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Comparative Decision Making Analysis
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Book Synopsis Comparative Decision-Making Analysis by : Philip H. Crowley
Download or read book Comparative Decision-Making Analysis written by Philip H. Crowley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decisions are made by individual humans-but also by corporations, plants, robots, and computer programs. The authors of this volume help initiate a powerful new comparative dimension for our analysis and application of decision making across an enormous range of intellectual enquiry.
Author :Evangelos Triantaphyllou Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1475731574 Total Pages :307 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (757 download)
Book Synopsis Multi-criteria Decision Making Methods by : Evangelos Triantaphyllou
Download or read book Multi-criteria Decision Making Methods written by Evangelos Triantaphyllou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) has been one of the fastest growing problem areas in many disciplines. The central problem is how to evaluate a set of alternatives in terms of a number of criteria. Although this problem is very relevant in practice, there are few methods available and their quality is hard to determine. Thus, the question `Which is the best method for a given problem?' has become one of the most important and challenging ones. This is exactly what this book has as its focus and why it is important. The author extensively compares, both theoretically and empirically, real-life MCDM issues and makes the reader aware of quite a number of surprising `abnormalities' with some of these methods. What makes this book so valuable and different is that even though the analyses are rigorous, the results can be understood even by the non-specialist. Audience: Researchers, practitioners, and students; it can be used as a textbook for senior undergraduate or graduate courses in business and engineering.
Book Synopsis Decision Making in a World of Comparative Effectiveness Research by : Howard G. Birnbaum
Download or read book Decision Making in a World of Comparative Effectiveness Research written by Howard G. Birnbaum and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade there has been a worldwide evolution in evidence-based medicine that focuses on real-world Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) to compare the effects of one medical treatment versus another in real world settings. While most of this burgeoning literature has focused on research findings, data and methods, Howard Birnbaum and Paul Greenberg (both of Analysis Group) have edited a book that provides a practical guide to decision making using the results of analysis and interpretation of CER. Decision Making in a World of Comparative Effectiveness contains chapters by senior industry executives, key opinion leaders, accomplished researchers, and leading attorneys involved in resolving disputes in the life sciences industry. The book is aimed at 'users' and 'decision makers' involved in the life sciences industry rather than those doing the actual research. This book appeals to those who commission CER within the life sciences industry (pharmaceutical, biologic, and device manufacturers), government (both public and private payers), as well as decision makers of all levels, both in the US and globally.
Book Synopsis Decision Science and Social Risk Management by : M.W Merkhofer
Download or read book Decision Science and Social Risk Management written by M.W Merkhofer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists, decision analysts, management scientists, and others have long argued that government should take a more scientific approach to decision making. Pointing to various theories for prescribing and rational izing choices, they have maintained that social goals could be achieved more effectively and at lower costs if government decisions were routinely subjected to analysis. Now, government policy makers are putting decision science to the test. Recent government actions encourage and in some cases require government decisions to be evaluated using formally defined principles 01' rationality. Will decision science pass tbis test? The answer depends on whether analysts can quickly and successfully translate their theories into practical approaches and whether these approaches promote the solution of the complex, highly uncertain, and politically sensitive problems that are of greatest concern to government decision makers. The future of decision science, perhaps even the nation's well-being, depends on the outcome. A major difficulty for the analysts who are being called upon by government to apply decision-aiding approaches is that decision science has not yet evolved a universally accepted methodology for analyzing social decisions involving risk. Numerous approaches have been proposed, including variations of cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis, and applied social welfare theory. Each of these, however, has its limitations and deficiencies and none has a proven track record for application to govern ment decisions involving risk. Cost-benefit approaches have been exten sively applied by the government, but most applications have been for decisions that were largely risk-free.
Book Synopsis Criminal Liability of Political Decision-Makers by : Frank Zimmermann
Download or read book Criminal Liability of Political Decision-Makers written by Frank Zimmermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-28 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to a fundamental conflict in modern states: those persons holding public office are no more than ordinary citizens. Therefore, their activities must – as a matter of principle – be subject to full judicial control. But at the same time, democratically legitimated politicians need some discretion in their decision-making. Allegations of politicians committing criminal offences in office quickly attract a great deal of media attention. Even politicians themselves frequently use such allegations to discredit their political opponents. However, to date this topic has not been fully addressed on an academic level. This book is a first step in this direction. The individual contributions cover topics such as: “bad” political decisions that result in a waste of taxpayers’ money corruption and conflicts of interest in political decision-making immunities and procedural obstacles to the effective prosecution of politicians abuse of criminal law and criminal proceedings in the political arena criminal liability for decisions taken in situations of state emergency the role of criminal law in public opinion. Leading experts examine these and other issues from a comparative perspective.
Book Synopsis Decisions in Organizations by : Frank A. Heller
Download or read book Decisions in Organizations written by Frank A. Heller and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 1988 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a major longitudinal comparative analysis of decision-making in seven organizations in the United Kingdom, Yugoslavia and the Netherlands. Although studies of decision-making and power relations within organizations are not new, Decisions in Organizations breaks new ground because it uses an original combination of qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing operational, tactical and strategic decisions. The result is a theoretical model which throws fresh light on the complexities of organizational events and helps to explain the main ingredients of power, and the role and limitation of participative decision-making.
Book Synopsis Comparative Risk Assessment and Environmental Decision Making by : Igor Linkov
Download or read book Comparative Risk Assessment and Environmental Decision Making written by Igor Linkov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision making in environmental projects is typically a complex and confusing process characterized by trade-offs between socio-political, environmental, and economic impacts. Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) is a methodology applied to facilitate decision making when various activities compete for limited resources. CRA has become an increasingly accepted research tool and has helped to characterize environmental profiles and priorities on the regional and national level. CRA may be considered as part of the more general but as yet quite academic field of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). Considerable research in the area of MCDA has made available methods for applying scientific decision theoretical approaches to multi-criteria problems, but its applications, especially in environmental areas, are still limited. The papers show that the use of comparative risk assessment can provide the scientific basis for environmentally sound and cost-efficient policies, strategies, and solutions to our environmental challenges.
Download or read book Decisions written by Michael A. Murray and published by Addison-Wesley Longman. This book was released on 1986 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An estimated 48 percent of the population takes at least one prescription drug in a given month. Drugs provide great benefits to society by saving or improving lives. Many drugs are also associated with side effects or adverse events, some serious and some discovered only after the drug is on the market. The discovery of new adverse events in the postmarketing setting is part of the normal natural history of approved drugs, and timely identification and warning about drug risks are central to the mission of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Not all risks associated with a drug are known at the time of approval, because safety data are collected from studies that involve a relatively small number of human subjects during a relatively short period. Written in response to a request by the FDA, Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs discusses ethical and informed consent issues in conducting studies in the postmarketing setting. It evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches to generate evidence about safety questions, and makes recommendations for appropriate followup studies and randomized clinical trials. The book provides guidance to the FDA on how it should factor in different kinds of evidence in its regulatory decisions. Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs will be of interest to the pharmaceutical industry, patient advocates, researchers, and consumer groups.
Book Synopsis Network Meta-Analysis for Decision-Making by : Sofia Dias
Download or read book Network Meta-Analysis for Decision-Making written by Sofia Dias and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to network meta-analysis with examples and code In the evaluation of healthcare, rigorous methods of quantitative assessment are necessary to establish which interventions are effective and cost-effective. Often a single study will not provide the answers and it is desirable to synthesise evidence from multiple sources, usually randomised controlled trials. This book takes an approach to evidence synthesis that is specifically intended for decision making when there are two or more treatment alternatives being evaluated, and assumes that the purpose of every synthesis is to answer the question "for this pre-identified population of patients, which treatment is 'best'?" A comprehensive, coherent framework for network meta-analysis (mixed treatment comparisons) is adopted and estimated using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods implemented in the freely available software WinBUGS. Each chapter contains worked examples, exercises, solutions and code that may be adapted by readers to apply to their own analyses. This book can be used as an introduction to evidence synthesis and network meta-analysis, its key properties and policy implications. Examples and advanced methods are also presented for the more experienced reader. Methods used throughout this book can be applied consistently: model critique and checking for evidence consistency are emphasised. Methods are based on technical support documents produced for NICE Decision Support Unit, which support the NICE Methods of Technology Appraisal. Code presented is also the basis for the code used by the ISPOR Task Force on Indirect Comparisons. Includes extensive carefully worked examples, with thorough explanations of how to set out data for use in WinBUGS and how to interpret the output. Network Meta-Analysis for Decision Making will be of interest to decision makers, medical statisticians, health economists, and anyone involved in Health Technology Assessment including the pharmaceutical industry.
Book Synopsis Decision-Making in Management by : Kesra Nermend
Download or read book Decision-Making in Management written by Kesra Nermend and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making important business decisions is usually a difficult and complicated task. In the modern economy where businesses have to solve increasingly complex decision-making problems, it is important to learn and use methods and techniques including the analysis of behavioral data to support decision-making in practice. This book presents various methods and solutions to problems in modern data acquisition techniques and practical aspects of decision making. In particular, it addresses such important issues as: business decision making, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), multidimensional comparative analysis (MCA), decision games and data acquisition techniques for decision making (declarative techniques and cognitive neuroscience techniques). Important topics such as consumers’ rational behavior, environmental management accounting, operational research methods, neuroscience including epigenetics, DEA analysis etc., as well as case studies related to decision making in management are also included.
Book Synopsis Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis via Ratio and Difference Judgement by : Freerk A. Lootsma
Download or read book Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis via Ratio and Difference Judgement written by Freerk A. Lootsma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-23 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The point of departure in the present book is that the decision makers, involved in the evaluation of alternatives under conflicting criteria, express their preferential judgement by estimating ratios of subjective values or differences of the corresponding logarithms, the so-called grades. Three MCDA methods are studied in detail: the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique SMART, as well as the Additive and the Multiplicative AHP, both pairwise-comparison methods which do not suffer from the well-known shortcomings of the original Analytic Hierarchy Process. Context-related preference modelling on the basis of psycho-physical research in visual perception and motor skills is extensively discussed in the introductory chapters. Thereafter many extensions of the ideas are presented via case studies in university administration, health care, environmental assessment, budget allocation, and energy planning at the national and the European level. The issues under consideration are: group decision making with inhomogeneous power distributions, the search for a compromise solution, resource allocation and fair distributions, scenario analysis in long-term planning, conflict analysis via the pairwise comparison of concessions, and multi-objective optimization. The final chapters are devoted to the fortunes of MCDA in the hands of its designers. The research started in the late seventies, when I got involved in three different problems: the nomination procedures in a university, the evaluation of alternative energy-research proposals, and the evaluation of non-linear programming software.
Book Synopsis Integrating Cognitive and Rational Theories of Foreign Policy Decision Making by : A. Mintz
Download or read book Integrating Cognitive and Rational Theories of Foreign Policy Decision Making written by A. Mintz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two dominant approaches to political decision making in general and foreign policy decision making in particular: rational choice and cognitive psychology. The essays here introduce and test the poliheuristic theory of decision making that integrates elements of both schools. The poliheuristic theory is able to account for the outcome and the process of decisions, and integrates across levels of analysis (individual, dyad, and group). The collection focuses on both elements of the theory itself and also looks at how the theory can be used to better understand political decisions that were made in the past.
Book Synopsis A Strategy for Using Multicriteria Analysis in Decision-Making by : Nolberto Munier
Download or read book A Strategy for Using Multicriteria Analysis in Decision-Making written by Nolberto Munier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a whole strategy for decision-making, with the full participation of the decision-maker and utilizing continuous feedback. It introduces the use of the very well-known and proven methodology, linear programming, but specially adapted for this purpose. For this, it incorporates a method to include subjective concepts, as well as the possibility of working with many different and even contradictory objectives. The book is liberally populated with diverse case studies to illustrate the concepts. This practical guide will be of interest to anyone undertaking analysis and decision-making, on both simple and complex projects, and who is looking for a strategy to organize, classify, and evaluate the large amount of information required to make an informed decision. The strategy includes methods to analyze the results and extract conclusions from them.
Book Synopsis A Plea for Plausibility by : John R. Welch
Download or read book A Plea for Plausibility written by John R. Welch and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops an original theory of decision-making based on the concept of plausibility. The author advocates plausible reasoning as a general philosophical method and demonstrates how it can be applied to problems in argumentation theory, scientific theory choice, risk management, ethics, law, economics, and epistemology. Human decisions are conditioned by formidable uncertainty. The standard resource for dealing rationally with uncertainty is the mathematical concept of probability. The probability calculus is well-known, but since the numerical demands for applying it cannot usually be met, it is not widely applicable. By contrast, the concept of plausibility is widely applicable, but it is little known. This book relies on a generalized concept of plausibility whose strength is its adaptability. The adaptability is due to a novel form of decision theory that takes plausibilities as inputs. This form of decision theory remains applicable to decisions informed by sharp probabilities and utilities, but it can also be applied to decisions that must be made without them. It can aid in the rationally critical enterprise of discriminating good arguments from bad, and this can foster philosophical progress. A Plea for Plausibility will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in argumentation theory, philosophy of science, ethics, epistemology, economics, law, and risk management.
Book Synopsis Public Policy Decision-making by : Bernard L. Brock
Download or read book Public Policy Decision-making written by Bernard L. Brock and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1972 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multiobjective Decision Making by : Vira Chankong
Download or read book Multiobjective Decision Making written by Vira Chankong and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-rate text explores the theory and methodology of systems engineering in evaluating alternative courses of action and associated decision-making policies. It treats criteria as multidimensional, rather than scalar, in the development of normative theories. These contribute to a behavioral theory of decision making and provide guidance for exercising judgment. An introductory discussion of the systemic approach to judgment and decision is followed by explorations of psychological value measurements, utility, classical decision analysis, and vector optimization theory. The second section chiefly deals with methods of assessing and evaluating alternatives, including both noninteractive and interactive methods. A taxonomy and a comparative evaluation of methods conclude the text.
