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Combustion Temperature Measurement By Spontaneous Raman Scattering In A Jet A Fueled Gas Turbine Combustor Sector
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Book Synopsis Combustion Temperature Measurement by Spontaneous Raman Scattering in a Jet-A Fueled Gas Turbine Combustor Sector by :
Download or read book Combustion Temperature Measurement by Spontaneous Raman Scattering in a Jet-A Fueled Gas Turbine Combustor Sector written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids by : Carolyn Mercer
Download or read book Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids written by Carolyn Mercer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Metrology for Fluids, Combustion and Solids is the first practical handbook that presents the assemblage of the techniques necessary to provide a basic understanding of optical measurement for fluids, combustion, and solids. The use of light as a measurement tool has grown over the past twenty years from a narrowly specialized activity to a mainstay of modern research today. Until recently, the knowledge that could be extracted from the light interaction of light with physical objects was limited to specialized activities. The invention of the laser, the computer and microelectronics has enabled a measurement revolution such that virtually every parameter of engineering interest can be measured using the minimally intrusive properties of light. The authors of this book's chapters are leaders in this revolution. They work on the front lines of research in government, industry, and universities, inventing yet more ways to harness the power of light for the generation of knowledge.
Book Synopsis Spontaneous Raman Scattering by : R. J. Locke
Download or read book Spontaneous Raman Scattering written by R. J. Locke and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research & Technology 2001 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multi-Dimensional Measurements of Combustion Species in Flame Tube and Sector Gas Turbine Combustors by :
Download or read book Multi-Dimensional Measurements of Combustion Species in Flame Tube and Sector Gas Turbine Combustors written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optical Measurement and Visualization in High-Pressure, High-Temperature, Aviation Gas Turbine Combustors by :
Download or read book Optical Measurement and Visualization in High-Pressure, High-Temperature, Aviation Gas Turbine Combustors written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Measurements of Thermal Non-equilibrium in High-speed Mixing and Combustion by : Heath Heinrich Reising
Download or read book Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Measurements of Thermal Non-equilibrium in High-speed Mixing and Combustion written by Heath Heinrich Reising and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixing-induced vibrational non-equilibrium is studied in the turbulent shear layer between a high-speed jet and a surrounding hot-air coflow. The vibrational and rotational temperatures of N2 and O2 are determined by fitting measured spontaneous Raman scattering spectra to a model that allows for different equilibrium distributions of the vibrational and rotational states. The mixing of the jet fluid with the coflow gases occurs over microsecond time scales, which is sufficiently fast to induce vibrational non-equilibrium in the mixture of hot and cold gases. I measured the non-equilibrium on the hot side of the shear layer, but not on the cold side where the vibrational population in the first hot band is negligible. The effect of fluctuating temperatures on the time-averaged Raman measurement was quantified using single-shot Rayleigh thermometry. The Raman scattering results were found to be insensitive to fluctuations except where the flame is present intermittently. It was also found that the measured non-equilibrium increases in the shear layer when N2 is removed from the jet fluid, indicating that the measurements average two competing processes that occur simultaneously at a molecular scale: vibrationally hot N2 cooled by the fast jet fluid and vibrationally cold jet fluid heated by a hot coflow. An interesting inference is that the averaging effect is always present, regardless of the measurement resolution. No measurable vibrational non-equilibrium is found in the O2 molecules in the same non-reacting regions. This difference between species temperatures violates the two-temperature assumption often used in the modeling of high-temperature non-equilibrium flow. A new technique was developed to obtain spontaneous Raman scattering temperature measurements from a single laser pulse. This technique required the construction of a multiple-pass cell to obtain adequate scattered signal. Additionally, the pulse was stretched temporally with a system of partial reflectors and time-flight-delay ring cavities in order to reduce the peak power of the 1 J laser pulses. These measurements were found to be in agreement with the previous time-average results and allowed for measurement to be made near the fluctuating base of a lifted flame – a region where time-averaged measurements do not give meaningful results.
Book Synopsis Combustion Diagnostics Using Laser Spontaneous-Raman Scattering by : Perry Pappas Yaney
Download or read book Combustion Diagnostics Using Laser Spontaneous-Raman Scattering written by Perry Pappas Yaney and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An existing computer-controlled Raman Spectroscopy system, using a pulsed nitrogen laser and a double spectrometer, was upgraded and used to measure the temperatures in the combustion plume of an afterburning J85-5 turbojet engine. The computer-fitted temperatures had standard deviations between one and three percent. The agreement with simultaneous and sequential gas-sampling probe measurements and with sequential thermocouple measurements was within five percent. Upon completion of these studies, the system was extensively modified for use with a 10-inch diameter combustion tunnel. Forty-eight sets of Raman data were taken over a wide range of operating conditions of the tunnel. The temperatures ranged from 1000 to over 2000 K using methane fuel. The turbulent diffusion flame was characterized by an unsteady appearance and was orange-yellow in color. Poisson standard deviations for 21 of the measurements averaged four percent. Measurements and spectra of the laser-induced and non-laser-induced backgrounds were also obtained and analyzed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Determination of Gas Temperatures from Laser-Raman Scattering by : Jack A. Salzman
Download or read book Determination of Gas Temperatures from Laser-Raman Scattering written by Jack A. Salzman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation was conducted on the feasibility of using Raman scattered laser light to measure local gas temperatures. Temperature error predictions were made based on the statistics of the scattering process and Raman spectral theory. Methods were developed for the calculation of temperature measurement accuracies as a function of Raman signal for different spectral line ratio schemes. The results of these theoretical calculations were compared with experimental rotational Raman data obtained from a laboratory-constructed Raman spectrophotometer. Nitrogen was used as a gas sample for a range of controlled temperatures from 253 to 313 K and pressures from 0. 5 to 5.0 atmospheres.
Book Synopsis Experimental Diagnostics in Gas Phase Combustion Systems by : Ben T. Zinn
Download or read book Experimental Diagnostics in Gas Phase Combustion Systems written by Ben T. Zinn and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering to the Flowfield in a Scramjet Combustor by :
Download or read book Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering to the Flowfield in a Scramjet Combustor written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the investigation of the ignition and reaction of fuel injected into the combustor of a Scramjet at a flight Mach number of 8 high temperature test air at supersonic speed is required. One economic possibility to simulate these inlet conditions experimentally is the use of vitiators which preheat the air by the burning of hydrogen. Downstream of the precombustor the flow is accelerated in a Laval nozzle to a Mach number of 2.15 and enters the combustor. For the numerical simulation of a supersonic reacting flow precise information concerning the physical properties during ignition and reaction are required. Optical measurements are best suited for delivering this information as they do not disturb the supersonic flow like probes and as their application is not limited by thermal stress. Raman scattering offers the possibility of measuring the static temperature and the concentration of majority species.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781724000903 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Real-Time Optical Fuel-To-Air Ratio Sensor for Gas Turbine Combustors by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Real-Time Optical Fuel-To-Air Ratio Sensor for Gas Turbine Combustors written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-24 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The measurement of the temporal distribution of fuel in gas turbine combustors is important in considering pollution, combustion efficiency and combustor dynamics and acoustics. Much of the previous work in measuring fuel distributions in gas turbine combustors has focused on the spatial aspect of the distribution. The temporal aspect however, has often been overlooked, even though it is just as important. In part, this is due to the challenges of applying real-time diagnostic techniques in a high pressure and high temperature environment. A simple and low-cost instrument that non-intrusively measures the real-time fuel-to-air ratio (FAR) in a gas turbine combustor has been developed. The device uses a dual wavelength laser absorption technique to measure the concentration of most hydrocarbon fuels such as jet fuel, methane, propane, etc. The device can be configured to use fiber optics to measure the local FAR inside a high pressure test rig without the need for windows. Alternatively, the device can readily be used in test rigs that have existing windows without modifications. An initial application of this instrument was to obtain time-resolved measurements of the FAR in the premixer of a lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) combustor at inlet air pressures and temperatures as high as 17 atm at 800 K, with liquid JP-8 as the fuel. Results will be presented that quantitatively show the transient nature of the local FAR inside a LPP gas turbine combustor at actual operating conditions. The high speed (kHz) time resolution of this device, combined with a rugged fiber optic delivery system, should enable the realization of a flight capable active-feedback and control system for the abatement of noise and pollutant emissions in the future. Other applications that require an in-situ and time-resolved measurement of fuel vapor concentrations should also find this device to be of use. Nguyen, Quang-Viet and Mongia, Rajiv K. and Dibble, Robert W. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM
Download or read book Research and Technology 2001 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determination of Primary-zone Smoke Concentrations from Spectral Radiance Measurements in Gas Turbine Combustors by : Carl T. Norgren
Download or read book Determination of Primary-zone Smoke Concentrations from Spectral Radiance Measurements in Gas Turbine Combustors written by Carl T. Norgren and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The smoke concentration within the primary zone of an experimental combustor operating at pressures up to 20 atmospheres was determined with a technique using spectral radiance measurements. Exhaust smoke concentration was obtained from reflectance readings of stained filter paper. The primary zone smoke concentration was of the order of 100 to 1000 times greater than at the exhaust. The smoke oxidation rate obtained is compared with reported values for coal particles and seeded laboratory flames. Primary zone smoke concentration was shown to be related to exhaust smoke number and total radiance.
Author :Neil A. Halliwell Publisher :SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering ISBN 13 : Total Pages :320 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Optical Diagnostics for Industrial Applications by : Neil A. Halliwell
Download or read book Optical Diagnostics for Industrial Applications written by Neil A. Halliwell and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2000 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectral Flame Radiance from a Tubular-can Combustor by : Russell W. Claus
Download or read book Spectral Flame Radiance from a Tubular-can Combustor written by Russell W. Claus and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Analysis of Spectral Interference of Spontaneous Raman Scattering in High-Pressure Fuel-Rich H2-Air Combustion by : Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Spectral Interference of Spontaneous Raman Scattering in High-Pressure Fuel-Rich H2-Air Combustion written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a theoretical study of the spectral interferences in the spontaneous Raman scattering spectra of major combustion products in 30-atm fuel-rich hydrogen-air flames. An effective methodology is introduced to choose an appropriate line-shape model for simulating Raman spectra in high-pressure combustion environments. The Voigt profile with the additive approximation assumption was found to provide a reasonable model of the spectral line shape for the present analysis. The rotational/vibrational Raman spectra of H2, N2, and H2O were calculated using an anharmonic-oscillator model using the latest collisional broadening coefficients. The calculated spectra were validated with data obtained in a 10-atm fuel-rich H2-air flame and showed excellent agreement. Our quantitative spectral analysis for equivalence ratios ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 revealed substantial amounts of spectral cross-talk between the rotational H2 lines and the N2 O-/Q-branch; and between the vibrational H2O(0,3) line and the vibrational H2O spectrum. We also address the temperature dependence of the spectral cross-talk and extend our analysis to include a cross-talk compensation technique that removes the nterference arising from the H2 Raman spectra onto the N2, or H2O spectra.
