings
Download or read book The Great Barrier Reef written by Pat Hutchings and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2008-11-07 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is 344 400 square kilometres in size and is home to one of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. This comprehensive guide describes the organisms and ecosystems of the Great Barrier Reef, as well as the biological, chemical and physical processes that influence them. Contemporary pressing issues such as climate change, coral bleaching, coral disease and the challenges of coral reef fisheries are also discussed. In addition,the book includes a field guide that will help people to identify the common animals and plants on the reef, then to delve into the book to learn more about the roles the biota play. Beautifully illustrated and with contributions from 33 international experts, The Great Barrier Reef is a must-read for the interested reef tourist, student, researcher and environmental manager. While it has an Australian focus, it can equally be used as a baseline text for most Indo-Pacific coral reefs. Winner of a Whitley Certificate of Commendation for 2009.
Book Synopsis Impact of Artificial Reefs on the Environment and Communities by : Ramos, Jorge H. P.
Download or read book Impact of Artificial Reefs on the Environment and Communities written by Ramos, Jorge H. P. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the most important reasons that artificial reefs have been created are the protection of the seabed with macroalgae, the possibility of improving fishing, and meeting the expectations and demands of tourists. Coastal managers have realized that it is important that artificial reefs are useful to people, especially local communities, and that it is therefore important that they are promoted by government entities for various professional and leisure activity use. Coastal managers must take this into consideration when reefs are designed. They must also define the ecosystem services they promote as well as the main uses for which the reefs are created. Impact of Artificial Reefs on the Environment and Communities presents insights on the connection between artificial reefs and the tourism industry in order to encourage the sharing of experiences and development of new innovative possibilities that create value for society. It presents the experiences, testimonies, and innovations of those who work closely with artificial reefs. Covering topics such as computational fluid dynamics, dive tourism, and Industry 4.0, this book is an essential resource for entrepreneurs, researchers, students and educators of higher education, coastal managers, government officials, leaders in tourism, engineers, and academicians.
Book Synopsis Artificial Reefs in European Seas by : Antony Jensen
Download or read book Artificial Reefs in European Seas written by Antony Jensen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Reefs in European Seas focuses on artificial reef research in the Mediterranean and NE Atlantic. The book describes most of the long-term projects running in European seas, presents the legal and economic issues, and suggests future uses for artificial reefs in the European context. Readership: Professionals working on or interested in the uses of artificial reefs for fishery management, coastal zone management, aquaculture and nature conservation. The case studies of reef research programmes make the book ideal for degree students studying topics in ecology, and fisheries and coastal management.
Book Synopsis Coral Health and Disease by : Eugene Rosenberg
Download or read book Coral Health and Disease written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-27 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book opens with case studies of reefs in the Red Sea, Caribbean, Japan, Indian Ocean and the Great Barrier Reef. A section on microbial ecology and physiology describes the symbiotic relations of corals and microbes, and the microbial role in nutrition or bleaching resistance of corals. Coral diseases are covered in the third part. The volume includes 50 color photos of corals and their environments
Book Synopsis Investigating the Influence of Additional Structural Complexity in Present Day Reef Restoration by : Alexandra M. Good
Download or read book Investigating the Influence of Additional Structural Complexity in Present Day Reef Restoration written by Alexandra M. Good and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are degrading at an alarming rate, with reefs transitioning from topographically complex, species rich systems to topographically poor, species impoverished communities. One technique in combating reef degradation is through coral outplanting. Traditionally, this method uses fragments of healthy corals and transplants them to grow in a location where coral coverage is low. However, this method can lead to lack of genetic diversity and low survivorship of certain species, due to less than ideal growth conditions (i.e. light, nutrient load and water flow). Another restoration method is the inclusion of artificial structures into reef systems; while these structures provide additional substrate, the space provided is not ecologically similar to the reef they are replacing. Here, combining the techniques behind coral outplanting and artificial structures, I implemented a novel outplanting method that harnesses modern 3D-print technology, to enhance coral reef recovery through increased structural complexity. 3D-printed corals, designed from a Pocillopora damicornis skeleton, were deployed in Fiji via a patch reef system of cement plates. The system was organized into matrices (n=3) of different 3D-corals and live coral densities to determine how 3D-structures can serve as temporary habitat for coral reef organisms during reef recovery. I aimed to understand how coral reef fishes utilize patch reefs containing a mixture of 3D-printed and living corals over time. By measuring fish abundance, species richness, diversity, and fish behavior on the patch reefs over 12 months, I observed that increased artificial complexity enhanced reef fish community composition. After a year, the 50%, 75%, and 100% 3D-coral treatments had comparable fish species abundance, species richness and diversity to the natural reef. The 3D-coral patch reef treatments attracted 135% more herbivores than the natural reef, and 400% more fish used the 3D-corals as feeding grounds rather than swimming and using the artificial structures as habitat. Additionally, this design allowed me to observe the interaction between living corals and the 3D-printed material, to assess the ability of the 3D-corals to integrate into the natural reef. By measuring coral growth, color, and survivorship, I determined the maximum effectiveness of the 3D-corals while limiting the number of artificial structures placed in the natural system. I determined that all treatments containing a combination of living and 3D-printed corals (25%, 50%, and 75%) were able to successfully integrate into the living reef. None of the treatments inhibited coral growth or caused coral bleaching; coral mortality and bleaching were determinate on the species of living coral, rather than the percentage of 3D-coral. Focusing on the protection and rehabilitation of the reef ecosystem through progressive conservation methods, this study allows for an accurate assessment that utilizing 3D-printed corals is a safe and effective restoration technique that provides realistic reef habitat to complement natural reef processes.
Book Synopsis A Comparison of the Fish Communities Between Artificial Reefs with and Without Epibenthic Communities by : Rebecca Ann Sutterer
Download or read book A Comparison of the Fish Communities Between Artificial Reefs with and Without Epibenthic Communities written by Rebecca Ann Sutterer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Current on the Sessile Benthic Community Structure of an Artificial Reef by : Tracy Webster Baynes
Download or read book The Effect of Current on the Sessile Benthic Community Structure of an Artificial Reef written by Tracy Webster Baynes and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Artificial Reef Morphology by : Barbara Chudzik Lea
Download or read book Artificial Reef Morphology written by Barbara Chudzik Lea and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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