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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (935 download)
Download or read book Catalyst Regeneration Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1984* with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H. Nagahara
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Catalyst Regeneration Method written by H. Nagahara and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Tojo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Method of Catalyst Regeneration written by M. Tojo and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Farid M. Gumerov
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781634843102
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (431 download)
Download or read book Regeneration of Spent Catalyst and Impregnation of Catalyst by Supercritical Fluid written by Farid M. Gumerov and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A catalyst is a material of constant composition, which accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction by providing a suitable reaction pathway with the lowest activation energy. As the activation energy is lower, more reaction products are formed in the same period of time. Most catalytic reactions encountered in hydrocarbon processing are carried out with porous catalysts to provide a sufficient surface area for the metal dispersion and the ensuing reaction. These catalysts gradually lose their catalytic activity, usually through structural changes, poisoning, or the deposit of extraneous material. A catalyst which can no longer exhibit the necessary activity and/or is specificity required by the user is referred to as a "spent catalyst". Catalysts are critical to the chemical industry and are now used in most industrial chemical processes. Along with the rapid development and wide application of catalysis technology, the amounts of different spent catalysts are increased from year to year. The physical properties of spent catalysts, as well as their composition, are generally different from those of fresh catalysts. For example, spent hydrotreating catalysts contain metal sulfides and coke, and may have additional contaminants that were not present in the fresh catalyst. Catalyst regeneration involves the processing of spent catalysts in order to make them reusable. This is done by restoring the initial properties of spent catalysts and thus restoring their efficiency through a process called regeneration of catalysts. Traditional methods of vapor-air regeneration are energy-consuming and severely limit the number of regeneration cycles. Using supercritical fluid CO2-extraction process, according to some estimates, provides a two-fold energy savings and an increasing number of regeneration cycles possible. This book gathers a series of studies describing new methods for the regeneration of heterogeneous catalysts for important industrial chemical processes. In this book we propose new extraction techniques using supercritical fluid extraction (SFC), which seems to be one of the most promising as a green reaction medium. The feasibility of using supercritical fluid ?2 extraction process was investigated in particular for spent catalyst regeneration. The low regeneration temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide eliminates the risk of thermal deterioration of the catalyst (namely the collapse of the pores), prevents the reduction of the surface area and the sintering, and allows regeneration of catalysts with an activity close to that of fresh catalysts. The results of the implementation of the supercritical fluid ?2 extraction process with respect to samples of industrial deactivated catalysts are provided. A comparison of the characteristics of the regenerated catalyst samples by traditional approaches and the SC-CO2 extraction process is carried out. The possibility of using a supercritical fluid CO2 impregnation technique in the synthesis of a palladium catalyst is also studied.
Author : M. Tojo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Catalyst Regeneration Process written by M. Tojo and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Luciana Lisi
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039215469
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)
Download or read book Catalysts Deactivation, Poisoning and Regeneration written by Luciana Lisi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalyst lifetime represents one of the most crucial economic aspects in industrial catalytic processes, due to costly shutdowns, catalyst replacements, and proper disposal of spent materials. Not surprisingly, there is considerable motivation to understand and treat catalyst deactivation, poisoning, and regeneration, which causes this research topic to continue to grow. The complexity of catalyst poisoning obviously increases along with the increasing use of biomass/waste-derived/residual feedstocks and with requirements for cleaner and novel sustainable processes. This book collects 15 research papers providing insights into several scientific and technical aspects of catalyst poisoning and deactivation, proposing more tolerant catalyst formulations, and exploring possible regeneration strategies.
Author : M. Guisnet
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1848166370
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Deactivation and Regeneration of Zeolite Catalysts written by M. Guisnet and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In chemical processes, the progressive deactivation of solid catalysts is a major economic concern and mastering their stability has become as essential as controlling their activity and selectivity. For these reasons, there is a strong motivation to understand the mechanisms leading to any loss in activity and/or selectivity and to find out the efficient preventive measures and regenerative solutions that open the way towards cheaper and cleaner processes. This book covers in a comprehensive way both the fundamental and applied aspects of solid catalyst deactivation and encompasses the state-of-the-art in the field of reactions catalyzed by zeolites. This particular choice is justified by the widespread use of molecular sieves in refining, petrochemicals and organic chemicals synthesis processes, by the large variety in the nature of their active sites (acid, base, acid-base, redox, bifunctional) and especially by their peculiar features, in terms of crystallinity, structural order and textural properties, which make them ideal models for heterogeneous catalysis. The aim of this book is to be a critical review in the field of zeolite deactivation and regeneration, by collecting a series of contributions by experts in the field which describe the factors, explain the techniques to study the causes and suggest methods to prevent (or limit) catalyst deactivation. At the same time, an anthology of commercial processes and exemplar cases provides the reader with theoretical insights and practical hints on the deactivation mechanisms and draws attention to the key role played by the loss of activity on process design and industrial practice.
Download or read book Catalyst Regeneration Process Including Metal Contaminants Removal written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spent catalysts removed from a catalytic hydrogenation process for hydrocarbon feedstocks, and containing undesired metals contaminants deposits, are regenerated. Following solvent washing to remove process oils, the catalyst is treated either with chemicals which form sulfate or oxysulfate compounds with the metals contaminants, or with acids which remove the metal contaminants, such as 5-50 W % sulfuric acid in aqueous solution and 0-10 W % ammonium ion solutions to substantially remove the metals deposits. The acid treating occurs within the temperature range of 60.degree.-250.degree. F. for 5-120 minutes at substantially atmospheric pressure. Carbon deposits are removed from the treated catalyst by carbon burnoff at 800.degree.-900.degree. F. temperature, using 1-6 V % oxygen in an inert gas mixture, after which the regenerated catalyst can be effectively reused in the catalytic process.
Author : Laurence Howard Hiltzik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (162 download)
Download or read book Characterization of a Catalyst Regeneration Process for Metals Fouled CoMo/Al2O3 Catalysts written by Laurence Howard Hiltzik and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Meena Marafi
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444638857
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts written by Meena Marafi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-01-18 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts, Second Edition, covers all aspects of spent hydroprocessing catalysts, both regenerable and non-regenerable. It contains detailed information on hazardous characteristics of spent and regenerated catalysts. The information forms a basis for determining processing options to make decisions on whether spent catalysts can be either reused on refinery site after regeneration or used as the source of new materials. For non-regenerable spent catalysts, attention is paid to safety and ecological implications of utilizing landfill and other waste handling and storage options to ensure environmental acceptance. As such, this handbook can be used as a benchmark document to develop threshold limits of regulated species. Includes experimental results and testing protocols which serve as a basis for the development of methodologies for the characterization of solid wastes Presents a database which assists researchers in selecting/designing research projects on spent catalysts, i.e., regeneration vs. rejuvenation and metal reclamation Provides the environmental laws, acts, and liabilities to raise awareness in safety and health issues in all aspects of spent catalysts Contains solid waste management procedures specific to hydroprocessing that serve as a model for designing research projects in other solid waste areas
Author : Annemie Bogaerts
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038977500
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Author : United States. Patent Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Method and Apparatus for the Regeneration of Catalyst in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process written by United States. Patent Office and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Meena Marafi
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444535578
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts written by Meena Marafi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-06-07 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook serves scientists and researchers interested in any aspect of spent hydroprocessing catalysts. Its aim is to assist in the analysis and assessment of refined catalyst byproducts and processing options, to determine whether spent catalysts can be processed into productive resources. For non-regenerable spent catalysts, the book takes into consideration both safety and ecological implications of utilizing landfill and other waste options. Provides comprehensive guidance and assistance to those making decisions on the fate of spent catalysts, radically improving strategic options for refining organisations Offers solutions that maximize procedural, regulatory, safety, and preparedness benefits Contains detailed information on hazardous characteristics of spent and regenerated catalysts with deployment recommendations, and acts as a benchmark document for establishing threshold limits of regulated species as well as for developing procedures for handling spent catalysts to ensure environmental acceptance
Author : H. Mori
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Method for Regenerating a Catalyst written by H. Mori and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : T. L. Krylova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book Method of Regeneration of an Aluminum Chloride-based Catalyst Complex written by T. L. Krylova and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process for the Regeneration of Metallic Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method for the regeneration of metallic hydrogenation catalysts from the class consisting of Ni, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt and Ru poisoned with sulfur, with or without accompanying carbon deposition, comprising subjecting the catalyst to exposure to oxygen gas in a concentration of about 1-10 ppm. intermixed with an inert gas of the group consisting of He, A, Xe, Kr, N.sub. 2 and air substantially free of oxygen to an extent such that the total oxygen molecule throughout is in the range of about 10 to 20 times that of the hydrogen sulfide molecular exposure producing the catalyst poisoning while maintaining the temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 500.degree. C.
Author : Guisnet Michel
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 1911299530
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Deactivation And Regeneration Of Zeolite Catalysts written by Guisnet Michel and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2011-02-21 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In chemical processes, the progressive deactivation of solid catalysts is a major economic concern and mastering their stability has become as essential as controlling their activity and selectivity. For these reasons, there is a strong motivation to understand the mechanisms leading to any loss in activity and/or selectivity and to find out the efficient preventive measures and regenerative solutions that open the way towards cheaper and cleaner processes. This book covers the fundamental and applied aspects of solid catalyst deactivation in a comprehensive way and encompasses the state of the art in the field of reactions catalyzed by zeolites. This particular choice is justified by the widespread use of molecular sieves in refining, petrochemicals and organic chemicals synthesis processes, by the large variety in the nature of their active sites (acid, base, acid-base, redox, bifunctional) and especially by their peculiar features, in terms of crystallinity, structural order and textural properties, which make them ideal models for heterogeneous catalysis. The aim of this book is to be a critical review in the field of zeolite deactivation and regeneration by collecting contributions from experts in the field which describe the factors, explain the techniques to study the causes and suggest methods to prevent (or limit) catalyst deactivation. At the same time, a selection of commercial processes and exemplar cases provides the reader with theoretical insights and practical hints on the deactivation mechanisms and draws attention to the key role played by the loss of activity on process design and industrial practice./a
