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Download or read book CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs and Halons written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Protection of the Ozone Layer written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : UNEP/Earthprint
ISBN 13 : 9789280727708
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (277 download)
Download or read book Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer written by and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2006 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Measures to Protect the Ozone Layer written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rolf Müller (physicien.)
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849730024
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change written by Rolf Müller (physicien.) and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.
Author : Coopers & Lybrand Deloitte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book CFCs and Halons written by Coopers & Lybrand Deloitte and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the depiction of the ozone layer has been steadily growing since the 1970s, making the reduction of consumption and production of CFCs and halons an important and emotive issue. This report concentrates on three main areas; information on the levels of CFCs and halons in the UK, the most economic and technically efficient means of control, and the opportunities for recover, recycling and destruction.
Author : Larry Parker
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781590337929
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (379 download)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion written by Larry Parker and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For two decades, scientists have been warning that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons (bromine-containing fluorocarbons) may deplete the stratospheric ozone shield that screens out some of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays and thus regulates the amounts which reach the Earth's surface. CFCs have been used as refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents, and outside the United States, as aerosol propellants; Halons are used primarily as fire-fighting agents. Increased radiation could result in an increase in skin cancers, suppression of the human immune system, and decreased productivity of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, including some commercially important crops. This book deals with implementation, policy issues and phase out of methyl bromide. In September 1987, 47 countries (including the United States) agreed to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, which first required controls on the world's consumption of ozone depleting substances. Over 160 countries have signed on to the Protocol, whose phasedown schedule for developed countries was accelerated twice and completely phased out Halon production at the end of 1994 and CFC production at the end of 1995. The Protocol's coverage has also been extended to include hydrochlorofluorocarbons and other chlorine- and bromine-containing substances such as some solvents and methyl bromide, a widely used soil fumigant.
Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309043867
Total Pages : 945 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming continues to gain importance on the international agenda and calls for action are heightening. Yet, there is still controversy over what must be done and what is needed to proceed. Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming describes the information necessary to make decisions about global warming resulting from atmospheric releases of radiatively active trace gases. The conclusions and recommendations include some unexpected results. The distinguished authoring committee provides specific advice for U.S. policy and addresses the need for an international response to potential greenhouse warming. It offers a realistic view of gaps in the scientific understanding of greenhouse warming and how much effort and expense might be required to produce definitive answers. The book presents methods for assessing options to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, offset emissions, and assist humans and unmanaged systems of plants and animals to adjust to the consequences of global warming.
Author : Richard Elliot. BENEDICK
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674020758
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Ozone Diplomacy written by Richard Elliot. BENEDICK and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hailed in the Foreign Service Journal as a landmark book that should command the attention of every serious student of American diplomacy, international environmental issues, or the art of negotiation, and cited in Nature for its worthwhile insights on the harnessing of science and diplomacy, the first edition of Ozone Diplomacy offered an insider's view of the politics, economics, science, and diplomacy involved in creating the precedent-setting treaty to protect the Earth: the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer. The first edition ended with a discussion of the revisions to the protocol in 1990 and offered lessons for global diplomacy regarding the then just-maturing climate change issue. Now Richard Benedick--a principal architect and the chief U.S. negotiator of the historic treaty--expands the ozone story, bringing us to the eve of the tenth anniversary of the Montreal Protocol. He describes subsequent negotiations to deal with unexpected major scientific discoveries and important amendments adding new chemicals and accelerating the phaseout schedules. Implementing the revised treaty has forced the protocol's signatories to confront complex economic and political problems, including North-South financial and technology transfer issues, black markets for banned CFCs, revisionism, and industry's willingness and ability to develop new technologies and innovative substitutes. In his final chapter Benedick offers a new analysis applying the lessons of the ozone experience to ongoing climate change negotiations. Ozone Diplomacy has frequently been cited as the definitive book on the most successful environment treaty, and is essential reading for those concerned about the future of our planet.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 890 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Stratospheric Ozone Depletion written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Douglas Cogan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)
Download or read book Stones in a Glass House written by Douglas Cogan and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gerald R. North
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123822262
Total Pages : 2874 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences written by Gerald R. North and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-14 with total page 2874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Second Edition, Six Volume Set is an authoritative resource covering all aspects of atmospheric sciences, including both theory and applications. With more than 320 articles and 1,600 figures and photographs, this revised version of the award-winning first edition offers comprehensive coverage of this important field. The six volumes in this set contain broad-ranging articles on topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction. The Encyclopedia is an ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences. It is written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest information in the field. Covers all aspects of atmospheric sciences—including both theory and applications Presents more than 320 articles and more than 1,600 figures and photographs Broad-ranging articles include topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction An ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences
Author : Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080529070
Total Pages : 993 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere written by Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-11-17 with total page 993 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of one of the hottest areas of chemical research. The treatment of fundamental kinetics and photochemistry will be highly useful to chemistry students and their instructors at the graduate level, as well as postdoctoral fellows entering this new, exciting, and well-funded field with a Ph.D. in a related discipline (e.g., analytical, organic, or physical chemistry, chemical physics, etc.). Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere provides postgraduate researchers and teachers with a uniquely detailed, comprehensive, and authoritative resource. The text bridges the "gap" between the fundamental chemistry of the earth's atmosphere and "real world" examples of its application to the development of sound scientific risk assessments and associated risk management control strategies for both tropospheric and stratospheric pollutants. Serves as a graduate textbook and "must have" reference for all atmospheric scientists Provides more than 5000 references to the literature through the end of 1998 Presents tables of new actinic flux data for the troposphere and stratospher (0-40km) Summarizes kinetic and photochemical date for the troposphere and stratosphere Features problems at the end of most chapters to enhance the book's use in teaching Includes applications of the OZIPR box model with comprehensive chemistry for student use
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780851254777
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (547 download)
Download or read book CFCs and Buildings written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now generally accepted that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer and to global warming of the earth. In response, The Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was formulated by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to restrict the consumption of most of the CFCs and halons that have ozone depletion potentials (ODPs). This Digest describes how, in the short term, the use of CFCs in buildings can be minimised or eliminated by using alternative substances; it also considers the implications of using those alternatives.
Author : Elizabeth Cook
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Ozone Protection in the United States written by Elizabeth Cook and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report explores a profoundly important question: can we alter deeply embedded economic habits to forestall damaging Earth's atmosphere? Ten case studies involving public and private sector organizations document how and why many industries were able to develop CFC alternatives.
Author : Kenneth King
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821331330
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (313 download)
Download or read book Ozone Layer Protection written by Kenneth King and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates the frameworks established in various countries to finance the incremental costs of phasing out ozone-depleting substances. The Multilateral Fund and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) were established to assist developing countries in financing the incremental costs of phasing out ozone-depleting substances. Both the Fund and the GEF require a strategic framework for the activities they finance to demonstrate that overall phaseout of these substances will be accomplished. The framework, known as the "country program," establishes a national strategy and program of proposed activities. This paper describes the country programs in general and reviews the work and results of key analysts who carried out these programs in the former Czechoslovakia, Egypt, India, Jordan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, and Zimbabwe.
Author : Internal Revenue Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781304114273
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (142 download)
Download or read book Excise Tax - Ozone Depleting Chemicals written by Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 2013-06-07 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ozone Depleting Chemicals Defined - Ozone depleting chemicals include Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Halons. CFCs are versatile, and are used as refrigerants, cleaners, solvents, sterilants, and propellants in the manufacture of insulation, fast food cartons, and electronic items. They are organized compounds that are nontoxic, long-lived, and nonflammable. Halons are close cousins of CFCs that utilize bromine instead of chlorine in their chemical structure. Halons are used in fire extinguishers as they are safe, effective, and gentle to water sensitive materials. Ozone Depletion - The longevity and stability of CFCs allows them to persist in the atmosphere long enough to rise into the stratosphere 12 to 30 miles above the earth. In the stratosphere, they break down under solar radiation and release a free chlorine or bromine atom. The free atom joins with an ozone molecule, changes its structure, and destroys the ozone molecule. Effects of Ozone Depletion on Humans and on the Earth...
