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Cloudiness And Precipitation In Relation To Frontal Lifting And Horizontal Convergence
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Book Synopsis Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence by :
Download or read book Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence written by and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physical processes which result in the formation of clouds and the production of precipitation have been described by numerous meteorologists. The genetical classification has been summarized by Petterssen as follows: (1) Clouds and precipitation types which form in unstable air masses, (2) Clouds and precipitation types which form in stable air masses, (3) Clouds and precipitation types which form in connection with quasi-horizontal inversions in the free atmosphere, and (4) Frontal clouds and precipitation forms. In general, the procedure adopted for the forecasting of these meteorological elements can also be subdivided into the same four categories. Since the distribution of the elements in the atmosphere is never constant with time, the problem of forecasting cloudiness and precipitation is sometimes diffcult. A detailed discussion of qualitative and quantitative prognostic methods can be found in various standard meteorological texts. However, present methods are not entirely adequate and it is the aim of this investigation to contribute to the solution of the forecast problem. This study has been divided into two main sections, viz., (1) Clouds and precipitation types which occur at frontal surfaces as the result of frontal lifting, and (2) Clouds and precipitation types which occur within air masses as the result of horizontal convergence within the wind field. (1) Frontal Surfaces. In a recent study of fronts and frontogenesis, Petterssen and Austin have investigated the processes that tend to create wind shear, or vorticity, along fronts. It was found that, in general, an increase or decrease in shear is accompanied by a change in the vertical velocity field at a front. Since cloudiness and precipitation arise from the ascending velocities at frontal surfaces, the possibility of forecasting the change in horizontal shear at a front will be investigated. Furthermore, it has been shown that the vertical velocity of either air mass at a frontal surface ca.
Book Synopsis Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence by : James Murdoch Austin
Download or read book Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence written by James Murdoch Austin and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The physical processes which result in the formation of clouds and the production of precipitation have been described by numerous meteorologists. The genetical classification has been summarized by Petterssen [1] as follows: (1) Clouds and precipitation types which form in unstable air masses, (2) Clouds and precipitation types which form in stable air masses, (3) Clouds and precipitation types which form in connection with quasi-horizontal inversions in the free atmosphere, and (4) Frontal clouds and precipitation forms. In general, the procedure adopted for the forecasting of these meteorological elements can also be subdivided into the same four categories. Since the distribution of the elements in the atmosphere is never constant with time, the problem of forecasting cloudiness and precipitation is sometimes difficult. A detailed discussion of qualitative and quantitative prognostic methods can be found in various standard meteorological texts. However, present methods are not entirely adequate and it is the aim of this investigation to contribute to the solution of the forecast problem. This study has been divided into two main sections, viz., (1) Clouds and precipitation types which occur at frontal surfaces as the result of frontal lifting, and (2) Clouds and precipitation types which occur within air masses as the result of horizontal convergence within the wind field. (1) Frontal Surfaces. In a recent study of fronts and frontogenesis, Petterssen and Austin [2] have investigated the processes that tend to create wind shear, or vorticity, along fronts. It was found that, in general, an increase or decrease in shear is accompanied by a change in the vertical velocity field at a front. Since cloudiness and precipitation arise from the ascending velocities at frontal surfaces, the possibility of forecasting the change in horizontal shear at a front will be investigated. Furthermore, it has been shown that the vertical velocity of either air mass at a frontal surface can be determined from the velocity of the front and the horizontal wind velocity. The wind velocities in the free atmosphere can be obtained with a reasonable degree of accuracy, but the front velocity cannot always be evaluated with the same accuracy. Because it is important to determine the magnitude or at least the sign of the vertical velocities, a kinematical study will be made of the displacement of frontal surfaces. (2) Horizontal Convergence. In 1931 Giao [3] published an explanation of the origin of clouds and precipitation in the vicinity of moving cyclones, without introducing the concept of frontal surfaces. Giao claimed that most condensation phenomena could be attributed to the cooling produced by local pressure changes and the horizontal convergence which arises from the meridional component of the wind velocity. The conclusions are conveniently summarized by Haurwitz [4], together with a short discussion of Giao's theory. Since some systems of clouds and precipitation types may result solely from convergence in the horizontal flow, an attempt will be made to evaluate this effect quantitatively.
Book Synopsis An Objective Method of Forecasting Five-day Precipitation for the Tennessee Valley by : William H. Klein
Download or read book An Objective Method of Forecasting Five-day Precipitation for the Tennessee Valley written by William H. Klein and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation to be described in full in this report was started as a pilot project in July 1946, in an effort to improve and render more objective the precipitation anomaly estimates based on prognostic circulation patterns. Precipitation rather than temperature was investigated, because the forecast verification scores had been consistently lower on precipitation than on temperature forecasts.
Book Synopsis Possibility of Long Range Precipitation Forecasting for the Hawaiian Islands by : Samuel B. Solot
Download or read book Possibility of Long Range Precipitation Forecasting for the Hawaiian Islands written by Samuel B. Solot and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to establish a meteorological forecasting system, it is necessary to find a direct relationship between measurable physical states of the atmosphere and the end product, the weather element to be forecast. The long range forecaster is quite limited in his choice of physical parameters. In fact only the very large-scale dynamics of the atmosphere which can be expressed in terms of mean pressure patterns are amenable to long range analysis. Thus the problem reduces to finding a link between mean planetary pressure patterns and precipitation in the Hawaiian Islands
Book Synopsis Hydrometeorological Report ... by : United States. Weather Bureau. Hydrometeorological Section
Download or read book Hydrometeorological Report ... written by United States. Weather Bureau. Hydrometeorological Section and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extended Weather Forecasting by Weather Type Methods by : Robert D. Elliott
Download or read book Extended Weather Forecasting by Weather Type Methods written by Robert D. Elliott and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Longleaf Pine Site Zones by : Phillip J. Craul
Download or read book Longleaf Pine Site Zones written by Phillip J. Craul and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors delineate six major climatic areas of the longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) region. They subdivide these areas into 21 site zones, each of which is deemed homogenous with respect to climate, physiography, and soils. The site zones are mapped and their climate, physiography, and soils described. The authors recommend that plantings of longleaf pine in any of the six major climatic areas of the longleaf region be made with a seed source from the same area.
Book Synopsis The Precipitation Regime of Long Island, New York by : John Frederick Miller
Download or read book The Precipitation Regime of Long Island, New York written by John Frederick Miller and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerographer's Mate 1 & C. by : United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel
Download or read book Aerographer's Mate 1 & C. written by United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society by : American Meteorological Society
Download or read book Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society written by American Meteorological Society and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of members in v. 1, 8, etc.
Book Synopsis U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper by :
Download or read book U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geological Survey Professional Paper by :
Download or read book Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geological Survey Professional Paper by : Geological Survey (U.S.)
Download or read book Geological Survey Professional Paper written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Papers in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology Published by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution by : Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Download or read book Papers in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology Published by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution written by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Generalized Estimates of Probable Maximum Precipitation for the United States West of the 105th Meridian for Areas to 400 Square Miles and Durations to 24 Hours by : United States. Weather Bureau
Download or read book Generalized Estimates of Probable Maximum Precipitation for the United States West of the 105th Meridian for Areas to 400 Square Miles and Durations to 24 Hours written by United States. Weather Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generalized estimates of probable maximum precipitation have been available for the United States east of the 105th meridian for several years. The need for similar data for the planning and design requirements of the Soil Conservation Service in the region west of the 105th meridian led that agency to cooperate with estimates for that area. This report presents generalized estimates of probable maximum precipitation for areas from a point to 400 square miles and for durations up to 24 hours.