Chinas Second Capital Nanjing Under The Ming 1368 1644

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China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644

Author : Jun Fang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135008450
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644 by : Jun Fang

Download or read book China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644 written by Jun Fang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of the dual capital system of Ming dynasty China (1368-1644), with a focus on the administrative functions of the auxiliary Southern Capital, Nanjing. It argues that the immense geographical expanse of the Chinese empire and the poor communication infrastructure of pre-modern times necessitated the establishment of an additional capital administration for effective control of the Ming realm. The existence of the Southern Capital, which has been dismissed by scholars as redundant and insignificant, was, the author argues, justified by its ability to assist the primary Northern Capital better control the southern part of the imperial land. The practice of maintaining auxiliary capitals, where the bureaucratic structures of the primary capital were replicated in varying degrees, was a unique and valuable approach to effecting bureaucratic control over vast territory in pre-modern conditions. Nanjing translates into English as "Southern Capital" and Beijing as "Northern Capital".

China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644

Author : Jun Fang
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135008442
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644 by : Jun Fang

Download or read book China's Second Capital - Nanjing under the Ming, 1368-1644 written by Jun Fang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of the dual capital system of Ming dynasty China (1368-1644), with a focus on the administrative functions of the auxiliary Southern Capital, Nanjing. It argues that the immense geographical expanse of the Chinese empire and the poor communication infrastructure of pre-modern times necessitated the establishment of an additional capital administration for effective control of the Ming realm. The existence of the Southern Capital, which has been dismissed by scholars as redundant and insignificant, was, the author argues, justified by its ability to assist the primary Northern Capital better control the southern part of the imperial land. The practice of maintaining auxiliary capitals, where the bureaucratic structures of the primary capital were replicated in varying degrees, was a unique and valuable approach to effecting bureaucratic control over vast territory in pre-modern conditions. Nanjing translates into English as "Southern Capital" and Beijing as "Northern Capital".

A Phonological History of Chinese

Author : Zhongwei Shen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107135842
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis A Phonological History of Chinese by : Zhongwei Shen

Download or read book A Phonological History of Chinese written by Zhongwei Shen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-04 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop, comprehensive account of the key developments in the phonological history of Chinese.

Defining Yongle

Author : James C. Y. Watt
Publisher : Metropolitan Museum of Art
ISBN 13 : 1588391531
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Defining Yongle by : James C. Y. Watt

Download or read book Defining Yongle written by James C. Y. Watt and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2005 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ming China, 1368-1644

Author : John W. Dardess
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442204907
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Ming China, 1368-1644 by : John W. Dardess

Download or read book Ming China, 1368-1644 written by John W. Dardess and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging, deeply informed book provides the first concise history of one of China's most important eras. Leading scholar John W. Dardess offers a thematically organized political, social, and economic exploration of China from 1368 to 1644. He examines how the Ming dynasty was able to endure for 276 years, illuminating Ming foreign relations and border control, the lives and careers of its sixteen emperors, its system of governance and the kinds of people who served it, its great class of literati, and finally the mass outlawry that, in unhappy conjunction with the Manchu invasions from outside, ended the once-mighty dynasty in the mid-seventeenth century. The Ming witnessed the beginning of China's contact with the West, and its story will fascinate all readers interested in global as well as Asian history.

Ming China and its Allies

Author : David M. Robinson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108489222
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Ming China and its Allies by : David M. Robinson

Download or read book Ming China and its Allies written by David M. Robinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the Ming Dynasty's foreign relations with neighboring sovereigns, placing China in a wider global context.

East Asia in the World

Author : Stephan Haggard
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108479871
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis East Asia in the World by : Stephan Haggard

Download or read book East Asia in the World written by Stephan Haggard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible collection examines twelve historic events in the international relations of East Asia.

China and the Developing World

Author : Joshua Eisemann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317282930
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis China and the Developing World by : Joshua Eisemann

Download or read book China and the Developing World written by Joshua Eisemann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's relationship with the developing world is a fundamental part of its larger foreign policy strategy. Sweeping changes both within and outside of China and the transformation of geopolitics since the end of the cold war have prompted Beijing to reevaluate its strategies and objectives in regard to emerging nations.Featuring contributions by recognized experts, this is the first full-length treatment of China's relationship with the developing world in nearly two decades. Section one provides a general overview and framework of analysis for this important aspect of Chinese policy. The chapters in the second part of the book systematically examine China's relationships with Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Latin America, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. The book concludes with a look into the future of Chinese foreign policy.

Appearance Politics

Author : Lex Lu
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501777866
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Appearance Politics by : Lex Lu

Download or read book Appearance Politics written by Lex Lu and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2024-11-15 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lex Lu argues in Appearance Politics that crafting an appealing and powerful outward image has long been an essential political instrument in China. Its traces may be found in historical records, imperial portraits, physiognomic prognostications, photographs, posters, statues, and digital images. Employing rare archival materials from Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing, Lu tells the story of these political maneuverings. We learn the ways in which political actors and their agents designed their images, and we observe the shifting standards of male beauty that guided their decisions. Appearance Politics examines five case studies: the usurpation of Ming Prince Zhu Di; the rise of Manchu masculinity and its mixed standards of Han Chinese and Manchu beauty at the Yongzheng court; the use of modern photography and Western male beauty standards at the turn of the twentieth century; the making of the Republican founding father Sun Yat-sen; and the creation of visual templates of Mao Zedong. Lu's rich empirical study counters systematic stereotypical descriptions of Chinese male leadership embedded in Western media and scholarship.

Rethinking the Decline of China's Qing Dynasty

Author : Daniel McMahon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317650433
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking the Decline of China's Qing Dynasty by : Daniel McMahon

Download or read book Rethinking the Decline of China's Qing Dynasty written by Daniel McMahon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The many instances of regional insurgency and unrest that erupted on China’s borderlands at the turn of the nineteenth century are often regarded by scholars as evidence of government disability and the incipient decline of the imperial Qing dynasty. This book, based on extensive original research, argues that, on the contrary, the response of the imperial government went well beyond pacification and reconstruction, and demonstrates that the imperial political culture was dynamic, innovative and capable of confronting contemporary challenges. The author highlights in particular the Jiaqing Reforms of 1799, which enabled national reformist ideology, activist-oriented administrative education, the development of specialised frontier officials, comprehensive borderland rehabilitation, and the sharing of borderland administration best practice between different regions. Overall, the book shows that the Qing regime had sustained vigour, albeit in difficult and changing circumstances.

Chinese and Indian Warfare - From the Classical Age to 1870

Author : Kaushik Roy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317587103
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese and Indian Warfare - From the Classical Age to 1870 by : Kaushik Roy

Download or read book Chinese and Indian Warfare - From the Classical Age to 1870 written by Kaushik Roy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the differences and similarities between warfare in China and India before 1870, both conceptually and on the battlefield. By focusing on Chinese and Indian warfare, the book breaks the intellectual paradigm requiring non-Western histories and cultures to be compared to the West, and allows scholarship on two of the oldest civilizations to be brought together. An international group of scholars compare and contrast the modes and conceptions of warfare in China and India, providing important original contributions to the growing study of Asian military history.

Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500BCE to 1740CE

Author : Kaushik Roy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317586913
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500BCE to 1740CE by : Kaushik Roy

Download or read book Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500BCE to 1740CE written by Kaushik Roy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive survey of warfare in India up to the point where the British began to dominate the sub-continent. It discusses issues such as how far was the relatively bloodless nature of pre-British Indian warfare the product of stateless Indian society? How far did technology determine the dynamics of warfare in India? Did warfare in this period have a particular Indian nature and was it ritualistic? The book considers land warfare including sieges, naval warfare, the impact of horses, elephants and gunpowder, and the differences made by the arrival of Muslim rulers and by the influx of other foreign influences and techniques. The book concludes by arguing that the presence of standing professional armies supported by centralised bureaucratic states have been underemphasised in the history of India.

The Mughal Empire at War

Author : Andrew de la Garza
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131724530X
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mughal Empire at War by : Andrew de la Garza

Download or read book The Mughal Empire at War written by Andrew de la Garza and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mughal Empire was one of the great powers of the early modern era, ruling almost all of South Asia, a conquest state, dominated by its military elite. Many historians have viewed the Mughal Empire as relatively backward, the Emperor the head of a traditional warband from Central Asia, with tribalism and the traditions of the Islamic world to the fore, and the Empire not remotely comparable to the forward looking Western European states of the period, with their strong innovative armies implementing the “military revolution”. This book argues that, on the contrary, the military establishment built by the Emperor Babur and his successors was highly sophisticated, an effective combination of personnel, expertise, technology and tactics, drawing on precedents from Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia and India, and that the resulting combined arms system transformed the conduct of warfare in South Asia. The book traces the development of the Mughal Empire chronologically, examines weapons and technology, tactics and operations, organization, recruitment and training, and logistics and non-combat operations, and concludes by assessing the overall achievements of the Mughal Empire, comparing it to its Western counterparts, and analyzing the reasons for its decline.

The East Asian War, 1592-1598

Author : James B. Lewis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317662733
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis The East Asian War, 1592-1598 by : James B. Lewis

Download or read book The East Asian War, 1592-1598 written by James B. Lewis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As East Asia regains its historical position as a world centre, information on the history of regional relations becomes ever more critical. Astonishingly, Northeast Asia enjoyed five centuries of international peace from 1400 to 1894, broken only by one major international war – the invasion of Korea in the 1590s by Japan’s ruler Hideyoshi. This war involved Koreans, Japanese, Chinese, Southeast Asians, and Europeans; it saw the largest overseas landing in world history up to that time and devastated Korea. It also highlighted the nature of the strategic balance in the region, presenting China’s Ming dynasty with a serious threat that perhaps foreshadowed the dynasty’s subsequent overthrow by the Manchus, played a major part in the establishment of the Tokugawa regime with its policy of peace and controlled access to seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Japan, and demonstrated the importance for regional stability of the subtle relationship of Korea to both China and Japan. This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the war and its aftermath in all its aspects – military, political, social, economic, and cultural. As such it deepens understanding of East Asian international relations and provides important insights into the strategic concerns that continue to operate in the region at present.

The Eurasian Way of War

Author : David A. Graff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317237080
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eurasian Way of War by : David A. Graff

Download or read book The Eurasian Way of War written by David A. Graff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comparative study of military practice in Sui-Tang China and the Byzantine Empire between approximately 600 and 700 CE. It covers all aspects of the military art from weapons and battlefield tactics to logistics, campaign organization, military institutions, and the grand strategy of empire. Whilst not neglecting the many differences between the Chinese and Byzantines, this book highlights the striking similarities in their organizational structures, tactical deployments and above all their extremely cautious approach to warfare. It shows that, contrary to the conventional wisdom positing a straightforward Western way of war and an "Oriental" approach characterized by evasion and trickery, the specifics of Byzantine military practice in the seventh century differed very little from what was known in Tang China. It argues that these similarities cannot be explained by diffusion or shared cultural influences, which were limited, but instead by the need to deal with common problems and confront common enemies, in particular the nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppes. Overall, this book provides compelling evidence that pragmatic needs may have more influence than deep cultural imperatives in determining a society’s "way of war."

The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty

Author : Shih-shan Henry Tsai
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791426876
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty by : Shih-shan Henry Tsai

Download or read book The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty written by Shih-shan Henry Tsai and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first on Chinese eunuchs in English and presents a comprehensive picture of the role that they played in the Ming dynasty, 1368-1644. Extracted from a wide range of primary and secondary source material, the author provides significant and interesting information about court politics, espionage and internal security, military and foreign affairs, tax and tribute collection, the operation of imperial monopolies, judiciary review, the layout of the palace complex, the Grand Canal, and much more. The eunuchs are shown to be not just a minor adjunct to a government of civil servants and military officers, but a fully developed third branch of the Ming administration that participated in all of the most essential matters of the dynasty. The veil of condemnation and jealousy imposed on eunuchs by the compilers of official history is pulled away to reveal a richly textured tapestry. Eunuchs are portrayed in a balanced manner that gives due consideration to able and faithful service along with the inept, the lurid, and the iniquitous.

Encyclopedia of Chinese History

Author : Michael Dillon
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317817168
Total Pages : 872 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Chinese History by : Michael Dillon

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chinese History written by Michael Dillon and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has become accessible to the west in the last twenty years in a way that was not possible in the previous thirty. The number of westerners travelling to China to study, for business or for tourism has increased dramatically and there has been a corresponding increase in interest in Chinese culture, society and economy and increasing coverage of contemporary China in the media. Our understanding of China’s history has also been evolving. The study of history in the People’s Republic of China during the Mao Zedong period was strictly regulated and primary sources were rarely available to westerners or even to most Chinese historians. Now that the Chinese archives are open to researchers, there is a growing body of academic expertise on history in China that is open to western analysis and historical methods. This has in many ways changed the way that Chinese history, particularly the modern period, is viewed. The Encyclopedia of Chinese History covers the entire span of Chinese history from the period known primarily through archaeology to the present day. Treating Chinese history in the broadest sense, the Encyclopedia includes coverage of the frontier regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet that have played such an important role in the history of China Proper and will also include material on Taiwan, and on the Chinese diaspora. In A-Z format with entries written by experts in the field of Chinese Studies, the Encyclopedia will be an invaluable resource for students of Chinese history, politics and culture.