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Carnosine And Oxidative Stress In Cells And Tissues
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Book Synopsis Carnosine and Oxidative Stress in Cells and Tissues by : Alexander A. Boldyrev
Download or read book Carnosine and Oxidative Stress in Cells and Tissues written by Alexander A. Boldyrev and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of this new book is to summarise the knowledge on the metabolic transformation of carnosine in excitable tissues of animals and human beings and to analyse the nature of its biological activity. At the beginning of monograph, the short history of the problem is stated. Distribution of carnosine in tissues, its appearance in ontogeny of vertebrates and correlation between carnosine content and functional activity of tissues are discussed. Chemical properties of carnosine and its natural derivatives and their ability to bind heavy metals and protons in water solution are documented. Special attention is paid to free radical quenching ability and to anti-glycating action. Biological activity of carnosine and carnosine containing compounds was tested using biological models of several levels of complexity, starting from individual enzymes and acellular mixtures and finishing to living cells and survival animals. Effects of carnosine on the whole animals under ischemic, hypoxic and other extreme conditions are described. In conclusion, the ability of carnosine to protect brain and muscular tissues from oxidative injury during exhausting exercise, extreme loading or neurodegenerative diseases is demonstrated. Based on these properties, carnosine is postulated to be a potent protector of human beings from oxidative stress.
Download or read book Carnosine written by Dominic Wells and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carnosine (?-alanyl histidine) is a water-soluble dipeptide. It is mainly distributed in the skeletal muscles and in the brain. It is widely recognized that carnosine has various functions including maintenance of the acid-base balance, antioxidant, protective chelating, and anti-glycation activity. In this book, Chapter One aims to discuss the properties of carnosine and its role in the prevention/inhibition of the oxidation processes occurring in meat and meat products, which are associated with the deterioration of their quality characteristics. Chapter Two reviews the perspective role of carnosine in tumor-related phenomena. Chapter Three reviews the possible mechanisms of neuroprotective functions of carnosine, and discusses the development of drugs for neurodegenerative diseases from food-derived carnosine. Chapter Four studies the neurotropic and protective effects of L-carnosine. Chapter Five focuses on the protective effects of carnosine and its derivative trolox-carnosine against inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental arthritis, carrageenan induced hind paw edema, chondrocytes under H2O2 injury and degradation of hyaluronan.
Book Synopsis Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine by : Barry Halliwell
Download or read book Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine written by Barry Halliwell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine has become a classic text in the field of free radical and antioxidant research. Now in its fifth edition, the book has been comprehensively rewritten and updated whilst maintaining the clarity of its predecessors. Two new chapters discuss 'in vivo' and 'dietary' antioxidants, the first emphasising the role of peroxiredoxins and integrated defence mechanisms which allow useful roles for ROS, and the second containing new information on the role of fruits, vegetables, and vitamins in health and disease. This new edition also contains expanded coverage of the mechanisms of oxidative damage to lipids, DNA, and proteins (and the repair of such damage), and the roles played by reactive species in signal transduction, cell survival, death, human reproduction, defence mechanisms of animals and plants against pathogens, and other important biological events. The methodologies available to measure reactive species and oxidative damage (and their potential pitfalls) have been fully updated, as have the topics of phagocyte ROS production, NADPH oxidase enzymes, and toxicology. There is a detailed and critical evaluation of the role of free radicals and other reactive species in human diseases, especially cancer, cardiovascular, chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. New aspects of ageing are discussed in the context of the free radical theory of ageing. This book is recommended as a comprehensive introduction to the field for students, educators, clinicians, and researchers. It will also be an invaluable companion to all those interested in the role of free radicals in the life and biomedical sciences.
Book Synopsis Basic Health Publications User's Guide to Carnosine by : Marie Moneysmith
Download or read book Basic Health Publications User's Guide to Carnosine written by Marie Moneysmith and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2004-07 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carnosine, one of the most powerful antioxidant nutrients ever discovered, can rev up the immune system, fight inflammatory diseases, speed healing of wounds, and enhance recovery from surgery.............................
Book Synopsis Imidazole Dipeptides by : Victor R Preedy
Download or read book Imidazole Dipeptides written by Victor R Preedy and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carnosine and anserine are two common histidine-derived dipeptides, also known as imidazole dipeptides, found in muscle and brain tissues of animals. Their dietary and nutritional significance lies in their antioxidant properties and a number of investigators are looking at other health benefits of the compounds. This volume surveys the current state of play in these and other areas of interest, including chemistry and biochemistry, immunology and cellular homeostasis. Chapters look in depth at some of the functions and effects in the body particularly with regard to exercise and fatigue, wound healing, cancer treatment and age-related diseases. Providing an up to date, interdisciplinary approach, this book is of great interest to researchers and professionals in chemistry, food science, nutrition, biochemistry, health sciences and sports sciences.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Exercise by : C. Sen
Download or read book Handbook of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Exercise written by C. Sen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-16 with total page 1219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the science of exercise dates back to the time of ancient Greece. Today exercise is viewed not only as a leisurely activity but also as an effective preventive and therapeutic tool in medicine. Further biomedical studies in exercise physiology and biochemistry reports that strenuous physical exercise might cause oxidative lipid damage in various tissues. The generation of reactive oxygen species is elevated to a level that overwhelms the tissue antioxidant defense systems resulting in oxidative stress. The Handbook of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Exercise examines the different aspects of exercise-induced oxidative stress, its management, and how reactive oxygen may affect the functional capacity of various vital organs and tissues. It includes key related issues such as analytical methods, environmental factors, nutrition, aging, organ function and several pathophysiological processes. This timely publication will be of relevance to those in biomedical science and was designed to be readily understood by the general scientific audience.
Book Synopsis Inflammation and immunomodulation in veterinary medicine by : Patrizia Licata
Download or read book Inflammation and immunomodulation in veterinary medicine written by Patrizia Licata and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents by : George M. Kapalka
Download or read book Nutritional and Herbal Therapies for Children and Adolescents written by George M. Kapalka and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assists practicing mental health professionals in expanding their knowledge about nutritional and herbal interventions that can be attempted as alternatives to prescription medications. Designed to provide guidance for non-medical caregivers treating children and adolescents who present with emotional and/or behavioral difficulties such as such as depression, anxiety, ADHD, sleep difficulties, impulsivity, distractibility, and other psychological and psychiatric disorders, the volume provides a comprehensive discussion of naturopathic solutions based on existing research. In areas where research is not extensive, conclusions are provided about potentially beneficial effects based on the specific pharmacologic action of the compounds. Dosage for specific age groups, schedules of administration, dietary considerations (i.e., whether or not to take the supplement with food), monitoring for response and adverse effects, signs of dangerous reactions, and the need to control interactions with other compounds (i.e., prescription medications) are thoroughly reviewed with regard to each supplement discussed in the book. Reviews specific psychological disorders (i.e. ADHD, depression, mania, anxiety, sleep difficulties, tic behaviors and autism) and the available data about their treatment with the use of nutritional and herbal supplements Provides rationale for the use of every specific compound with detailed recommendations tailored for each age group with regard to the dosage, frequency of administration, possible dangers and monitoring for side effects Discusses claims of efficacy used to market various products and ground those claims within fully vetted scientific research Discusses neurobiology, pharmacodynamics and pharmokinetics in detailed but accessible language *Non-medical clinicians with limited knowledge of medicine and pharmacology come away with understanding of key issues involved in Fully covers assessment, diagnosis & treatment of children and adolescents, focusing on evidence-based practices *Consolidates broadly distributed literature into single source and specifically relates evidence-based tools to practical treatment, saving clinicians time in obtaining and translating information and improving the level of care they can provide Detailed how-to explanation of practical evidence-based treatment techniques *Gives reader firm grasp of how to more effectively treat patients Material related to diversity (including race, ethnicity, gender and social class) integrated into each chapter *Prepares readers for treating the wide range of youth they will encounter in practice
Book Synopsis Metabolic Syndrome and Psychiatric Illness: Interactions, Pathophysiology, Assessment and Treatment by : Scott D Mendelson
Download or read book Metabolic Syndrome and Psychiatric Illness: Interactions, Pathophysiology, Assessment and Treatment written by Scott D Mendelson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2007-12-19 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic syndrome is a set of risk factors that includes: abdominal obesity, a decreased ability to process glucose (insulin resistance), dyslipidemia (unhealthy lipid levels), and hypertension. Patients who have this syndrome have been shown to be at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and/or type 2 diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is a common condition that goes by many names (dysmetabolic syndrome, syndrome X, insulin resistance syndrome, obesity syndrome, and Reaven's syndrome). This is the first book to fully explain the relationships between psychiatric illness, Metabolic Syndrome, diet, sleep, exercise, medications, and lifestyle choices. Metabolic Syndrome is a major risk factor in Major Depression, Alzheimer's Disease, Sleep Disorders, Sexual Dysfunction, Fibromyalgia, and several other illnesses of psychiatric significance. Conversely, some psychiatric illnesses tend to predispose patients to Metabolic Syndrome. Of further interest is the fact that some of the medications used in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses have been found to cause or exacerbate Metabolic Syndrome. The author here provides basic information about what genetic predispositions, medical conditions, and lifestyle choices make Metabolic Syndrome more likely to occur. Among the contributing factors that are discussed are genetics, habitual intake of high glycemic index carbohydrates, fructose, saturated fats, trans fatty acids, vitamins, micronutrients, obesity, smoking, and lack of exercise. The author describes the actual mechanisms by which Metabolic Syndrome progresses and causes damage in the body, including the action of insulin and the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Details are provided on what occurs in the liver, pancreas, muscle, fat cells, and immune system as Metabolic Syndrome progresses. New findings are presented on fat cells, including the fact that they are beginning to be considered as endocrine cells. There is a substantive discussion of leptin, which is one of the important adipocytokines. Also carbohydrate, 'bad fats', inflammation, oxidative damage, over-stimulation of the 'fight or flight' system, and high levels of the stress hormone cortisol can actually cause the manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome. These explanations set the stage for an explanation of the inter-relationships between Metabolic Syndrome, psychiatric illness, dementia and effects of not only diet and life choices, but also the effects of psychiatric medications. Finally, there is an important and unique section on the relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and various psychiatric illnesses, and how they exacerbate each other. The significance of Metabolic Syndrome in Major Depression, Bipolar Affective Disorder, Schizophrenia, fibromyalgia and Polycystic Ovary Disease is vast and it is important to realise the effects of psychiatric medications on Metabolic Syndrome. The author discusses antidepressants, mood stabilizers and the new atypical antipsychotics. There are dramatic differences among medications in the way they affect Metabolic Syndrome and pharmaceutical companies will want to promote patient awareness with this book.
Author :W.Wolfgang Fleischhacker Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3709161371 Total Pages :168 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Stroke-Vascular Diseases by : W.Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Download or read book Stroke-Vascular Diseases written by W.Wolfgang Fleischhacker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes and peripheral vascular disease, is one of the major killers in the world. By 2020 WHO statistics indicate that it will be the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in both the industrialised world and the underdeveloped world. The disease develops slowly over many years in the innermost layer of large and medium-sized arteries (Fig. 1) (Scott, 1995; Ross, 1999; Naumova and Scott, 2000; Glass and Witztum, 2001; Libby, 2001). It does not usually become manifest before the fourth of fifth decade, but then often strikes with devas tating suddenness. Fifty per cent of individuals still die (25 per cent immedi ately) from their first heart attack; and morbidity from coronary heart disease and stroke is very significant. The disease has a profound impact on health care services and on industrial economies. The lesions of atherosclerosis Autopsy studies show that in humans atherosclerosis begins in the first and second decade of life. A similar disease can be produced in experimental animals, where diet and genetics can be manipulated to produce identical lesions. The earliest lesions are fatty streaks. These consist of an accumulation of lipid-engorged macrophages (foam cells) and T and B lymphocytes in the arterial intima. With time, the fatty streaks progress to intermediate lesions, composed of foam cells and smooth muscle cells.
Book Synopsis Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline by : Colin R Martin
Download or read book Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline written by Colin R Martin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 1246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline offers researchers and clinicians a single authoritative source which outlines the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes. In a cross-disciplinary field like dementia research and practice, clinicians and researchers need a comprehensive resource which will quickly help them identify a range of nutritional components and how they affect cognitive decline and the development of dementia. While the focus is on clinical applications, the book also features landmark and innovative preclinical studies that have served as the foundation of rigorous trials. Chapters explore the evidence of how nutritional components, either in the diet or supplements, can either impede the development to, or progression from, the onset of dementia. Authors investigate how conditions and processes overlap between defined conditions and present studies which show that dietary components may be equally effective in a number of conditions characterized by declining cognition or dementia. This book represents essential reading for researchers and practicing clinicians in nutrition, dietetics, geriatrics, nursing, neurology, and psychology, as well as researchers, such as neuroscientists, molecular and cellular biochemists, interested in dementia. http://www.acnr.co.uk/2015/07/diet-and-nutrition-in-dementia-and-cognitive-decline/ Explores the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes Focuses on both clinical nutrition applications and the innovative preclinical studies that serve as the foundation for rigorous trials Covers specific conditions and mechanisms in dementias, as well as general aspects, risk factors, lifestyle and guidelines for practitioners Organizes chapter content in terms of the molecular, mechanistic, epidemiologic, and practical, so that correlations can be observed across conditions
Book Synopsis Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress by : Sivakumar Joghi Thatha Gowder
Download or read book Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress written by Sivakumar Joghi Thatha Gowder and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a natural phenomenon for all living organisms in the world to undergo different kinds of stress during their life span. Stress has become a common problem for human beings in this materialistic world. In this period, a publication of any material on stress will be helpful for the human society. The book Basic Principles and Clinical Significance of Oxidative Stress targets all aspects of oxidative stress, including principles, mechanisms, and clinical significance. This book covers four sections: Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress, Natural Compounds as Antioxidants, Antioxidants - Health and Disease, and Oxidative Stress and Therapy. Each of these sections is interwoven with the theoretical aspects and experimental techniques of basic and clinical sciences. This book will be a significant source to scientists, physicians, healthcare professionals, and students who are interested in exploring the effect of stress on human life.
Book Synopsis Cosmetic Dermatology by : Zoe Diana Draelos
Download or read book Cosmetic Dermatology written by Zoe Diana Draelos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Back for a new edition, Zoe Draelos' outstanding resource to cosmetic dermatology again provides a highly-illustrated, clinical guide to the full range of cosmetic skin treatments. Bringing together experts from research, industry, surgery and practice, it is structured in four distinct parts for easy navigation by the busy clinician: Basic Concepts - giving an overview of the physiology pertinent to cosmetic dermatology and the delivery systems by which treatments can take effect; Hygiene Products - evaluating cleansing and moisturising products; Adornment - looking at aesthetic techniques such as cosmetics, nail protheses and hair treatment; Antiaging - ie, injectables, resurfacing and skin contouring techniques, and the rapidly growing area of Cosmeceuticals. With over 300 high-quality images and key summary boxes throughout, this new edition incorporates the newest procedural innovations in this rapidly developing field. Perfect for all dermatologists, especially those specialising in cosmetic dermatology and whether hospital-based or in private practice, it provides the complete cosmetic regimen for your patients and will be an indispensable tool to consult over and over again.
Download or read book Diabetes written by Victor R Preedy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Second Edition, builds on the success of the first edition, covering updated research on the science of oxidative stress in diabetes and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet and food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are not described in isolation, but rather in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is a single component of this. Since the publication of the first edition, the science of oxidative stress and free radical biology continues to rapidly advance with thousands of the research articles on the topic. New sections in this update cover the role of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in causing OS in diabetes, oxidative stress and diabetes-induced bone metabolism, and oxidative stress and diabetic foot ulcer. Saves clinicians and researchers time in quickly accessing the very latest details on a broad range of diabetes and oxidation issues Combines the science of oxidative stress and the putative therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet, its food matrix or plant Includes preclinical, clinical and population studies to help endocrinologists, diabetologists, nutritionists, dieticians and clinicians map out key areas for research and further clinical recommendations
Book Synopsis Aging and Age-Related Disorders by : Stephen Bondy
Download or read book Aging and Age-Related Disorders written by Stephen Bondy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Features that characterize the aging process include the gradual accumulation of cell damage after prolonged exposure to oxidative and inflammatory events over a lifetime. In addition to the accretion of lesions, the intrinsic levels of pro-oxidant and aberrant immune responses are elevated with age. These adverse events are often further enhanced by the chronic and slow progressing diseases that characterize the senescent brain and cardiovascular system. The incidence of some disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular diseases are sufficiently prevalent in the extreme elderly that these disorders can arguably be considered "normal". Aging and Aging-Related Disorders examines the interface between normal and pathological aging, and illustrates how this border can sometimes be diffuse. It explores and illustrates the processes underlying the means by which aging becomes increasingly associated with inappropriate levels of free radical activity and how this can serve as a platform for the progression of age-related diseases. The book provides chapters that examine the interactive relationship between systems in the body that can enhance or sometimes even limit cellular longevity. In addition, specific redox mechanisms in cells are discussed. Another important aspect for aging discussed here is the close relationship between the systems of the body and exposure to environmental influences of oxidative stress that can affect both cellular senescence and a cell’s nuclear DNA. What may be even more interesting to note is that these external stressors are not simply confined to illnesses usually associated with aging, but can be evident in maturing and young individuals. A broad range of internationally recognized experts have contributed to this book. Their aim is to successfully highlight emerging knowledge and therapy for the understanding of the basis and development of aging–related disorders.
Book Synopsis Skin Aging by : Barbara A. Gilchrest
Download or read book Skin Aging written by Barbara A. Gilchrest and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-20 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of skin aging is of growing importance to all working in the field of dermatology, aesthetic medicine and cosmetic medicine. Two internationally well-known and leading experts in the field present a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on all aspects of skin aging. With its clear, concise and reader-friendly format this book has all the potential to become the Bible of skin aging. Every specialist interested in dermatology, aesthetic medicine, cosmetic science, cutaneous biology and aging research will find indispensable information of great value for his or her daily work.
Book Synopsis Plant Antioxidants and Health by : Halina Maria Ekiert
Download or read book Plant Antioxidants and Health written by Halina Maria Ekiert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-06-26 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive reference guide to plant-derived antioxidants, their beneficial effects, mechanisms of action, and role in disease prevention and improving general health (anti-ageing effect). The content is divided into three main parts, the first of which covers various antioxidants (such as polyphenols, carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, glutathione, ascorbic acid), their origins, plant biochemistry and industrial utilization. In turn, the book’s second, main part focuses on antioxidants’ beneficial health effects, explains biochemical fundamentals such as the free radical theory and oxidative stress, and discusses antioxidants’ role in e.g. cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, degenerative diseases and ageing. The third part reviews general laboratory methods for antioxidant screening, preservation and determination. Written by an international team of experts, this highly interdisciplinary book will benefit a broad range of health professionals and researchers working in biochemistry, biotechnology, nutrition, plant science and food chemistry. It offers an indispensable, up-to-date guide for anyone interested in antioxidants and the role of a plant-based diet in disease prevention and control
