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Author : S. Hara
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Chemical durability of borosilicate glasses containing simulated high-level nuclear wastes (iii). written by S. Hara and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael T. Tierney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Chemical Durability of Borosilicate Simulated Nuclear Waste Glass written by Michael T. Tierney and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OPTIMIZATION OF HIGH-LEVEL WASTE LOADING IN A BOROSILICATE GLASS MATRIX BY USING CHEMICAL DURABILITY MODELING APPROACH. written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A laboratory scale study was carried out on a set of 6 borosilicate waste glasses made from simulated high-level nuclear waste. The test matrix was designed to explore the composition region suitable for the long-term geologic disposal of high-temperature-and high-waste-containing glasses. The glass compositions were selected to achieve maximum waste loading without a sacrifice in glass durability. The relationship between glass composition and chemical durability was examined. The qualitative effect of increasing B2O3 content on the overall waste glass leaching behavior has also been addressed. The glass composition matrix was designed by systematically varying the factors: %waste loading and (SiO2+Frit):B2O3 ratio, with (SiO2:Frit) ratio being held constant. In order to assess the chemical durability, the Product Consistency Test (ASTM C-1285) was performed. Under PCT protocol, crushed glass was allowed to react with ASTM type I water under static conditions. All leachate solutions were analyzed by the technique; Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). A statistical regression technique was utilized to model the normalized release of the major soluble elements, Na, Si, and B, as a function of the individual as well as interactive chemical effects (B2O3, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, SiO2, SrO, Na2O, B2O3*SiO2, B2O3*Al2O3, Fe2O3*Na2O, Al2O3*Na2O, and MnO*SiO2). Geochemical modeling was performed using the computer code EQ3/6 to: (1) determine the saturation states of the possible silicate minerals, a-cristobalite and chalcedony; and (2) predict the most stable mineral phase based on the mineral thermodynamic data. Mineral/water interactions were analyzed by representing the resultant glass data on a Na-Al-Si-O-H stability diagram.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Performing a Chemical Durability Test on Radioactive High-level Nuclear Waste Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Savannah River Site (SRS), currently is storing (approximately)30 million gallons of highly radioactive nuclear wastes. The Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) nearing completion at SRS will incorporate the radionuclides in these wastes into solid borosilicate glass for final disposal in a geologic repository. Because of the variability of the wastes in the tanks, borosilicate glasses of different compositions will be produced by the DWPF during the 20--25 years required to solidify all the wastes at SRS. A chemical durability test, the Product Consistency Test (PCT), has been developed at SRS to measure the consistency of the durability of these glasses. This paper describes the remote and hands-on procedures for performing the PCT on these radioactive glasses. Results will be presented that indicate the good precision of the PCT and indicate some of the chemistry involved in leaching radioactive elements from the glass. 9 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.
Author : Javeed Mohammad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (53 download)
Download or read book Optimization of High-level Waste Loading in a Borosilicate Glass Matrix by Using Chemical Durability Modeling Approach written by Javeed Mohammad and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A laboratory scale study was carried out on a set of 6 borosilicate waste glasses made from simulated high-level nuclear waste. The test matrix was designed to explore the composition region suitable for the long-term geologic disposal of high-temperature-and high-waste-containing glasses. The glass compositions were selected to achieve maximum waste loading without a sacrifice in glass durability. The relationship between glass composition and chemical durability was examined. The qualitative effect of increasing B2O3 content on the overall waste glass leaching behavior has also been addressed. The glass composition matrix was designed by systematically varying the factors: %waste loading and (SiO2+Frit):B2O3 ratio, with (SiO2:Frit) ratio being held constant. In order to assess the chemical durability, the Product Consistency Test (ASTM C-1285) was performed. Under PCT protocol, crushed glass was allowed to react with ASTM type I water under static conditions. All leachate solutions were analyzed by the technique; Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). A statistical regression technique was utilized to model the normalized release of the major soluble elements, Na, Si, and B, as a function of the individual as well as interactive chemical effects (B2O3, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, SiO2, SrO, Na2O, B2O3*SiO2, B2O3*Al2O3, Fe2O3*Na2O, Al2O3*Na2O, and MnO*SiO2). Geochemical modeling was performed using the computer code EQ3/6 to: (1) determine the saturation states of the possible silicate minerals, a-cristobalite and chalcedony; and (2) predict the most stable mineral phase based on the mineral thermodynamic data. Mineral/water interactions were analyzed by representing the resultant glass data on a Na-Al-Si-O-H stability diagram.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Chemical Durability of Simulated Nuclear Glasses Containing Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical durability of simulated nuclear waste glasses having different water contents was studied. Results from the product consistency test (PCT) showed that glass dissolution increased with water content in the glass. This trend was not observed during MCC-1 testing. This difference was attributed to the differences in reactions between glass and water. In the PCT, the glass network dissolution controlled the elemental releases, and water in the glass accelerated the reaction rate. On the other hand, alkali ion exchange with hydronium played an important role in the MCC-1. For the latter, the amount of water introduced into a leached layer from ion-exchange was found to be much greater than that of initially incorporated water in the glass. Hence, the initial water content has no effect on glass dissolution as measured by the MCC-1 test.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Final Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For isolation of nuclear wastes through the vitrification process, waste slurry is mixed with borosilicate based glass and remelted at high temperature. During these processes, water can enter into the final waste glass. It is known that water in silica and silicate glasses changes various glass properties, such as chemical durability, viscosity and electrical conductivity. These properties are very important for processing and assuring the quality and safety controls of the waste glasses. The objective of this project was to investigate the effect of water in the simulated nuclear waste glasses on various glass properties, including chemical durability, glass transition temperature, liquidus temperature, viscosity and electrical conductivity. This report summarizes the results of this investigation conducted at Rensselaer during the past one year.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Glass as a Waste Form and Vitrification Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1997-03-02 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Irradiation Effects on Borosilicate Waste Glasses written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of alpha decay on five borosilicate glasses containing simulated nuclear high-level waste oxides were studied. Irradiations carried out at room temperature were achieved by incorporating 1 to 8 wt % 244Cm2O3 in the glasses. Density changes and stored-energy build-up saturated at doses less than 2 x 1021 alpha decays/kg. Damage manifested by stored energy was completely annealed at 633°K. Positive and negative density changes were observed which never exceeded 1%. Irradiation had very little effect on mechanical strength or on chemical durability as measured by aqueous leach rates. Also, no effects were observed on the microstructure for vitreous waste glasses, although radiation-induced microcracking could be achieved on specimens that had been devitrified prior to irradiation.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book High-level Nuclear Waste Borosilicate Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the imminent startup, in the United States, of facilities for vitrification of high-level nuclear waste, a document has been prepared that compiles the scientific basis for understanding the alteration of the waste glass products under the range of service conditions to which they may be exposed during storage, transportation, and eventual geologic disposal. A summary of selected parts of the content of this document is provided. Waste glass alterations in a geologic repository may include corrosion of the glass network due to groundwater and/or water vapor contact. Experimental testing results are described and interpreted in terms of the underlying chemical reactions and physical processes involved. The status of mechanistic modeling, which can be used for long-term predictions, is described and the remaining uncertainties associated with long-term simulations are summarized.
Download or read book Chemical Durability of Zinc Borosilicate Nuclear Waste Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical durability is of primary concern when evaluating the safety of waste glass. For this reason, testing the leachability of waste glasses is a fundamental part of their development and characterization. The leachability is also very much a function of glass composition as previously discussed. This discussion is limited to a representative waste glass composition, a high-zinc borosilicate formulation which has been studied in detail by Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. (GHT).
Author : Walter James Gray
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (254 download)
Download or read book Volatility of a Zinc Borosilicate Glass Containing Simulated High-level Radioactive Waste written by Walter James Gray and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rehab O. Abdel Rahman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118512006
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Cementitious Materials for Nuclear Waste Immobilization written by Rehab O. Abdel Rahman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cementitious materials are an essential part in any radioactive waste disposal facility. Conditioning processes such as cementation are used to convert waste into a stable solid form that is insoluble and will prevent dispersion to the surrounding environment. It is incredibly important to understand the long-term behavior of these materials. This book summarises approaches and current practices in use of cementitious materials for nuclear waste immobilisation. It gives a unique description of the most important aspects of cements as nuclear waste forms: starting with a description of wastes, analyzing the cementitious systems used for immobilization and describing the technologies used, and ending with analysis of cementitious waste forms and their long term behavior in an envisaged disposal environment. Extensive research has been devoted to study the feasibility of using cement or cement based materials in immobilizing and solidifying different radioactive wastes. However, these research results are scattered. This work provides the reader with both the science and technology of the immobilization process, and the cementitious materials used to immobilize nuclear waste. It summarizes current knowledge in the field, and highlights important areas that need more investigation. The chapters include: Introduction, Portland cement, Alternative cements, Cement characterization and testing, Radioactive waste cementation, Waste cementation technology, Cementitious wasteform durability and performance assessment.
Author : Zhihong Zhou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Chemical Durability of Simulated Nuclear Waste Glasses and Their Natural Analogues in Submarine Conditions written by Zhihong Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Festschrift zum 115-jährigen Bestehen mit Fahnweihe des MGV 1847 Asselheim an der Weinstraße written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pascal Richet
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118799399
Total Pages : 1568 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture Two Volume Set written by Pascal Richet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia begins with an introduction summarizing itsscope and content. Glassmaking; Structure of Glass, GlassPhysics,Transport Properties, Chemistry of Glass, Glass and Light,Inorganic Glass Families, Organic Glasses, Glass and theEnvironment, Historical and Economical Aspect of Glassmaking,History of Glass, Glass and Art, and outlinepossible newdevelopments and uses as presented by the best known people in thefield (C.A. Angell, for example). Sections and chapters arearranged in a logical order to ensure overall consistency and avoiduseless repetitions. All sections are introduced by a briefintroduction and attractive illustration. Newly investigatedtopics will be addresses, with the goal of ensuring that thisEncyclopedia remains a reference work for years to come.
Download or read book Chemical Durability of Glasses Containing Radioactive Fission Product Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements made to determine the chemical durability of glasses for disposal of radioactive waste are discussed. The term glass covers materials varying from true glass with only minute quantities of crystallites, such as insoluble RuO$sub 2$, to quasi glass-ceramics which are mostly crystalline. Chemical durability requirements and Soxhlet extractor leach tests are discussed. (LK).
