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Collective Behavior Of Asperities As A Model For Friction And Adhesion
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Book Synopsis Collective Behavior of Asperities as a Model for Friction and Adhesion by : Srivatsan Hulikal Sampath Kumaran
Download or read book Collective Behavior of Asperities as a Model for Friction and Adhesion written by Srivatsan Hulikal Sampath Kumaran and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding friction and adhesion in static and sliding contact of surfaces is important in numerous physical phenomena and technological applications. Most surfaces are rough at the microscale, and thus the real area of contact is only a fraction of the nominal area. The macroscopic frictional and adhesive response is determined by the collective behavior of the population of evolving and interacting microscopic contacts. This collective behavior can be very different from the behavior of individual contacts. It is thus important to understand how the macroscopic response emerges from the microscopic one. In this thesis, we develop a theoretical and computational framework to study the collective behavior. Our philosophy is to assume a simple behavior of a single asperity and study the collective response of an ensemble. Our work bridges the existing well-developed studies of single asperities with phenomenological laws that describe macroscopic rate-and-state behavior of frictional interfaces. We find that many aspects of the macroscopic behavior are robust with respect to the microscopic response. This explains why qualitatively similar frictional features are seen for a diverse range of materials. We first show that the collective response of an ensemble of one-dimensional independent viscoelastic elements interacting through a mean field reproduces many qualitative features of static and sliding friction evolution. The resulting macroscopic behavior is different from the microscopic one: for example, even if each contact is velocity-strengthening, the macroscopic behavior can be velocity-weakening. The framework is then extended to incorporate three-dimensional rough surfaces, long- range elastic interactions between contacts, and time-dependent material behaviors such as viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity. Interestingly, the mean field behavior dominates and the elastic interactions, though important from a quantitative perspective, do not change the qualitative macroscopic response. Finally, we examine the effect of adhesion on the frictional response as well as develop a force threshold model for adhesion and mode I interfacial cracks.
Book Synopsis Asperity-scale Surface Mechanics - Implications to Adhesive Contacts and Microscale Deformation Behavior of Rough Surfaces by : Huaming Xu
Download or read book Asperity-scale Surface Mechanics - Implications to Adhesive Contacts and Microscale Deformation Behavior of Rough Surfaces written by Huaming Xu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal objective of this dissertation was to develop numerical and analytical mechanics models accounting for nano-/micro-scale solid surface interaction. This was accomplished by developing finite element models of an asperity in adhesive sliding contact with a homogenous half-space and asperity micro-fracture due to normal and sliding contact of homogenous or layered half-spaces, and analytical models of nanoscale surface polishing and nanoparticle embedment on rough surfaces using a probabilistic approach. Adhesive interaction of a rigid asperity moving over a homogeneous elastic-plastic half-space was modeled by nonlinear springs obeying a constitutive law derived from the Lennard-Jones potential. The evolution of the normal and friction forces, subsurface stresses, and plastic deformation at steady-state sliding was examined in terms of the work of adhesion, interaction distance (interfacial gap), Maugis parameter, and plasticity parameter, using the finite element method (FEM). The deformation behavior of homogeneous elastic-perfectly plastic (EPP) and elastic-linear kinematic hardening plastic (ELKP) half-spaces subjected to repeated adhesive sliding contacts was also the objective of this analysis. Numerical results provided insight into the effects of the aforementioned parameters on the friction and normal forces, stress-strain response, and evolution of subsurface plasticity with the accumulation of sliding cycles. The steady-state mode of deformation due to repeated adhesive sliding contacts was examined for both EPP and ELKP material behavior. Subsurface cracking in a layered medium consisting of an elastic hard layer and an elastic-plastic substrate due to adhesive sliding against a rigid asperity was analyzed using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and FEM model. The dominance of shear and tensile mode of crack propagation was examined in terms of the interaction depth, layer thickness, crack location, crack length, work of adhesion, and mechanical properties of the thin layer and substrate materials. The effect of adhesion on asperity failure due to normal contact was also studied. The crack growth direction, dominant fracture mode, and crack growth rate were predicted as functions of the initial crack position, asperity interaction distance, interfacial properties, and mechanical properties. FEM results showed the occurrence of different crack mechanisms, such as of crack-face opening, slip, and stick. The evolution of the surface topography during nanoscale surface polishing was studied with a three-dimensional stochastic model that accounts for a multi-scale (fractal) surface roughness and elastic, elastic-plastic, and fully-plastic deformation of the asperities on the polished surface caused by hard abrasive nanoparticles embedded in the soft surface layer of a rigid polishing countersurface. Numerical results of the steady-state roughness of the polished surface, material removal rate, and wear coefficient were determined in terms of the apparent contact pressure, polishing speed, original topography and mechanical properties of the polished surface, average size and density of the nanoparticles, and surface roughness of the polishing plate. The density of hard abrasive nanoparticles embedded in the soft countersurface was predicted by a probabilistic-hydrodynamic model in terms of the surface topographies, particle size distribution, applied forces, macroscopic geometry of the moving surfaces, surface kinematics, and fluid properties. The findings of this dissertation yield new insight into the deformation behavior of adhesive contacts involving homogeneous and layered half-spaces, from the single asperity level to surfaces with multi-asperity topographies. The significance of the interfacial properties and material properties on adhesive asperity sliding contact, the effects of interfacial adhesion and crack properties on asperity cracking and subsurface cracking, and the dependence of the surface topography evolution during nanoscale polishing on the surface topographies, material properties, and abrasive nanoparticle size were examined in the context of numerical and analytical results. The results of this thesis elucidate the mechanical aspects of surface contact interaction in nano/microscale engineering components and surfacing processes, such as hard-disk drives, micro-electro-mechanical systems, and nanoscale surface polishing, and provide insight into the underlying reasons leading to mechanical failure of homogeneous and layered half-spaces subjected to surface tractions. Solutions and FEM results for single-asperity contacts obtained in this work can be integrated into probabilistic analyses of contacting rough surfaces to advance the current state of contact mechanics of surfaces exhibiting multi-asperity topographies.
Book Synopsis Surface effects in adhesion, friction, wear, and lubrication by : Donald H. Buckley
Download or read book Surface effects in adhesion, friction, wear, and lubrication written by Donald H. Buckley and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface effects in adhesion, friction, wear, and lubrication
Book Synopsis Contact mechanics perspective of tribology by : Irina Goryacheva
Download or read book Contact mechanics perspective of tribology written by Irina Goryacheva and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Art of Modeling Mechanical Systems by : Friedrich Pfeiffer
Download or read book The Art of Modeling Mechanical Systems written by Friedrich Pfeiffer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-14 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume present rules for mechanical models in a general systematic way, always in combination with small and large examples, many from industry, illustrating the most important features of modeling. The best way to reach a good solution is discussed. The papers address researchers and engineers from academia and from industry, doctoral students and postdocs, working in the fields of mechanical, civil and electrical engineering as well as in fields like applied physics or applied mathematics.
Book Synopsis Multibody Dynamics by : Josep M. Font-Llagunes
Download or read book Multibody Dynamics written by Josep M. Font-Llagunes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes selected papers from the ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Multibody Dynamics, that took place in Barcelona, Spain, from June 29 to July 2, 2015. By having its origin in analytical and continuum mechanics, as well as in computer science and applied mathematics, multibody dynamics provides a basis for analysis and virtual prototyping of innovative applications in many fields of contemporary engineering. With the utilization of computational models and algorithms that classically belonged to different fields of applied science, multibody dynamics delivers reliable simulation platforms for diverse highly-developed industrial products such as vehicle and railway systems, aeronautical and space vehicles, robotic manipulators, smart structures, biomechanical systems, and nanotechnologies.
Book Synopsis Intermolecular and Surface Forces by : Jacob N. Israelachvili
Download or read book Intermolecular and Surface Forces written by Jacob N. Israelachvili and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermolecular and Surface Forces describes the role of various intermolecular and interparticle forces in determining the properties of simple systems such as gases, liquids and solids, with a special focus on more complex colloidal, polymeric and biological systems. The book provides a thorough foundation in theories and concepts of intermolecular forces, allowing researchers and students to recognize which forces are important in any particular system, as well as how to control these forces. This third edition is expanded into three sections and contains five new chapters over the previous edition. Starts from the basics and builds up to more complex systems Covers all aspects of intermolecular and interparticle forces both at the fundamental and applied levels Multidisciplinary approach: bringing together and unifying phenomena from different fields This new edition has an expanded Part III and new chapters on non-equilibrium (dynamic) interactions, and tribology (friction forces)
Book Synopsis Development of Experimental Concepts for Investigating the Strength Behavior of Fine-grained Cohesive Soil in the Spacelab/space Shuttle Zero-g Environment by : Rudolph Bonaparte
Download or read book Development of Experimental Concepts for Investigating the Strength Behavior of Fine-grained Cohesive Soil in the Spacelab/space Shuttle Zero-g Environment written by Rudolph Bonaparte and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tribology: Friction and Wear of Engineering Materials by : Hutchings
Download or read book Tribology: Friction and Wear of Engineering Materials written by Hutchings and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tribology covers the fundamentals of tribology and the tribological response of all types of materials, including metals, ceramics, and polymers. The book provides a solid scientific foundation without relying on extensive mathematics, an approach that will allow readers to formulate appropriate solutions when faced with practical problems. Topics considered include fundamentals of surface topography and contact, friction, lubrication, and wear. The book also presents up-to-date discussions on the treatment of wear in the design process, tribological applications of surface engineering, and materials for sliding and rolling bearings. Tribology will be valuable to engineers in the field of tribology, mechanical engineers, physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and students. Features Provides an excellent general introduction to the friction, wear, and lubrication of materials Presents a balanced comparison of the tribological behavior of metals, ceramics, and polymers Includes discussions on tribological applications of surface engineering and materials for sliding and rolling bearings Emphasizes the scientific foundation of tribology Discusses the treatment of wear in the design process Uses SI units throughout and refers to U.S., U.K., and other European standards and material designations
Book Synopsis Constitutive Models for Rubber XI by : Bertrand Huneau
Download or read book Constitutive Models for Rubber XI written by Bertrand Huneau and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constitutive Models for Rubber XI is a comprehensive compilation of both the oral and poster contributions to the European Conference on Constitutive Models for Rubber. This 11th edition, held in Nantes (France) 25-27th June 2019, is the occasion to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the ECCMR series. Around 100 contributions reflect the state-of-the-art in the mechanics of elastomers. They cover the fields of: Material testing Constitutive modelling and finite element implementation Micromechanical aspects, and Durability (failure, fatigue and ageing) Constitutive Models for Rubber XI is of interest for developers and researchers involved in the rubber processing and CAE software industries, as well as for academics in nearly all disciplines of elastomer mechanics and technology.
Book Synopsis Constitutive Models for Rubber IV by : Per-Erik Austrell
Download or read book Constitutive Models for Rubber IV written by Per-Erik Austrell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique properties of elastomeric materials offer numerous advantages in many engineering applications. Elastomeric units are used as couplings or mountings between rigid components, for example in shock absorbers, vibration insulators, flexible joints, seals and suspensions, etc. However, the complicated nature of the behaviour of such material makes it difficult to accurately predict the performance of these units using finite element modelling, for example. It is imperative that constitutive models accurately capture relevant aspects of mechanical behaviour. The latest developments concerning constitutive modelling of rubber is collected in these Proceedings. Topics included in this volume are, Hyperelastic models, Strength, fracture & fatigue, Dynamic properties & the Fletcher-Gent effect, Micro-mechanical & statistical approaches, Stress softening, iscoelasticity, Filler reinforcement, and Tyres, fibre & cord reinforced rubber.
Book Synopsis Friction, Wear, and Lubrication in Vacuum by : Donald H. Buckley
Download or read book Friction, Wear, and Lubrication in Vacuum written by Donald H. Buckley and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Friction and Wear: From Elementary Mechanisms to Macroscopic Behavior by : Valentin L. Popov
Download or read book Friction and Wear: From Elementary Mechanisms to Macroscopic Behavior written by Valentin L. Popov and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis Friction and Wear of Ceramics by : Said Jahanmir
Download or read book Friction and Wear of Ceramics written by Said Jahanmir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-09-23 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive information on the tribological aspects of advanced ceramic materials for all uses that require controlled friction and wear resistance. The text is a guide to altering the microstructure of ceramics to create optimum performance in sliding and rolling contact applications.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Friction by : I.L. Singer
Download or read book Fundamentals of Friction written by I.L. Singer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Friction, unlike many books on tribology, is devoted to one specific topic: friction. After introductory chapters on scientific and engineering perspectives, the next section contains the necessary background within the areas of contact mechanics, surfaces and adhesion. Then on to fracture, deformation and interface shear, from the macroscopic behavior of materials in frictional contact to microscopic models of uniform and granular interfaces. Lubrication by solids, liquids and gases is presented next, from classical flow properties to the reorganization of monolayers of molecules under normal and shear stresses. A section on new approaches at the nano- and atomic scales covers the physics and chemistry of interfaces, an array of visually exciting simulations, using molecular dynamics, of solids and liquids in sliding contact, and related AFM/STM studies. Following a section on machines and measurements, the final chapter discusses future issues in friction.
Book Synopsis Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel by : Vladimir Panjkovic
Download or read book Friction and the Hot Rolling of Steel written by Vladimir Panjkovic and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text offers a systematic presentation of the evolution of concepts of friction, and its fundamental causes. It introduces key factors influencing friction in engineering systems. Applying these concepts, experimental observations and phenomena in various processes, readers understand the key frictional phenomena in the large-scale, commercial process of hot steel rolling. The usefulness of the book is not limited to hot rolling. It also provides an understanding of frictional phenomena in other important industrial sectors, such as automotive industry, railway transport, metal cutting and forming.
Book Synopsis Friction Science and Technology by : Peter J. Blau
Download or read book Friction Science and Technology written by Peter J. Blau and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-20 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Should have broad appeal in many kinds of industry, ranging from automotive to computers-basically any organization concerned with products having moving parts!"-David A. Rigney, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, USAIn-Depth Coverage of Frictional ConceptsFriction affects so many aspects of daily l