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Climate Mitigation Policy In Turkiye
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Book Synopsis Urban and Regional Planning in Turkey by : Ö. Burcu Özdemir Sarı
Download or read book Urban and Regional Planning in Turkey written by Ö. Burcu Özdemir Sarı and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of urban and regional planning in Turkey. It discusses the fundamental topics and contemporary issues in the field. The book is organized in two parts and it includes 14 chapters. Chapter 1 is designed as an introduction defining the framework of urbanisation in Turkey, and the evolution of urban planning providing a background for the remaining chapters. In Part I, contemporary issues of urban and regional planning in Turkey are covered (i.e., new route taken by regional planning, the role of the planner in the process of shaping the urban form of Turkish cities, the specific features of Turkish city centres, large-scale public investments and their effects on urban areas, urban growth of Turkish cities from an urban morphological viewpoint, and problems and recent planning discussions related to the conservation of archaeological heritage). The challenges faced by urban and regional planning in Turkey are discussed in Part II (i.e., major challenges in residential transformation, excess housing production and the future of housing markets, challenges posed by increasing (global) immigration and refugees, challenges due to integration of a resilience thinking framework into the planning systems, development and planning activities of settlements in hazard prone areas, and the current state of climate policy and governance). In the concluding chapter an overall assessment of the contemporary issues and challenges for urban and regional planning in Turkey is made with special emphasis on the last 15 years of the country. Discussions on the case of Turkey could be useful examples both for developed and developing countries.
Book Synopsis A Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries by : Mr. Simon Black
Download or read book A Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries written by Mr. Simon Black and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-12-16 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing interest in international coordination over climate mitigation policy. Climate clubs or international carbon price floors could complement the Paris Agreement by helping to deliver the near-term cuts in global greenhouse gas emissions needed to contain global warming to 1.5 to 2oC. To ensure inclusivity, these arrangements need to account for varying mitigation policies across countries, including carbon pricing, fuel taxes, subsidy reform, and non-pricing approaches like regulations. A transparent methodology is needed to compare and monitor mitigation effort by countries implementing diverse policy packages. This paper presents and illustrates a methodology for converting climate mitigation policies and targets into their carbon price equivalents and applies it to the Group of Twenty (G20) countries.
Book Synopsis Assessment of a Carbon Tax as a Tool to Decarbonize Turkey's Energy Supply 2050 by : Ozan Bakis
Download or read book Assessment of a Carbon Tax as a Tool to Decarbonize Turkey's Energy Supply 2050 written by Ozan Bakis and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As has been amply documented by science and validated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, global warming is a reality. In response to global warming, the interna- tional community has devised ambitious policies that are enshrined in the Kyoto Protocol and most recently, in the Paris Agreement. Most of the countries, including Turkey, have signed on to the Paris Agreement, signaling their willingness to take responsibility vis-à-vis the international community and future generations. Turkey has furthermore defined and communicated its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions to this collective effort. It is legitimate for a country like Turkey to assess how it can realistically meet its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions. This is where the present study comes in. Our study aims to quantify the economic costs and impacts of possible climate mitigation policies. This will help Turkey decide which policy and policy mix best fits its needs, while at the same time meeting its global responsibility. While the study indicates possible options for Turkish policymakers, its main contribution lies in its underlying model, which makes it possible to simulate many more options than the ones outlined in this document. Thanks to our model, we can perform multiple simulations for the 2021-2050 period to analyze the effects of different policies on main economic aggregates such as GDP, employment, emissions, and demand for different energy types. We study the effect of various carbon taxes based on for two different tax policies: (1) taxes become effective in the next year, and (2) taxes become effective in five years. We then analyze the effects of a subsidy on renewable energy implemented with carbon taxes on all polluting energy types. Our model is also capable of showing the effects of exogenous shocks on the economy. In that context, we examine the economy's behavior in response to changes in total factor productivity and changes in the international prices of oil and natural gas. The following section presents Turkey's emissions' structure in international comparison. Section 3 discusses state-of-the-art policy measures to mitigate global warming and ex- plains the choice of a combined carbon tax and subsidies for renewables. Section 4 discusses and assesses the existing studies of the effects of climate change mitigating policy measures on the Turkish economy. Section 5 provides a non-technical summary of the model and states conducted simulations. We present our results in Section 6, before Section 7 concludes and makes recommendations for policymakers in Turkey.
Book Synopsis Climate Mitigation Policy in Türkiye by : Ian W.H. Parry
Download or read book Climate Mitigation Policy in Türkiye written by Ian W.H. Parry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses potential elements of a comprehensive strategy for making headway on Türkiye’s net zero emissions pedge for 2053. These elements include: (i) aligning 2030 emissions commitments with long term neutrality; (ii) implementing a carbon price rising to an ilustrative $75 per tonne by 2030; (iii) enhancing acceptability through using carbon pricing revenues efficiently and equitably and including competitveness measures; (iv) introducing various feebate schemes (the fiscal analogue of regulations) to reinforce mitigation incentives in the power, industry, transport, building, forestry, and agricultural sectors. According to modelling results a phased revenue-neutral $75 carbon price reduces CO2 emisisons 21 percent below baseline levels in 2030, raises revenues of 1.7 percent of GDP, avoids 11,000 air pollution deaths over the decade, while imposing an average burden on households of 3 percent of their consumption (before revenue-recycling). With revenues used for targeted transfers and labor tax reductions the overall policy is pro-poor and pro-equity (average household is better off by 0.4 percent).
Book Synopsis Insight Turkey / Winter 2022 - Climate Change And Migration by :
Download or read book Insight Turkey / Winter 2022 - Climate Change And Migration written by and published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and migration are two major phenomena that are constantly altering our planet and need a broad perspective to comprehend. Climate change has lately risen to the top of the worldwide agenda, and both the international community and national governments are scrambling to find adequate answers to its overwhelming impacts on the planet and its people. Migration has become a sobering concern, both as an epiphenomenal repercussion of climate change and as an inherent dynamic in and of itself, particularly in the light of recent mass movements of people from war-torn countries such as Syria, Afghanistan, and, most recently, Ukraine due to Russia’s invasion. Climate change is becoming one of the most powerful forces driving human migration; many observers claim that in the near future its impact may exceed all man-made impacts. Although violence, persecution, and poverty have always driven people to leave their homes and their countries, climate change and natural disasters such as massive earthquakes, destructive floods, and global warming are increasingly impacting migratory patterns. The current global climate emergency has begun to influence not only the security of humans but also nation-states. While some natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods cause direct and immediate human displacements, climate change-related emergencies such as drought and erosion cause slow but steady migrations. As incremental climate change can increase the risk of natural disasters, their consequences will have vital implications for displacements (local or cross-border) and international policymaking. The right to a healthy and humane environment includes the enjoyment of a safe, clean, and sustainable climate, which is crucial to human existence and well-being. It is the responsibility of all states to take necessary measures such as preparing rights-based decarbonization plans, achieving zero carbon emissions, decreasing the use of fossil fuels, protecting vulnerable peoples, and increasing climate finance. In other words, maintaining a safe climate and protecting human rights are two interrelated issues. While most observers have been focusing on the movement of people leaving their homes and countries due to war and political crises, far less attention has been given to the millions fleeing their homes and countries due to climate change or other natural disasters. According to the International Displacement Monitoring Center, since 2008 more than 21 million people on average per year have been displaced due to different natural disasters. The capacity of nation-states in dealing with large swathes of people fleeing their home countries due to war, conflicts, natural disasters, and climate change has been of increasing interest for scholars and policymakers. The international refugee system and associated institutions have been criticized for failing to address the issue and lagging behind the developments producing further refugees. Countries, particularly the ‘developed’ ones, are responding to the problem by erecting further walls on their borders and around their policies, leading to the securitization of refugees bases mainly on economic arguments while most of the world’s refugees continue to live in ‘less developed’ parts of the world. Mental walls are also erected in front of refugees. In line with the rise of right-wing populism in Western and European countries, refugees are invariably politicized via anti-refugee discourses marked by the cultural difference they exemplify. Turkey’s open-door policy toward Syrian refugees since 2011 presents an exceptionally welcoming approach compared to the strict refugee regime of EU countries. Notwithstanding the dubious normative power of Europe and liberal humanitarianism, it stands for, most European countries reveal an unequivocal stance against accepting refugees from the South and the East. Whereas they have unconditionally opened their arms to Ukrainians, fleeing their country due to the Russian invasion, revealing a bitter double standard of the West when it comes to war and refugees. Our special issue entitled Climate Change and Migration strives to accomplish two broad objectives. First and foremost, it seeks to present an alarming and innovative perspective on climate change via case studies from all across the world. Second, we want to look at migration from the vantage point of global and regional dynamics that force people to migrate to ‘hopefully’ safer parts of the world at the risk to their lives, and we want to encourage international organizations and governments to find long-term solutions to this ever-changing process. To fulfill these aims our on-topic commentaries set off with a case study from Kerela, the southernmost state in India. Irudaya Rajan and his colleagues evaluate the role of inter-state migrants in the socio-economic profile of Kerala and comment on the necessity to include them as a priority in the migration policy discussions, particularly in light of the state’s proneness to natural disasters. They conclude that because the region is prone to regular floods, landslides, and other natural disasters, it is long overdue for inter-state migrants to be integrated into society and state policy to avoid mass migration and abuse during such trying times. Burak Güneş and Haydar Karaman examine how the UN Human Rights Council’s recent decision recognizing “The Human Right to a Safe, Clean, Healthy, and Sustainable Environment” prepares the way for a legal-political debate over climate-related issues. Turning their critical gaze to the case of Haiti, they analyze the consequences and significance of international law and politics on climate refugees as well as offer practical answers for persons who have been relocated as a result of environmental problems. They hypothesize that the migration as an adaptation framework could be useful for policymakers in determining how voluntary migration can help reduce vulnerability and exposure to climate-related damages, based on their analysis of the relevance of international law and politics on climate refugees in the case of the Republic of Haiti. Their demand for nations to adopt legal frameworks and enforceable mechanisms to cope with this unavoidable threat is of paramount importance. In our next commentary, Abdullah Ayaz discusses climate change as well as the more recent causes of migratory migrations from a global perspective. In particular, he examines the impact of externalization policies on migratory movements, which are predicted to gather steam as a result of the expanding diversity of push factors. He also highlights the roles and implementation of border restrictions, repatriation agreements, and other legal procedures aimed at making international protection and financial support programs more difficult for migrants. The author rightly calls for a more equitable reorganization of migration management at the international level due to the increased effect and frequency of migration. As a logical conclusion of his recommendations, Ayaz asks the international community to assume greater responsibility for migration-related events and focus on addressing the core causes of migration. To make international migration management more just, equitable, and humane, one may draw from this debate that it is necessary to focus on the primary causes for migration rather than aiming to drive migrants away through externalization policies. The critical perspective that binds together all discussions in our special issue also marks Alexander Ugwukah’s timely commentary on the migration to and from Libya. The socio-economic ramifications of illegal migration to and from Libya are examined in this study in a brief yet perceptive manner. Its goal is to examine the underlying reasons and exacerbation of the development, its transformation into new kinds of slavery and a source of revenue for some criminal elements, the involvement of the EU, and how it impacts Nigerians and other nationals in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ugwukah concludes that the situation needs to be addressed from all angles: the source of the supply, the Libyan recipients and accomplices, and the final destination locations in Europe, which will either accept or reject the migrants. In our final on-topic commentary Ömer Yılmaz examines Ankara’s ‘safe zones’ in Northern Syria, as well clarifying whether creating safe zones in response to the Syrian civil conflict and the subsequent humanitarian catastrophe was a choice or a requirement for Ankara in terms of irregular migration and border security. Yılmaz argues Turkey has declared multiple safe zones within Syria’s borders, using its right to self-defense under international law, to battle terrorist organizations that have taken advantage of the increasing vacuum in authority on Syrian land to put Turkish borders and nationals at danger. Recounting the critical turning points in the Syrian civil war, Yılmaz proposes that the safe zones serve three preemptive and prospective functions, (i) by providing a safe haven for the civilian population, (ii) by paving a step forward in the counter-terrorism campaign and attempts to stop irregular migration, and finally, (iii) by allowing Syrians to return to their homeland. In our off-topic commentary, Zafer Meşe provides a timely overview of German-Turkish relations vis-à-vis the formation of the ‘traffic light’ coalition as a result of the national elections of September 26, 2021. Meşe examines future bilateral ties with the incoming German administration by comparing the Turkish-German bilateral route since the turn of the millennium to a symbolic roller coaster ride to explain the ups and downs in the domain of foreign and security policy. Meşe estimates that bilateral ties will most likely be dominated by European concerns in the next months and years and Turkey will promote a good European agenda while also considering its national interests. Our special issue features 5 on-topic research articles and 2 off-topic ones providing in-depth analyses of the issues at stake. Mehmet Emin Binpınar and Çiğdem Tuğaç discuss the link between climate change and migration, as well as the potential repercussions in the context of climate security throughout the world and in Turkey. They conclude that in line with the fulfillment of human rights, international cooperation should assist the realization of the right to life, the right to enough food, water, appropriate health opportunities, education, the right to housing, and the right to self-realization. Next, Yusuf Alpaydın examines the migration experiences of Meskhetian Turkic high school students to Turkey. Yusuf Alpaydın points to the fact that in today’s globe, there is a lot of migration between nations, which is both frequent and severe at times and these movements have an impact on the nations’ economic, health, and education systems, and it will be advantageous for educational decision-makers to conduct a comprehensive analysis of these populations’ requirements and develop solutions to their difficulties. Ching-An Chang examines the socioeconomic makeup of Syrian refugees in Turkey and the opportunities it presents for better organizing refugee policy. The Syrian conflict, which has lasted more than ten years, is the worst humanitarian disaster since WWII. Turkey is home to over four million Syrians, the largest of any country. According to the author, there is still a long way to go before war refugees can return to their homeland and many of them have already formed a new life in the host nation; it is difficult for them to just abandon what they have achieved. More to the point, the destruction of their communities back home is another reason why people are hesitant to return, therefore the development of a long-term integration strategy for the host nations is unavoidable. The destruction resulting from state violence and the concomitant ethical concerns are the main themes of Rabia Aamir’s study of the personal story of Ghada Karmi, an anglicized Arab woman who was forced to leave her birth and childhood home in Palestine more than eighty-three years ago. This conceptual paper examines how Karmi presents her right to return to the land of her birth, how she problematizes the ongoing marginalization, erasure, and Nakba of her land, both by external and internal factors, and how she states the environmental ethic of her place, all while understanding the need for social justice and decolonization as expressed in her memoir. Sibel Yanık Aslan questions whether the inclusive link between migration and security has an impact on efforts to develop uniform migration policy and concludes that the formulation of an efficient immigration strategy is hampered by decisions made under the impact of securitization. When migration is regulated only for security reasons, Yanık Aslan argues, the EU’s basic ideals are jeopardized. In the penultimate article, Hatice Karahan and Nigar Tuğsuz assess the link between the socioeconomic rights of headscarved women in Turkey and official attitudes about the headscarf. Their findings suggest that real variety and integrity in the labor market cannot be attained in Turkey unless political and economic forces firmly promote equitable treatment for women professionals who choose to follow the Islamic dress code. In the final article, Murat Ülgül and İsmail Köse analyze the U.S.’ Black Sea policies using Jentleson’s framework, dubbed as 4Ps, referring to power, peace, prosperity, and principles. They argue that the ‘unilateral moment’ gave American leaders the impression that they could easily achieve all of their goals however, as they point out, in various places, including the South China Sea, the Middle East, and the Black Sea region, power-seeking practices frequently clashed with the interests of other regional powers, resulting in instability. This issue of Insight Turkey aims to present the current intertwined situation of climate change and migration through providing its readers with a general framework of the global natural challenges facing migrants and refugees, and highlight different migration and refugee policies from a selection of cases. We hope that this issue will pave the way for future research into the relationship between climate change and migration and the necessary policies that need to be undertaken in this regard.
Book Synopsis CHANGE THE ATTITUDE CHANGE THE CLIMATE THROUGH RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SUMMARY FINDINGS FROM THE UK, SWITZERLAND, ROMANIA, FRANCE AND TURKEY by : Glocal Partnership
Download or read book CHANGE THE ATTITUDE CHANGE THE CLIMATE THROUGH RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SUMMARY FINDINGS FROM THE UK, SWITZERLAND, ROMANIA, FRANCE AND TURKEY written by Glocal Partnership and published by RJ4All Publications . This book was released on 2022-11-25 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This E-book summarizes the current state of art in relation climate change, environmental harm and practical solutions to be followed in UK, France, Switzerland, Romania and Turkey. It highlights the the significance of the issue as well as the gaps in addressing. The e-book is produced as part of the project “Glocal” coordinated by the Restorative Justice for All International Institute and delivered in partnership with Carmen Sylva Art College, İ.ova Youth Art Culture Organisation, Lycée Beauséjour and Eruditus Language School. Co-funded by Erasmus+ and coordinated by Dr. Theo Gavrielides
Book Synopsis Environmental Law and Policies in Turkey by : Zerrin Savaşan
Download or read book Environmental Law and Policies in Turkey written by Zerrin Savaşan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide a general systematic analysis of key issues of Turkish environmental law and policies and to highlight the related concerns and challenges. Its chapters provide a historical perspective and general understanding of the legal settings of Turkish Environmental Law; offer an overall understanding of the evolving and prevailing paradigms of legislation and administrative practices in environmental policy in Turkey; explain how EIA has become the main environmental management tool and instrument of environmental compliance in Turkey; discuss the project process, challenges and results of the EU-funded project ‘Turkey’s Map of Environmental Violations’ and food security in Turkey; and present a picture of environmental justice movements from bottom-up over the establishment and operation of small-scale hydroelectricity power plants.Thus, with its comprehensive coverage of up-to-date information and findings enabling the reader to understand the topic in full analyses of key themes in Turkish environmental law and policies, addressing, in separate chapters, concepts like environmental justice, food security, environmental compliance, environmental impact assessment (EIA), and environmental cases in Turkey in detail multidisciplinary approach enabling readers to learn about the topic in a holistic mannerit aims to be:• a valuable source of information about Turkish environmental law and policies• an effective tool to support teaching and research on Turkish environmental law and policies• an aid to decision-making on Turkish environmental issues• an important resource for graduate and postgraduate research students and policymakers working on Turkish environmental law and policies Given there is no competitive book on the market with similar coverage, it makes a meaningful contribution to Turkish environmental scholarship
Book Synopsis Insight Turkey / Spring 2022: Rethinking Environmental Security in Türkiye and Beyond by :
Download or read book Insight Turkey / Spring 2022: Rethinking Environmental Security in Türkiye and Beyond written by and published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi. This book was released on 2022-08-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One significant element is dragging the world community toward the necessity of going beyond national borders and interests to work together in the face of the new challenges that it poses: the environment and its security. Today the biggest and maybe the most neglected threat to humanity, in many pundits’ eyes, is global warming. The implications of subsequent climate change will have far-reaching impacts in all regions of the world, but they require special attention in industrialized countries that have compounded the consequences for the rest of the world, which is classified as developing or undeveloped. The challenge, on the other hand, does not acknowledge differences and thus requires collective action. Just to mention a few, some of the most felt effects of climate change are rising sea levels, resource depletion, freshwater shortages, deforestation, biodiversity loss, and natural disasters like floods, hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires. Indeed, according to the latest data from the World Health Organization it is estimated that in the period between 2030 to 2050 climate change alone will cause approximately 250,000 additional deaths per year because of malnutrition, malaria, diarrhea, and heat stress. The severity of these environmental problems has brought to the fore profound discussions on their impact on humans, states, and the world as a whole. As a result, debates over the securitization of the environment have gained prominence, especially in the late 1970s –due to the oil crises– and early 1990s –as the Cold War came to an end. On the one hand, the main focus of these debates has been on the impact that resource scarcity has on national security and cross border conflicts. On the other hand, moving away from the traditional understanding of security, the debates have concentrated on human security, specifically the threat that the environmental changes pose to the existence of human life on this planet. Alongside these discussions, considering that the environmental changes have a global impact, several international efforts have taken place to address these issues and find possible solutions. Starting in 1972 with the first world conference on environment –(United Nations Conference on the Human Environment)– in Stockholm several other undertakings have been held, especially after the end of the Cold War, i.e. the Earth Summit in 1992, which led later to the ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Within the latter’s framework, the UN holds yearly conferences (Conference of Parties, COP) that tackle the latest issues on climate change and environmental security, the most recent one held in Glasgow, Scotland. It is indeed these conferences that led to important international charters such as the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement. In the light of these events, states have started to change and adopt their national security policies by taking into consideration the above-mentioned agreements and the ongoing environmental changes. However, despite these efforts, the world faces several environmental problems which emphasize the need for rapid and direct action. As an illustration, just in recent months, as the world is shaken by the Russia-Ukraine war, it has once again been demonstrated that environmental security –in this case in terms of food security– goes beyond the borders and will have a global impact. Türkiye, like all other nations, is facing the harsh reality of global change and looking into the challenge of dealing with its ramifications. Ankara joined the Kyoto Protocol in 2009 and the Paris Agreement in October 2021 under President Erdoğan. Türkiye is committed to reaching net-zero carbon emissions by 2053 through the implementation of these initiatives. It was noted in Türkiye’s Eleventh Development Plan (2019-2023) that the country was committed to making significant economic and social changes to implement a ‘green revolution’, one element of the larger initiative to construct ‘green cities’ being the National Green Building Certificate System. Furthermore, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change of Türkiye developed a Regional Climate Change Course of Action, outlining the steps that must be taken to assuage the negative consequences of climate change. The Ministry emphasized its awareness of the need for fresh approaches to protect water sources, lower water use, improve rain harvests, recycle water, and build drip irrigation systems when it adopted the National Climate Adaptation Strategy and Course of Change (2011-2023). To better understand and reflect on these effects in this special issue of Insight Turkey we invited scholarly papers focusing on the dimensions of environmental security and their impact on international politics. As with all our past special issues, we have focused on Türkiye’s policy efforts to mitigate the harmful effects of environmental change. To account for the nexus between geopolitics and environmental security Peter Hough’s commentary approaches the issue from a supranational angle by bringing under the spotlight the great power competition in the Arctic. The author argues that, although the Arctic is still not an arena for war due to geopolitical rivalry among world powers, environmental issues pose the greatest dangers as intergovernmental ties in the area deteriorate. According to Hough, Russian energy export disruptions caused by Western sanctions may force the Kremlin to explore ecologically destructive initiatives further north. Canada may also be tempted to make up for energy shortages by restarting controversial drilling projects that were previously abandoned. The sparsely inhabited Arctic is unable to deal with oil spills, and additional incursions would result in higher pollution and much more destructive social disturbance. In a similar vein in our second commentary, Lassi Heininen assumes that although there is a new (East-West) great power competition with its associated conflicts in international politics, no violent conflicts arise in the Arctic, but environmental degradation and rapid climate change continue to endanger the inhabitants. The author further highlights the fact that in international politics, there is an urgent need to expand beyond the unified state system and achieve what was previously done domestically on a global, planetary scale, yet this is not occurring. Overall, both commentaries on the Arctic reveal that the post-Cold War Arctic is an intriguing case study for emphasizing the importance of the environment, as well as a reminder that high geopolitical stability and mutually beneficial common interests are both products of, and prerequisites for, effective collaboration. In our third on-topic commentary Karim Elgendy focuses on a more disputed case, namely the East Mediterranean. As the author rightly points out the Eastern Mediterranean area is a disjointed area covering a diverse group of countries formed by core topography and overlapping geopolitical goals. One thing is a common concern, though, the climatic issues and a system for cooperation urgently in the Eastern Mediterranean. Three on-topic research articles, two from a local viewpoint and one from an international one are included in our special edition and focus on the relationship between environmental security and climate change. Ayşegül Kibaroğlu uses institutional and cross-sector (energy and food) analyses to define Türkiye’s water security policies and practices with a particular focus on the transboundary water security strategies of Türkiye. The author concludes that a strong institutional structure, notably at the state level, has been built to achieve Türkiye’s overall socio-economic development objectives, which depend on the development of water and land resources. The need for improved governance, with proper coordination and cooperation among the public, private, and non-governmental institutions in charge of securing water for agricultural and hydropower development, domestic and industrial uses, as well as the preservation and protection of the environment, is however necessitated by the various types of increasing pressures on scarce water resources. Following up, İzzet Arı evaluates the framework of Turkish national climate policy against the backdrop of global climate change discussions. The paper succinctly explains how Türkiye is helping to combat climate change on a global scale. The basic tenets of Türkiye’s stance in climate negotiations include climate justice, taking into account the historical obligations of industrialized nations, the ‘Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities’ (CBDR-RC) concept, and equitable burden-sharing among all parties. As a result, the Paris Agreement’s structure, obligation coverage, and goals are consistent with Türkiye’s overall climate policy. Türkiye’s attempts to ensure equity in the UNFCCC’s classification of nations reflect its ambitions for climate justice. In the conclusion, the author warns that while Türkiye’s demand for climate justice must still be taken into account in current international climate discussions, Türkiye should incorporate and execute national climate policies into its development plans and programs. In our next on-topic research paper Yasemin Kaya questions the role of International Environmental Regimes (IERs) in global environmental governance. She astutely argues that as the Anthropocene is fundamentally altering the contextual settings in which IERs work, the scope of mainstream conversations about the effectiveness of IERs be widened to include the earth system viewpoint. The conclusion of the paper is bitter yet insightful. Despite continued attempts by regimes, environmental indicators reveal that there has been a tremendous increase in global environmental change. The efficacy of environmental regimes is a contentious topic since IERs, whose purpose is to collaborate to produce solutions for environmental problems, have not been sufficiently successful in this regard. Three off-topic research articles and one commentary enrich the scope of our special issue. Heiran-Nia and Monshipouri provide a thorough yet not exhaustive account of the situation of the middle class in Iran, which is taken to be on the slippery slope, switching from its dream of political reform to the reality of economic security. Thus, the authors fittingly refer to the Iranian middle class nowadays as economically comparable to the lowest strata of society, and they argue that this group largely seeks economic rather than political advancement. Duran, in the second off-topic research article of our special issue, attempts to elaborate on the dynamics of the normalization process ushered in by the Arab Spring and Türkiye’s role in spearheading this process with projected outcomes aimed at long-term stability in the region. Our final commentary by Ali Bakır covers the normalization procedures between the major parties in the Middle East from 2021 to 2022, as well as the efforts at reconciliation and rapprochement. The author subtly argues that although the normalization efforts have resulted in a fairly favorable environment in the region, it is difficult to assess whether some of the essential actors are forging this new route out of a real desire to do so or simply out of pragmatism. Meanwhile, Burhanettin Duran concludes that regional normalization has become a new political preference for the majority of participants, although it still has certain restrictions, the most significant of which is the intense global rivalry into which this normalization process evolved. Finally, Mohammed Torki Bani Salameh and Ahmad Ishakat investigate the dynamics of Israel’s perception of danger and security policy by integrating the two major theoretical frameworks of constructivism and realism. Revealing how identity and security perceptions shape the policy of Israel, the authors believe realist constructivism can help understand Israel’s behavior. While the importance of environmental security certainly is going to increase in the following years as more regional and global actors will join the fight against the climate change, it is critical to examine and understand the issue from geopolitical, economic, and legal perspectives. With that said, we are confident that this issue of Insight Turkey entitled “Rethinking Environmental Security in Türkiye and Beyond” will present timely studies regarding environmental security, a complex and increasingly important issue for Türkiye and the world.
Book Synopsis Macroeconomics of Climate Change in a Dualistic Economy by : Sevil Acar
Download or read book Macroeconomics of Climate Change in a Dualistic Economy written by Sevil Acar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macroeconomics of Climate Change in a Dualistic Economy: A Regional General Equilibrium Analysis generates significant, genuinely novel insights about dual economies and sustainable economic growth. These insights are generalize-able and applicable worldwide. The authors overcome existing limitations in general equilibrium modeling. By concentrating on tensions between green growth and dualism, they consider the global efforts against climate change and opposition by specific countries based on economic development needs. Using Turkey as their primary example, they address these two most discussed and difficult issues related to policy setting, blazing a path for those seeking an applied economic research framework to study such economic considerations. Couples a CGE climate change mitigation policy analysis with a dual economy approach Presents methods to model and assess policy instruments for mitigating climate change Provides data sets and models on a freely-accessible companion website Offers a path for those seeking an applied economic research framework to study economic considerations
Book Synopsis Confronting the Climate Challenge by : Lawrence Goulder
Download or read book Confronting the Climate Challenge written by Lawrence Goulder and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-26 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without significant reductions of greenhouse gas emissions, climate change will cause substantial damage to the environment and the economy. The scope of the threat demands a close look at the policies capable of reducing the harm. Confronting the Climate Challenge presents a unique framework for evaluating the impacts of a range of U.S. climate-policy options, both for the economy overall and for particular household groups, industries, and regions. Lawrence Goulder and Marc Hafstead focus on four alternative approaches for reducing carbon dioxide emissions: a revenue-neutral carbon tax, a cap-and-trade program, a clean energy standard, and an increase in the federal gasoline tax. They demonstrate that these policies—if designed correctly—not only can achieve emissions reductions at low cost but also can avoid placing undesirable burdens on low-income household groups or especially vulnerable industries. Goulder and Hafstead apply a multiperiod, economy-wide general equilibrium model that is distinct in its attention to investment dynamics and to interactions between climate policy and the tax system. Exploiting the unique features of the model, they contrast the shorter- and longer-term policy impacts and focus on alternative ways of feeding back—or “recycling”—policy-generated revenues to the private sector. Their work shows how careful policy design, including the judicious use of policy-generated revenues, can achieve desired reductions in carbon dioxide emissions at low cost, avoid uneven impacts across household income groups, and prevent losses of profit in the most vulnerable U.S. industries. The urgency of the climate problem demands comprehensive action, and Confronting the Climate Challenge offers important insights that can help elevate policy discussions and spur needed efforts on the climate front.
Book Synopsis Climate Change Law and Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region by : Damilola S. Olawuyi
Download or read book Climate Change Law and Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region written by Damilola S. Olawuyi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change Law and Policy in the Middle East and North Africa Region provides an in-depth and authoritative examination of the guiding principles of climate change law and policy in the MENA region. This volume introduces readers to the latest developments in the regulation of climate change across the region, including the applicable legislation, institutions, and key legal innovations in climate change financing, infrastructure development, and education. It outlines participatory and bottom-up legal strategies—focusing on transparency, accountability, gender justice, and other human rights safeguards—needed to achieve greater coherence and coordination in the design, approval, financing, and implementation of climate response projects across the region. With contributions from a range of experts in the field, the collection reflects on how MENA countries can advance existing national strategies around climate change, green economy, and low carbon futures through clear and comprehensive legislation. Taking an international and comparative approach, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and practitioners who work in the areas of climate change, environmental law and policy, and sustainable development, particularly in relation to the MENA region.
Book Synopsis Shock Waves by : Stephane Hallegatte
Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Author :Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789291691432 Total Pages :151 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (914 download)
Book Synopsis Climate Change 2014 by : Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat
Download or read book Climate Change 2014 written by Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turkish 'Environmental' Accession to the EU by : Josephine A. W. van Zeben
Download or read book Turkish 'Environmental' Accession to the EU written by Josephine A. W. van Zeben and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the establishment of its original mandate as a purely economic union, the competences of the European Union have rapidly expanded, not least in the area of environmental policy making. This increase in competency areas has also affected the accession conditions for Turkey - the necessity for Turkey to harmonize its laws with the European acquis communautaire now includes the harmonization of environmental regulations. This inclusion will require much in terms of administrative and legislative capacity from the Turkish government. As such, Turkey's pre-existing environmental situation has been described as 'a considerable obstacle in its EU accession efforts'. This article will focus on the current stumble blocks for Turkey in terms harmonization of environmental regulation, specifically in the area of climate change policy. The increasing use of so-called market-based instruments in this area prima facie appears to aid Turkey in combining economic development with environmental sustainability but the reality proves to be very complex. This article will discuss the position of Turkey as a candidate state to the European Union in terms of environmental policy, focusing on its potential role within the EU ETS. The build up of this paper will thus be as follows: first, the most important features of current European climate (change) policy will be highlighted, focusing on the internal targets of “20 20 by 2020” (January 2008) and the more externally focused “International climate policy post- Copenhagen: Acting now to reinvigorate global action on climate change” (March 2010). Then, the context and functioning of the EU ETS will be explored. Second, an overview of the Turkish environment and possible hurdles regarding the implementation of the European environmental acquis will be given. The final part of this article will analyze the possible advantages for Turkey in joining the EU ETS - compared to its current position under theKyoto Protocol mechanisms - and the legal stumble blocks possibly preventing inclusion in the EU ETS - both in terms of European law and international law.
Book Synopsis Addressing Climate Change in Türkiye: An Opportunity For a More Sustainable and Resilient Future by : Duru Oksuz
Download or read book Addressing Climate Change in Türkiye: An Opportunity For a More Sustainable and Resilient Future written by Duru Oksuz and published by TRANSATLANTIC POLICY QUARTERLY. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welcome to a special issue brought to you by the exceptional staff of the World Bank Türkiye! It is both a pleasure and an honor to showcase their insights in TPQ. In "Addressing Climate Change in Türkiye: An Opportunity For A More Sustainable and Resilient Future," we delve into the pivotal role of green finance in Türkiye's journey towards sustainability. This issue explores how the intersection of resilience and decarbonization is shaping Türkiye's future. As we navigate these crucial themes, we invite you to explore the strategies and innovations that promise a resilient, green Türkiye. We hope to have the World Bank's insighftful contributions on such important matters to continue in the future years as well. We invite you to delve deeper into the various facets of this special edition of TPQ, titled 'Addressing Climate Change in Türkiye: An Opportunity For A More Sustainable and Resilient Future.'
Book Synopsis Low Carbon Transition in Emerging Economies by : Erkin Erdoğan
Download or read book Low Carbon Transition in Emerging Economies written by Erkin Erdoğan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many emerging economies are on the front line of the devastating impacts of global warming such as desertification and extreme weather events, but, for historical and political reasons, they follow ambitious growth targets with seemingly little concern for climate change and environmental degradation. Focusing on the case of Turkey, this book investigates the economic impacts of possible climate change policies to help meet the required mitigation targets and transition to a low carbon economy. In order to reach net-zero targets by 2050 in compliance with the Paris Agreement, Turkey must introduce policies that promote low carbon investments, green jobs and low carbon employment more broadly. This book explores the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of a carbon pricing mechanism by developing an econometric vector autoregression (VAR) model to analyse key data sets. This time series analysis provides insights on a macro level, dealing with aggregate data in which the role and complexity of micro interferences disappear, allowing for the discovery of patterns and changes over time. Thus, the book contributes to the literature on methodology by arguing that time series analysis is one of the best-fitting approaches to estimate possible impacts of climate change policies on an economy. Additionally, the results of the model are compared and contrasted with similar data from other emerging economies to identify potential common policy solutions between countries at a similar stage of development. This book is vital reading for researchers interested in climate policy, the economics of climate change and environmental economics.
Book Synopsis Climate Change Adaptation by : Lisa Dale
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptation written by Lisa Dale and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change policy has typically emphasized mitigation, calling for reducing emissions and shifting away from fossil fuels. Yet while these efforts have floundered, floods, wildfires, droughts, and other disasters are becoming more frequent and potent. As the risks escalate, we must ask how to adapt to a changing climate. How might farmers modify their practices to maximize food security? Can coastal cities protect their infrastructure from rising seas? Are there strategic ways for developing countries to combine climate resilience with economic growth and poverty reduction? For people and societies around the world, these questions are not theoretical: adaptation is already underway. This book offers a concise overview of climate adaptation governance. In clear, accessible language, Lisa Dale describes key strategies that governments, communities, and the private sector are now deploying. She presents the theory and practice that underlie climate adaptation efforts at local and global scales, providing illuminating case studies that foreground the problems facing developing countries. Dale analyzes the effectiveness of a range of policy interventions, drawing out principles of good governance and discussing how practitioners can navigate complex tradeoffs. She emphasizes equity and inclusion, considering how climate adaptation policy can account for the needs of historically disadvantaged groups. Written for a wide audience, this book is an invaluable introduction for all readers interested in how societies can meet the challenges of an altered climate.
