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Catalytic Converter Study
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Book Synopsis Automobile Catalytic Converters by : Kathleen C. Taylor
Download or read book Automobile Catalytic Converters written by Kathleen C. Taylor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of catalytic converters for the purification of automotive exhaust gases is a relatively new technology which was brought into existence by social pressures for the preservation of acceptable environmental conditions. The majority of catalytic practitioners have been able to watch the growth of this technology from its inception to its current state of sophistication. Automotive catalytic converter technology is now in a mature state, and this chapter from Vol. 5 Catalysis: Science and Technology by Dr. K. C. Taylor provides a review which covers both the process chemistry and the most important converter design factors. Contents 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Emission Regulations in the United States. 3. Exhaust Emission Characteristics. . 3 4. 1981 Emission Control Technology. 5 A. Converters. . . 5 B. Control System. 7 8 ~. Catalyst Screening . 6. Laboratory Testing. .10 7. The Chemical Reactions 13 8. Composition of Three-Way Catalysts. 16 A. Rhodium 17 21 B. Platinum. C. Palladium 22 D. Iridium . 22 23 E. Ruthenium and Nickel. F. Cerium Oxide ..... 23 G. Search for Alternatives to Nohle Metals 24 9. Catalyst Supports . 25 A. Pellets .... 26 B. Monoliths . . 26 10. The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts 27 II. Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts. 35 A. Thermal Effects. . . . 35 B. Phosphorus Poisoning. . . 37 C. Lead Poisoning. . . . . . · 38 D. Catalyst Poisoning by Sulfur · 40 12. The 0.4 NO,; Research Objective. · 41 13. Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions.
Book Synopsis Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters by : M. Sideris
Download or read book Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters written by M. Sideris and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-06-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic evolution of catalytic converters in the last thirty years was a result of a need worldwide to reduce pollution created by the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Environmental concerns have led American, Japanese and European Union (EU) legislation to pose continuously stricter emission limits for petrol engines in the last decades. The catalytic converter has become the most important means of exhaust treatment to achieve the desired emission limits. The international legislation has also created a need for a regular assessment of the efficiency of the catalytic converter in order to detect a deterioration of its conversion efficiency as soon as this deterioration takes place. The assessment of conversion efficiency of a catalytic converter can take place during normal driving of a vehicle (on-board diagnosis or OBD) or in a workshop by specialized technicians. The most important methods nowadays are the OBD methods. The evolution of methods concerned with OBD and non-OBD monitoring and diagnosing of efficiency of catalytic converters of internal combustion engines is described based on patents and published patent applications. Non-patent references are also used. The basic principles of modern catalytic converters are described in an extensive Introduction, where the importance of monitoring and diagnosing the efficiency of catalytic converters is demonstrated. The book is divided into four parts. The first part describes methods involving the use of oxygen or air/fuel exhaust gas sensors to determine the oxygen storage capacity of a catalytic converter. The second part describes methods involving the use of temperature sensors to determine the exothermic reaction capacity of a catalytic converter. The third part describes all other methods existing in patent literature that monitor and diagnose the efficiency of catalytic converters. The great majority of the methods of the third part involves exhaust gas concentration measurements. The fourth part comprises a general discussion of all methods described. In the beginning of each part, a short introduction is given to explain the problem that the methods attempt to solve. The methods in each part are presented in chronological order per patent applicant. This helps to evaluate how the patent applicant has improved his methods over time. A patent number index with information about the patent applicants, inventors, priorities and patent-families, an inventor index, a company index and a subject index can be found at the end of the book.
Download or read book Catalytic Converter Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalytic Air Pollution Control by : Ronald M. Heck
Download or read book Catalytic Air Pollution Control written by Ronald M. Heck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.
Book Synopsis Acceleration of the Transient Response of Automotive Catalytic Converters by : Anthony Montevirgen
Download or read book Acceleration of the Transient Response of Automotive Catalytic Converters written by Anthony Montevirgen and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Numerical Study of the Behavior of Three-way Catalytic Converters Under Different Engine Operation Conditions by : Yuetao Zhang
Download or read book Experimental and Numerical Study of the Behavior of Three-way Catalytic Converters Under Different Engine Operation Conditions written by Yuetao Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis reports the studies on how the three-way catalytic converters behave under different operation conditions. The main focus of the work is in the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalyst. Rich-to-lean air/fuel ratio step-change experiments were carried out to quantify the oxygen storage capacity. Results show that the amount of oxygen stored is dependent on how much oxygen is present in the exhaust. Thus the oxygen storage capacity is not a fixed value, rather it is determined by the equilibrium between the storage sites and the feed stream. A numerical model was developed to characterize the oxygen storage capacity. The model matches well with the experiments. The effects of catalyst age and fuel sulfur content on oxygen storage were measured. The results show that the aging effects and fuel sulfur effects are decoupled. The storage capacity decreases by 10% for every 150ppm increase in fuel sulfur, and it scales with (age−0̇84). Different modes of air/fuel ratio modulations were tested on the catalysts, since such modulation is the practice to keep conversion efficiency high and to increase robustness of the catalyst during transients.
Book Synopsis Consultant Report to the Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions, Commission on Sociotechnical Systems, National Research Council, on an Evaluation of Catalytic Converters for Control of Automobile Exhaust Pollutants by :
Download or read book Consultant Report to the Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions, Commission on Sociotechnical Systems, National Research Council, on an Evaluation of Catalytic Converters for Control of Automobile Exhaust Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of the Effects of an Oxidation Catalytic Converter and Emulsified Fuel on Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Emissions by : Girish Janakiraman
Download or read book Study of the Effects of an Oxidation Catalytic Converter and Emulsified Fuel on Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Emissions written by Girish Janakiraman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ICRRM 2019 – System Reliability, Quality Control, Safety, Maintenance and Management by : Vinit Kumar Gunjan
Download or read book ICRRM 2019 – System Reliability, Quality Control, Safety, Maintenance and Management written by Vinit Kumar Gunjan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Content of this proceedings discusses emerging trends in structural reliability, safety and disaster management, covering topics like total quality management, risk maintenance and design for reliability. Some papers also address chemical process reliability, reliability analysis and engineering applications in chemical process equipment systems and includes a chapter on reliability evaluation models of chemical systems. Accepted papers from 2019 International Conference on Reliability, Risk Maintenance and Engineering Management (ICRRM 2019) are part of this conference proceeding. It offers useful insights to road safety engineers, disaster management professionals involved in product design and probabilistic methods in manufacturing systems.
Book Synopsis Case Study of the Innovation Process Characterizing the Development of the Three-way Catalytic Converter System by : Daniel Dexter
Download or read book Case Study of the Innovation Process Characterizing the Development of the Three-way Catalytic Converter System written by Daniel Dexter and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalytic Converter Investigation by : California. Catalytic Converter Investigation Task Force
Download or read book Catalytic Converter Investigation written by California. Catalytic Converter Investigation Task Force and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalytic Converter Temperature Study by : California. Air Resources Board. Air Resources Laboratory
Download or read book Catalytic Converter Temperature Study written by California. Air Resources Board. Air Resources Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Smart Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development by : Mohan Lal Kolhe
Download or read book Smart Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development written by Mohan Lal Kolhe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Smart Technologies for Energy, Environment, and Sustainable Development (ICSTEESD 2018). The chapters are broadly divided into three focus areas, viz. energy, environment, and sustainable development, and discusses the relevance and applications of smart technologies in these fields. A wide variety of topics such as renewable energy, energy conservation and management, energy policy and planning, environmental management, marine environment, green building, smart cities, smart transportation are covered in this book. Researchers and professionals from varied engineering backgrounds contribute chapters with an aim to provide economically viable solutions to sustainable development challenges. The book will prove useful for academics, professionals, and policy makers interested in sustainable development.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines by : Eran Sher
Download or read book Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines written by Eran Sher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1998-03-20 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an important and valuable source for engineers and researchers in the area of internal combustion engines pollution control. It provides an excellent updated review of available knowledge in this field and furnishes essential and useful information on air pollution constituents, mechanisms of formation, control technologies, effects of engine design, effects of operation conditions, and effects of fuel formulation and additives. The text is rich in explanatory diagrams, figures and tables, and includes a considerable number of references. An important resource for engineers and researchers in the area of internal combustion engines and pollution control Presents and excellent updated review of the available knowledge in this area Written by 23 experts Provides over 700 references and more than 500 explanatory diagrams, figures and tables
Book Synopsis Advances in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering by : T. Rajmohan
Download or read book Advances in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering written by T. Rajmohan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-21 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises selected papers from the Fourth International Conference on Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (ICMME 2019). The contents focus on the latest developments in the synthesis and characterization of new materials, and highlights the challenges involved in the manufacturing and machinability of different materials. Advanced and cost-effective manufacturing processes and their applications are also discussed in the book. In addition, it covers topics like robotics, fluid dynamics, design and development, and different optimization techniques. The contents of this book will be beneficial to students, researchers, and industry professionals.
Book Synopsis Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control by : A. Crucq
Download or read book Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control written by A. Crucq and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1987-04-01 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In June 1984 the EEC Commission proposed new standards of permissible exhaust gas from motor vehicles to be introduced in Europe; these standards were approved by the Ministers of the Environment one year later. As the control of automotive pollution is at present mainly a catalytic problem, it was decided to hold an International Symposium on the subject, and an organizing committee composed of people engaged in catalytic research in the different Belgian Universities was constituted. This was the first Symposium of its kind to be held on an international level, and the quality and scientific interest of the papers presented was exceptional. It is planned to hold a follow-up Symposium in 2 to 3 years' time.The first part of the book is a general introduction to the problem of automotive pollution. The second, properly catalytic, part is devoted to fundamental and applied studies on pollution control, with emphasis on exhaust catalytic converters.
Book Synopsis Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis by : J.R. Jennings
Download or read book Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis written by J.R. Jennings and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of catalysis is found in many homogeneous and heterogeneous systems undergoing chemical change, where it effects the rates of approach to the equilibrium state in processes as diverse as those found in the stars, the earth's mantle, living organisms, and the various chemistries utilized by industry. The economies and the living standards of both developed and developing countries depend to varying degrees upon the efficacy of their chemical industries. Con sequently, this century has seen a wide exploration and expansion of catalytic chemistry together with an intensive investigation of specific, essential processes like those contributing to life-supporting agricultures. Prime among the latter must surely be the "fixation" of atmospheric nitrogen by catalytic hydrogenation to anhydrous ammonia, still the preferred synthetic precursor of the nitrogenous components of fertilizers. In each decade contemporary concepts and techniques have been used to further the understanding, as yet incomplete, of the catalyst, the adsorbates, the surface reactions, and the technology of large-scale operation. The contributors to the present volume review the state of the art, the science, and the technology; they reveal existing lacunae, and suggest ways forward. Around the turn of the century, Sabatier's school was extending the descriptive catalytic chemistry of hydrogenation by metals to include almost all types of multiple bond. The triple bond of dinitrogen, which continued to be more resistant than the somewhat similar bonds in carbon monoxide and ethyne, defied their efforts.
