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Author : Mark Bryce Rayment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (66 download)
Download or read book Carbon and Water Fluxes in a Boreal Forest Ecosystem written by Mark Bryce Rayment and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Bryce Rayment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (66 download)
Download or read book Carbon and Water Fluxes in a Boreal Forest Ecosystem written by Mark Bryce Rayment and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pertti Hari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402087187
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Boreal Forest and Climate Change written by Pertti Hari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-24 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Forest Primary Production Research Group was born in the Department of S- viculture, University of Helsinki in the early 1970s. Intensive ?eld measurements of photosynthesis and growth of forest vegetation and use of dynamic models in the interpretation of the results were characteristic of the research in the group. Electric instrumentation was based on analogue techniques and the analysis of the obtained measurements was based on self-written programs. Joint research projects with the Research Group of Environmental Physics at the Department of Physics, lead by Taisto Raunemaa (1939–2006) started in the late 1970s. The two research groups shared the same quantitative methodology, which made the co-operation fruitful. Since 1980 until the collapse of the Soviet Union the Academy of Finland and the Soviet Academy of Sciences had a co-operation program which included our team. The research groups in Tartu, Estonia, lead by Juhan Ross (1925–2002) and in Petrozawodsk, lead by Leo Kaipiainen (1932–2004) were involved on the Soviet side. We had annual ?eld measuring campaigns in Finland and in Soviet Union and research seminars. The main emphasis was on developing forest growth models. The research of Chernobyl fallout started a new era in the co-operation between forest ecologists and physicists in Helsinki. The importance of material ?uxes was realized and introduced explicitly in the theoretical thinking and measurements.
Author : Riccardo Valentini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662051710
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Fluxes of Carbon, Water and Energy of European Forests written by Riccardo Valentini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After years of technological development and its important achievements to make our life easier and more comfortable, human society is going to face one of the most difficult challenges of the last century: to stabilize the concentra tion levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to prevent harmful effects on the climate system. Through a delicate balance between photosynthesis and respiration, terres trial ecosystems, and in particular forests, are today thought to take up a sig nificant part of the carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere, sometimes called the "terrestrial carbon sink". However, the location, magnitude, and vulnerability of the carbon dioxide sink of the terrestrial biota are still uncer tain. The suite of traditional tools in an ecologist's toolbox for studying ecosys tem productivity and carbon balance include leaf cuvettes, whole-plant and soil chambers for gas exchange, and biomass and soil carbon inventories. While each of the cited methods has distinct advantages, they are limited with regards to their ability to measure net carbon dioxide exchange of the whole ecosystem across a variety of time scales. This book present a compendium of results of a European project (EURO FLUX), funded by the European Commission through its fourth framework program, aiming to elucidate the role of forests in continental carbon balance.
Author : Achim Grelle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Long-term Water and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from a Boreal Forest written by Achim Grelle and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pertti Hari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400756038
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Physical and Physiological Forest Ecology written by Pertti Hari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-24 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a holistic synthesis of carbon and nitrogen fluxes in forest ecosystems from cell to stand level during the lifetime of trees. Establishing that metabolism and physical phenomena give rise to concentration, pressure and temperature differences that generate the material and energy fluxes between living organisms and their environment. The editors and authors utilize physiological, physical and anatomical background information to formulate theoretical ideas dealing with the effects of the environment and the state of enzymes, membrane pumps and pigments on metabolism. The emergent properties play an important role in the transitions from detailed to more aggregate levels in the ecosystem. Conservation of mass and energy allow the construction of dynamic models of carbon and nitrogen fluxes and pools at various levels in the hierarchy of forest ecosystems.
Author : Zhi Chen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811077037
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Spatial Patterns and Mechanisms for Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes in the Northern Hemisphere written by Zhi Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically illustrates the underlying mechanisms of spatial variation in ecosystem carbon fluxes. It presents the regulation of climate pattern, together with its impacts on ecosystem traits, which yields new insights into the terrestrial carbon cycle and offers a theoretic basis for large-scale carbon pattern assessment. By means of integrated analysis, the clear spatial pattern of carbon fluxes (including gross primary production, ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem production) along latitudes is clarified, from regions to the entire Northern Hemisphere. Temperature and precipitation patterns play a vital role in carbon spatial pattern formation, which strongly supports the application of the climate-driven theory to the Northern Hemisphere. With regard to the spatial pattern, the book demonstrates the covariation between production and respiration, offering new information to promote current respiration model development. Moreover, it reveals the high carbon uptake of subtropical forests across the East Asian monsoon region, which challenges the view that only mid- to high-latitude terrestrial ecosystems are principal carbon sink regions, and improves our understanding of carbon budgets and distribution.
Author : Xiaoming Kang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832547753
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Water and Carbon Dynamics, Ecosystem Stability of Forest and Grassland in Response to Climate Change written by Xiaoming Kang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest and grassland ecosystems are the most important carbon sinks in terrestrial ecosystems. They can maintain or enhance carbon stocks and sinks in biomass, and play vital roles in mitigating climate change. China is taking action to achieve its carbon peak and carbon-neutral targets. Climate change, particularly the increase in the frequency, severity, and extent of drought, will affect the stability of the forest and grassland. How forests and grassland mitigate and adapt to climate change is still a challenge. Exploring the response of the forest and grassland to extreme climate events contributes to improving vegetation quality and enhancing the ability to respond to climate change.
Author : Pavel Kabat
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642189482
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate written by Pavel Kabat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art overview of the influence of terrestrial vegetation and soils within the Earth system. The text deals especially with interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere via the hydrological cycle and their interlinkage with anthropogenic activities. Measurements gathered in integrated field experiments in the Sahel, the Amazon, North America and South-east Asia confirm the importance of these interactions. Observations are complemented by modelling studies, including regional models that simulate flows and transport in river catchments, coupled land-cover and regional climate systems, and Earth-system and global circulation models. Water, nutrient and sediment fluxes in river basins are also discussed and are shown to be highly impacted and regulated by humans through land use, pollution and river engineering. Finally, the book discusses environmental vulnerability and methodologies for assessing the risks associated with regional and global climatic and environmental variability and change. The results reported in this book are based on the research work of many individual scientists and teams around the world associated with the objectives of the IGBP-BAHC and WCRP-GEWEX international research programmes.
Author : Marc Aubinet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400723504
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Eddy Covariance written by Marc Aubinet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly practical handbook is an exhaustive treatment of eddy covariance measurement that will be of keen interest to scientists who are not necessarily specialists in micrometeorology. The chapters cover measuring fluxes using eddy covariance technique, from the tower installation and system dimensioning to data collection, correction and analysis. With a state-of-the-art perspective, the authors examine the latest techniques and address the most up-to-date methods for data processing and quality control. The chapters provide answers to data treatment problems including data filtering, footprint analysis, data gap filling, uncertainty evaluation, and flux separation, among others. The authors cover the application of measurement techniques in different ecosystems such as forest, crops, grassland, wetland, lakes and rivers, and urban areas, highlighting peculiarities, specific practices and methods to be considered. The book also covers what to do when you have all your data, summarizing the objectives of a database as well as using case studies of the CarboEurope and FLUXNET databases to demonstrate the way they should be maintained and managed. Policies for data use, exchange and publication are also discussed and proposed. This one compendium is a valuable source of information on eddy covariance measurement that allows readers to make rational and relevant choices in positioning, dimensioning, installing and maintaining an eddy covariance site; collecting, treating, correcting and analyzing eddy covariance data; and scaling up eddy flux measurements to annual scale and evaluating their uncertainty.
Author : Michael Bredemeier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048198348
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Forest Management and the Water Cycle written by Michael Bredemeier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-25 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The protective function of forests for water quality and water-related hazards, as well as adequate water supplies for forest ecosystems in Europe, are potentially at risk due to changing climate and changing land-management practices. Water budgets of forest ecosystems are heavily dependent on climate and forest structure. The latter is determined by the management measures applied in the forestry sector. Various developments of forest management strategies, imposed on a background of changing climate, are considered in assessing the overall future of forest–water interactions in Europe. Synthesizing recent research on the interactions of forest management and the water regime of forests in Europe and beyond, the book makes an important contribution to the ongoing dialogue between scientists dealing with different scales of forest-water interactions. This collaborative endeavour, which covers geographic and climatic gradients from Iceland to Israel and from southern Spain to Estonia and Finland, was made possible through the COST Action "Forest Management and the Water Cycle (FORMAN)", which was launched in 2007 (http://www.forestandwater.eu/). The book will be of particular interest to the research community involved in forest ecosystem research and forest hydrology, as well as landscape ecologists and hydrologists in general. It will also provide reference material for forest practitioners and planners in hydrology and land use.
Author : Asko Noormets
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441900268
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Phenology of Ecosystem Processes written by Asko Noormets and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrestrial carbon balance is uncertain at the regional and global scale. A significant source of variability in mid-latitude ecosystems is related to the timing and duration of phenological phases. Spring phenology, in particular, has disproportionate effects on the annual carbon balance. However, the traditional phenological indices that are based on leaf-out and flowering times of select indicator species are not universally amenable for predicting the temporal dynamics of ecosystem carbon and water exchange. Phenology of Ecosystem Processes evaluates current applications of traditional phenology in carbon and H2O cycle research, as well as the potential to identify phenological signals in ecosystem processes themselves. The book summarizes recent progress in the understanding of the seasonal dynamics of ecosystem carbon and H2O fluxes, the novel use of various methods (stable isotopes, time-series, forward and inverse modeling), and the implications for remote sensing and global carbon cycle modeling. Each chapter includes a literature review, in order to present the state-of-the-science in the field and enhance the book’s usability as an educational aid, as well as a case study to exemplify the use and applicability of various methods. Chapters that apply a specific methodology summarize the successes and challenges of particular methods for quantifying the seasonal changes in ecosystem carbon, water and energy fluxes. The book will benefit global change researchers, modelers, and advanced students.
Author : Kalev Ju00f5giste
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Forest Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes After Stand-Replacing Disturbance written by Kalev Ju00f5giste and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large area of Estonian hemiboreal forest is recovering from clear-cut harvesting and reflecting carbon (C) balance of the stand. Such a stand-replacing disturbance have considerable impact on forest ecosystems carbon dynamics, turning ecosystems from C-sinks into C-sources. Stands may require several years for recovery to C-sink status. For better understanding of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) we used eddy covariance (EC) method. EC technique gives opportunity to measure NEE in two different aged stands (6- and 8-year old stands), which are located in south-east Estonia, Europe. Studied stands which already were 6- and 8-years old, were acting as a light C-sinks. Mean summertime (June to September) measured NEE of both stands for 2014 was -1.536 u00b5mol m-2 s-1. In June, July, August and September NEE was -4.671, -2.254, -0.739 and -0.236 u00b5mol m-2 s-1, respectively. Measured mean CO2 concentration was 337.75 ppm and mean temperature was 15u00b0 C.Stands had similar patterns of carbon exchange and results showed clear correlation between C fluxes and ecosystem responses to environmental conditions. Weather conditions played a key role in the rapid rise in NEE results. NEE result was driven primarily by early-growing-season temperature and length. Meteorological data confirm ecosystem also depends on climate variability and water vapor.
Author : Reza Mahmoud Pejam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (181 download)
Download or read book Carbon and Water Exchanges Over a Boreal Mixed Forest Ecosystem in Canada written by Reza Mahmoud Pejam and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Takeshi Ohta
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981136317X
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Water-Carbon Dynamics in Eastern Siberia written by Takeshi Ohta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the water and carbon cycle system in the permafrost region of eastern Siberia, Providing vitalin sights into how climate change has affected the permafrost environment in recent decades. It analyzes the relationships between precipitation and evapotranspiration, gross primary production and runoff in the permafrost regions, which differ from those intropical and temperate forests. Eastern Siberia is located in the easternmost part of the Eurasian continent, and the land surface with underlying permafrost has developed over a period of seventy thousand years. The permafrost ecosystem has specific hydrological and meteorological characteristics in terms of the water and carbon dynamics, and the current global warming and resulting changes in the permafrost environment are serious issues in the high-latitude regions. The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and professionals interested in forest meteorology and hydrology, forest ecology, and boreal vegetation, as well as the impact of climate change and water-carbon cycles in permafrost and non-permafrost regions.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781724093899
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (938 download)
Download or read book Boreas Rss-8 Biome-Bgc Ssa Simulation of Annual Water and Carbon Fluxes written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The BOREAS RSS-8 team performed research to evaluate the effect of seasonal weather and landcover heterogeneity on boreal forest regional water and carbon fluxes using a process-level ecosystem model, BIOME-BGC, coupled with remote sensing-derived parameter maps of key state variables. This data set contains derived maps of landcover type and crown and stem biomass as model inputs to determine annual evapotranspiration, gross primary production, autotrophic respiration, and net primary productivity within the BOREAS SSA-MSA, at a 30-m spatial resolution. Model runs were conducted over a 3-year period from 1994-1996; images are provided for each of those years. The data are stored in binary image format. The data files are available on a CD-ROM (see document number 20010000884), or from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC). Hall, Forrest G. (Editor) and Nickeson, Jaime (Editor) and Kimball, John Goddard Space Flight Center NASA/TM-2000-209891/VOL55, Rept-2000-03136-0/VOL55, NAS 1.15:209891/VOL55
Author : P. A. Matson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444313819
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Biogenic Trace Gases written by P. A. Matson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-27 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace gases are those that are present in the atmosphere at relatively low concentrations. Small changes in their concentrations can have profound implications for major atmospheric fluxes, and thereore, can be used as indicators in studies of global change, global biogeochemical cycling and global warming. This new how-to guide will detail the concepts and techniques involved in the detection and measurement of trace gases, and the impact they have on ecological studies. Introductory chapters look at the role of trace gases in global cycles, while later chapters go on to consider techniques for the measurement of gases in various environments and at a range of scales. A how-to guide for measuring atmospheric trace gases. Techniques described are of value in addressing current concerns over global climate change.
