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Challenges To Classical Logic
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Book Synopsis Problems and Theorems in Classical Set Theory by : Peter Komjath
Download or read book Problems and Theorems in Classical Set Theory written by Peter Komjath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a variety of problems from classical set theory and represents the first comprehensive collection of such problems. Many of these problems are also related to other fields of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, topology and real analysis. Rather than using drill exercises, most problems are challenging and require work, wit, and inspiration. They vary in difficulty, and are organized in such a way that earlier problems help in the solution of later ones. For many of the problems, the authors also trace the history of the problems and then provide proper reference at the end of the solution.
Book Synopsis Model-Theoretic Logics by : J. Barwise
Download or read book Model-Theoretic Logics written by J. Barwise and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together several directions of work in model theory between the late 1950s and early 1980s.
Download or read book Logical Pluralism written by JC Beall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consequence is at the heart of logic, and an account of consequence offers a vital tool in the evaluation of arguments. This text presents what the authors term as 'logical pluralism' arguing that the notion of logical consequence doesn't pin down one deductive consequence relation; it allows for many of them.
Book Synopsis Classical Logic and Its Rabbit-Holes by : Nelson P. Lande
Download or read book Classical Logic and Its Rabbit-Holes written by Nelson P. Lande and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many students ask, 'What is the point of learning formal logic?' This book gives them the answer. Using the methods of deductive logic, Nelson Lande introduces each new element in exquisite detail, as he takes students through example after example, proof after proof, explaining the thinking behind each concept. Shaded areas and appendices throughout the book provide explanations and justifications that go beyond the main text, challenging those students who wish to delve deeper, and giving instructors the option of confining their course to the basics, or expanding it, when they wish, to more rigorous levels. Lande encourages students to think for themselves, while at the same time providing them with the level of explanation they need to succeed. It is a rigorous approach presented in a style that is informal, engaging, and accessible. Students will come away with a solid understanding of formal logic and why it is not only important, but also interesting and sometimes even fun. It is a text that brings the human element back into the teaching of logic. --Hans Halvorson, Princeton University
Download or read book Proof and Falsity written by Nils Kürbis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that the meaning of negation, perhaps the most important logical constant, cannot be defined within the framework of the most comprehensive theory of proof-theoretic semantics, as formulated in the influential work of Michael Dummett and Dag Prawitz. Nils Kürbis examines three approaches that have attempted to solve the problem - defining negation in terms of metaphysical incompatibility; treating negation as an undefinable primitive; and defining negation in terms of a speech act of denial - and concludes that they cannot adequately do so. He argues that whereas proof-theoretic semantics usually only appeals to a notion of truth, it also needs to appeal to a notion of falsity, and proposes a system of natural deduction in which both are incorporated. Offering new perspectives on negation, denial and falsity, his book will be important for readers working on logic, metaphysics and the philosophy of language.
Book Synopsis Semantic Challenges to Realism by : Mark Quentin Gardiner
Download or read book Semantic Challenges to Realism written by Mark Quentin Gardiner and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although many philosophers espouse anti-realism, the only sustained arguments for the position are due to Michael Dummett and Hilary Putnam. Gardiner's unpretentious style and lucid organization make sense of Dummett's and Putnam's discourse.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Logics by : Susan Haack
Download or read book Philosophy of Logics written by Susan Haack and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1978-07-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic exposition of all the central topics in the philosophy of logic, Susan Haack's book has established an international reputation (translated into five languages) for its accessibility, clarity, conciseness, orderliness, and range as well as for its thorough scholarship and careful analyses. Haack discusses the scope and purpose of logic, validity, truth-functions, quantification and ontology, names, descriptions, truth, truth-bearers, the set-theoretical and semantic paradoxes, and modality. She also explores the motivations for a whole range of non-classical systems of logic, including many-valued logics, fuzzy logic, moddal and tense logics, and relevance logics. Persupposing only an elementary knowledge of formal logic, this book includes many useful summary tables and diagrams, as well as a helpful glossary of technical terms. Wide-ranging, informative, and eminently readable, this book has proven a valuable resource for generations of students and scholars in a variety of disciplines outside philosophy needing guidance on the philosophy of logic.
Book Synopsis Challenges for Action Theories by : Michael Thielscher
Download or read book Challenges for Action Theories written by Michael Thielscher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-29 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A logic-based approach to the design of computing systems would, undoubtedly, offer many advantages over the imperative paradigm most commonly applied so far for programming and hardware design and, consequently, logic, again and again, has been heralded as the basis for the next generation of computer systems. While logic and formal methods are indeed gaining ground in many areas of computer science and artificial intelligence the expected revolution has not yet happened. In this book the author offers a convincing solution to the ramification problem and qualification problem associated with the frame problem and thus contributes to a satisfactory solution of the core problem and related challenges. Thielscher bases his approach on the fluent calculus, a first-order Prolog-like formalism allowing for the description of actions and change.
Download or read book Susan Haack written by Cornelis De Waal and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2011-04-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book on Susan Haack's philosophy is a welcome achievement in a grand tradition, as in the series of volumes of 'The Library of Living Philosophers.' Here, too, the multifaceted contributions by a distinguished philosopher are analyzed in turn by nearly a score of feisty scholars, each of whom then is answered by Susan Haack's illuminating reply. Altogether, a feast.-GERALD HOLTON, Mallinckrodt Research Professor of Physics; Research Professor of History of Science, Harvard University; Author of Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought: Kepler to Einsteinand Science and Anti-ScienceAs is well known, Susan Haack combines the fullest technical professionalism in philosophy with a commitment to vigorous participation in debate on large public issues. Her special gift is her ability to bring the former to bear on the latter. This well-conceived collection brings out the force and energy of her thinking.-LORD ANTHONY QUINTON, Former President of Trinity College, Oxford; Former Chairman of the British Library Board and the author of HumeIn this critical appraisal of the work of philosopher Susan Haack, editor Cornelis de Waal has assembled sixteen original essays from outstanding international contributors together with responses from Haack on the points raised. The contributors address most of Haack's key publications, from her early writings on metaphysics to her most recent work in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of law. Topics include: the revisability of logic, the role of emotion in reasoning, scientific integrity, postmodernism and the law, the relation of science to religion, preferential hiring, multiple aspects of Haack's foundherentism, and her crossword analogy.The volume also includes an extensive interview with Haack, which traces the development of her thought, and a complete bibliography of her work.For anyone seeking a better understanding of the work of this important philosopher, this unique collection offers many invaluable insights.Cornelis de Waal (Indianapolis, IN) is associate editor at the Peirce Edition Project and associate professor of philosophy, both at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. He is the author of On Pragmatism, On Mead, and On Peirce in the Wadsworth Philosophers Series; the editor of American New Realism 1910-1920; and the assistant editor of Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition, Volume 6: 1886-1890.
Book Synopsis The Boundary Stones of Thought by : Ian Rumfitt
Download or read book The Boundary Stones of Thought written by Ian Rumfitt and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Boundary Stones of Thought seeks to defend classical logic from a number of attacks of a broadly anti-realist character. Ian Rumfitt is sympathetic to many of the premisses underlying these attacks. Indeed, he regards some of them as effective challenges to certain principles of classical semantics, notably the Principle of Bivalence. He argues, though, that they are ineffective against classical logic itself. The book starts by considering the general problem of how conflicts over logical laws may be rationally discussed and adjudicated. This leads to a consideration of the nature of logic: Rumfitt identifies the particular features that mark out logical consequence from other consequence relations, and he advances a new argument for the ancient thesis that there is a modal element in the notion of logical consequence. He develops a theory of that modal element in terms of perhaps incomplete possibilities, rather than fully determinate possible worlds. Some prima facie powerful arguments against the validity of certain classical logical laws are then analysed in the light of this account of logic. Throughout, care is taken to separate lines of anti-classical argument that, although distinct, are often run together or confused. The analysis yields, as by-products, semantic theories for a number of problematical areas of discourse. These areas include our talk about sub-atomic particles, about the infinite, about infinitesimals, about sets, and vague discourse. Rumfitt concludes by defending his stance of accepting classical logic while rejecting Bivalence, against Aristotle's argument that a classical logician is committed to Bivalence. The ultimate aim is to liberate classical logic from the dead hand of classical semantics.
Book Synopsis Reflections on the Liar by : Bradley Armour-Garb
Download or read book Reflections on the Liar written by Bradley Armour-Garb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there have been a number of books-both anthologies and monographs-that have focused on the Liar Paradox and, more generally, on the semantic paradoxes, either offering proposed treatments to those paradoxes or critically evaluating ones that occupy logical space. At the same time, there are a number of people who do great work in philosophy, who have various semantic, logical, metaphysical and/or epistemological commitments that suggest that they should say something about the Liar Paradox, yet who have said very little, if anything, about that paradox or about the extant projects involving it. The purpose of this volume is to afford those philosophers the opportunity to address what might be described as reflections on the Liar.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Language and the Challenge to Scientific Realism by : Christopher Norris
Download or read book Philosophy of Language and the Challenge to Scientific Realism written by Christopher Norris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Christopher Norris develops the case for scientific realism by tackling various adversary arguments from a range of anti-realist positions. Through a close critical reading he shows how they fail to make adequate sense on any rational, consistent, and scientifically-informed survey of the evidence. Along the way he incorporates a number of detailed case-studies from the history and philosophy of science. Norris devotes much of his discussion to some of the most prominent and widely influential source-texts of anti-realism. Also included are the sophisticated versions of verificationism developed - albeit in very different ways - by thinkers such as Michael Dummett and Bas van Fraassen. Central to Norris's argument is a prolonged engagement with the once highly influential but nowadays neglected work of Norwood Russell Hanson. This book will be welcomed especially by readers who possess some knowledge of the background debate and who wish to deepen and extend their understanding of these issues beyond an introductory level.
Book Synopsis A General Theory of Evidence and Proof by : Kevin M. Clermont
Download or read book A General Theory of Evidence and Proof written by Kevin M. Clermont and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Concise Introduction to Logic by : Craig DeLancey
Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Logic written by Craig DeLancey and published by Open SUNY Textbooks. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods by : Revantha Ramanayake
Download or read book Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods written by Revantha Ramanayake and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-15 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods, TABLEAUX 2023, held in Prague, Czech Republic, during September 18-21, 2023. The 20 full papers and 5 short papers included in this book together with 5 abstracts of invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. They present research on all aspects of the mechanization of reasoning with tableaux and related methods. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: tableau calculi; sequent calculi; theorem proving; non-wellfounded proofs; modal logics; linear logic and MV-algebras; separation logic; and first-order logics.
Book Synopsis Putting Logic in Its Place by : David Christensen
Download or read book Putting Logic in Its Place written by David Christensen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-04 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role, if any, does formal logic play in characterizing epistemically rational belief? Traditionally, belief is seen in a binary way - either one believes a proposition, or one doesn't. Given this picture, it is attractive to impose certain deductive constraints on rational belief: that one's beliefs be logically consistent, and that one believe the logical consequences of one's beliefs. A less popular picture sees belief as a graded phenomenon. This picture (explored more bydecision-theorists and philosophers of science thatn by mainstream epistemologists) invites the use of probabilistic coherence to constrain rational belief. But this latter project has often involved defining graded beliefs in terms of preferences, which may seem to change the subject away fromepistemic rationality.Putting Logic in its Place explores the relations between these two ways of seeing beliefs. It argues that the binary conception, although it fits nicely with much of our commonsense thought and talk about belief, cannot in the end support the traditional deductive constraints on rational belief. Binary beliefs that obeyed these constraints could not answer to anything like our intuitive notion of epistemic rationality, and would end up having to be divorced from central aspects of ourcognitive, practical, and emotional lives.But this does not mean that logic plays no role in rationality. Probabilistic coherence should be viewed as using standard logic to constrain rational graded belief. This probabilistic constraint helps explain the appeal of the traditional deductive constraints, and even underlies the force of rationally persuasive deductive arguments. Graded belief cannot be defined in terms of preferences. But probabilistic coherence may be defended without positing definitional connections between beliefsand preferences. Like the traditional deductive constraints, coherence is a logical ideal that humans cannot fully attain. Nevertheless, it furnishes a compelling way of understanding a key dimension of epistemic rationality.
Book Synopsis Games for Your Mind by : Jason Rosenhouse
Download or read book Games for Your Mind written by Jason Rosenhouse and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lively and engaging look at logic puzzles and their role in mathematics, philosophy, and recreation Logic puzzles were first introduced to the public by Lewis Carroll in the late nineteenth century and have been popular ever since. Games like Sudoku and Mastermind are fun and engrossing recreational activities, but they also share deep foundations in mathematical logic and are worthy of serious intellectual inquiry. Games for Your Mind explores the history and future of logic puzzles while enabling you to test your skill against a variety of puzzles yourself. In this informative and entertaining book, Jason Rosenhouse begins by introducing readers to logic and logic puzzles and goes on to reveal the rich history of these puzzles. He shows how Carroll's puzzles presented Aristotelian logic as a game for children, yet also informed his scholarly work on logic. He reveals how another pioneer of logic puzzles, Raymond Smullyan, drew on classic puzzles about liars and truthtellers to illustrate Kurt Gödel's theorems and illuminate profound questions in mathematical logic. Rosenhouse then presents a new vision for the future of logic puzzles based on nonclassical logic, which is used today in computer science and automated reasoning to manipulate large and sometimes contradictory sets of data. Featuring a wealth of sample puzzles ranging from simple to extremely challenging, this lively and engaging book brings together many of the most ingenious puzzles ever devised, including the "Hardest Logic Puzzle Ever," metapuzzles, paradoxes, and the logic puzzles in detective stories.
