Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309297493
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements by : Leslie A. Pray

Download or read book Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements written by Leslie A. Pray and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.

Endocrine Aspects of Disease Processes

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 1483194507
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Endocrine Aspects of Disease Processes by : Gaëtan Jasmin

Download or read book Endocrine Aspects of Disease Processes written by Gaëtan Jasmin and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine Aspects of Disease Processes presents a critical review of hypothalamic hormones regulating the secretion of the anterior pituitary. The book discusses calcitonin as a hormone of ultimobranchials; the brain monoamines and thyroid hormones on emotional stress induced by sympathomimetic agents; and the pharmacology of aggression. Some of the topics covered in the book are the characteristics of brain plasticity under stress; the sleep-wakefulness patterns; the endocrine factors in the etiology of peptic ulcer; and blood sugar levels and allergies. The inflammation and structure of thymus; the cause of coronary and cerebral artery thrombosis in human; and the definition of serum aminopexy are also considered. The book further tackles corticosterone-binding by transcortin; the pituitary-thyroid-adrenocortical interaction in the rat; and the description of polypeptides and biogenic amines in the acute inflammatory reactions. The text also looks into the pathogenesis of adrenal-regeneration and methyl-androstenediol hypertension; and the peripheral vasodilation and thymic tumors in magnesium-deficient rats. A chapter is devoted to the role of the adrenal cortex in the pathogenesis of a spontaneous hereditary congestive heart failure. The book can provide useful information to endocrinologist, doctors, students, and researchers.

Development of the Autonomic Nervous System

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 047071834X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of the Autonomic Nervous System by : Katherine Elliott

Download or read book Development of the Autonomic Nervous System written by Katherine Elliott and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.

The Enteric Nervous System

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Enteric Nervous System by : John Barton Furness

Download or read book The Enteric Nervous System written by John Barton Furness and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Research Awards Index

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 776 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Awards Index by :

Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466506938
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis by : Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr.

Download or read book Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis written by Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely symposium entitled Body-Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration was held at Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil in 2011. This meeting was convened as an official satellite of a joint gathering of the International Society for Autonomic Neuroscience (ISAN) and the American Autonomic Society (AAS) held in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. Broad international participation at this event generated stimulating discussion among the invited speakers, leading to the publication of Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Drawn from the proceedings and filled with rich examples of integrative neurobiology and regulatory physiology, this volume: Provides updated research using human and animal models for the control of bodily fluids, thirst, and salt appetite Explores neural and endocrine control of body fluid balance, arterial pressure, thermoregulation, and ingestive behavior Discusses recent developments in molecular genetics, cell biology, and behavioral plasticity Reviews key aspects of brain serotonin and steroid and peptide control of fluid consumption and arterial pressure The book highlights research conducted by leading scientists on signal transduction and sensory afferent mechanisms, molecular genetics, perinatal and adult long-term influences on regulation, central neural integrative circuitry, and autonomic/neuroendocrine effector systems. The findings discussed by the learned contributors are relevant for a basic understanding of disorders such as heat injury, hypertension, and excess salt intake. A unique reference on the neurobiology of body fluid homeostasis, this volume is certain to fuel additional research and stimulate further debate on the topic.

Muscarinic Receptors

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642232744
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Muscarinic Receptors by : Allison D. Fryer

Download or read book Muscarinic Receptors written by Allison D. Fryer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors have played a key role in the advancement of knowledge of pharmacology and neurotransmission since the inception of studies in these fields, and the effects of naturally occurring drugs acting on muscarinic receptors were known and exploited for both therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes for hundreds of years before the existence of the receptors themselves was recognized. This volume presents a broad yet detailed review of current knowledge of muscarinic receptors that will be valuable both to long-time muscarinic investigators and to those new to the field. It describes the detailed insights that have been obtained on the structure, function, and cell biology of muscarinic receptors. This volume also describes physiological analyses of muscarinic receptors and their roles in regulating the function of the brain and of a variety of peripheral tissues. This volume shows how the study of muscarinic receptors continues to provide new and surprising insights not just to the cholinergic system but to the broad areas of neurobiology, cell biology, pharmacology, and therapeutics.

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

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Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
ISBN 13 : 0987073052
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink

Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Research Grants Index

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Grants Index by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants

Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dissertation Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1018 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts by :

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

American Doctoral Dissertations

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cumulated Index Medicus

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 872 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Allergy and the Nervous System

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Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805599846
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Allergy and the Nervous System by : John Bienenstock

Download or read book Allergy and the Nervous System written by John Bienenstock and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, it has become increasingly clear that the immune and nervous systems communicate with each other in a bidirectional way. The role of chronic stress in allergic disease and inflammation has been confirmed and raises the important question of how psychosocial factors influence the outcome of allergic conditions. This book explains the roles of the autonomic, peripheral and central nervous systems in allergy and asthma. With contributions from leading authorities - both clinicians and basic researchers - it covers a wide range of topics from psychology over epigenetics to brain imaging. The 15 invited reviews discuss topics such as the role of stress in allergy and asthma, the concept of programming in utero and in childhood and adulthood, the significance of neurotrophins, and the involvement of the nervous system in the lung in asthma and lung inflammation. The interactions between mast cells and the nervous system are examined as well as the role of the gut microbiome in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the stress response. Further chapters are devoted to neural and behavioral changes associated with food allergy, the role of the neuroendocrine system in the skin, and the way in which itch is processed by the brain. Unique in its field, this valuable volume is recommended reading not only for allergologists, psychologists specializing in allergy and somatic manifestations, respirologists and asthma researchers, but for anyone interested in psychoneuroimmunology.

International Directory of Investigators in Psychopharmacology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis International Directory of Investigators in Psychopharmacology by :

Download or read book International Directory of Investigators in Psychopharmacology written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Bibliographic Guide to Neuroenzyme Literature

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Bibliographic Guide to Neuroenzyme Literature by : Dorothy Jared Hoijer

Download or read book A Bibliographic Guide to Neuroenzyme Literature written by Dorothy Jared Hoijer and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 7330 references to original articles, reviews, and symposium reports from world medical and scientific literature from 1955 through 1968. Entries arranged alphabetically by author under a classified scheme based on enzyme nomenclature recommended by the International Union of Biochemistry. Enzyme index, author index.

Psychopharmacology Bulletin

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychopharmacology Bulletin by :

Download or read book Psychopharmacology Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: