Changes In Costs On Spring Wheat Farms In The Northern Plains

Author : James Vermeer
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780260647245
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (472 download)

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Download or read book Changes in Costs on Spring Wheat Farms in the Northern Plains (Classic Reprint) written by James Vermeer and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Changes in Costs on Spring Wheat Farms in the Northern Plains It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between necessary and actual costs. Some cost items were incurred because farmers had adequate incomes and cost reduction was not as important as convenience, or some other con sideration. This report is based on actual costs as nearly as they could be determined. Several measures of costs were used. Among these are costs per unit of production on an average farm as a whole and costs per bushel of wheat. Both kinds of costs are measured in terms of combinations of prevailing and normal yields and prices. Costs of production on tenant-operated farms are compared with similar costs on owner-operated farms. Because operator and family labor and land normally are residual claimants to gross income, several levels of charges for these services have been used to reflect various assumptions regarding returns to them. Two groups of factors have had opposite effects on changes in costs on spring wheat farms since 1914-0. Continuously rising prices of goods and services used in production and the increasing proportion of these goods and services purchased from nonfarm sources have caused farm costs to rise at an accelerated rate. On the other hand, larger farms and increased efficiency in production through mechanization and other technological improvements have tended to hold down costs. The net effect has been an increase in costs per farm and in costs per unit of production. If allowance is made for the wide fluctuations in yields of crops caused by variations in weather, the increase in cost per unit of production has been less than the increase in prices paid. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.