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Can A Combination Of Local Regional And National Information Substantially Increase Bicycle Helmet Wearing And Reduce Injuries
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Book Synopsis Can a Combination of Local, Regional and National Information Substantially Increase Bicycle-helmet Wearing and Reduce Injuries? by : Robert Eckman
Download or read book Can a Combination of Local, Regional and National Information Substantially Increase Bicycle-helmet Wearing and Reduce Injuries? written by Robert Eckman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Increased bicycle helmet use in Sweden: needs and possibilities by : Sixten Nolén
Download or read book Increased bicycle helmet use in Sweden: needs and possibilities written by Sixten Nolén and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-21 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: From the perspective of what is called "vision zero" in Sweden, fatalities and injuries among bicyclists are unacceptable. Despite that, bicyclists constitutes approximately one third of all road user inpatients in Swedish hospitals, which is about the same proportion seen for drivers and passengers of motor vehicles. There are too many bicycle-related head injuries, but the risk of such traumas could be reduced considerably by the use of helmets. Bicycle helmet wearing can be increased by voluntary means, for instance by long-term community-based helmet promotion programs. However, the best effect has been achieved by combining promotion with a compulsory helmet law for all bicyclists, as has been done in Australia, New Zealand, and North America Aim: The general aim of the research underlying this dissertation was to provide further information about the need for increased bicycle helmet use in Sweden, and to determine what measures can lead to more widespread helmet wearing. The four papers included addressed two main questions: (1) What is the need for increased helmet wearing among different categories of bicyclists in Sweden? (2) Is a non-compulsory local bicycle helmet law a realistic alternative to a mandatory helmet law for all bicyclists? Materials and methods: Observational studies of helmet use by bicyclists in Sweden were conducted once a year (average n = 37,031/year) during the period 1988-2002 (paper I). The general trend in observed helmet wearing in different categories of bicyclists was analyzed by linear regression, and the results were used to predict future trends in helmet wearing. Three studies (papers II-IV) were also performed to evaluate a non-compulsory local bicycle helmet "law" in Motala municipality during the study period 1995 to 1998 (papers II-IV). This law was introduced in 1996 and applies specifically to school children (ages 6-12 years), although the intention is to increase helmet use among all bicyclists. Adoption of the law was accompanied by helmet promotion activities. In one of the studies in the evaluation, written material and in-depth interviews (n=8) were analyzed qualitatively to describe the process and structure of development of the Motala helmet law. The other two studies used a quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of the helmet law: one comprised annual observations of helmet wearing among bicyclists in Motala (average n=2,458/year) and control areas (average n=17,818/year); and the other included questionnaire data on attitudes, beliefs, and self-reported behavior of school children in Motala (n=1,277) and control areas (n=2,198). The average response rate was 72.8%. Results and discussion: There was a significant upward trend in helmet use in all categories of bicyclists from 1988 to 2002. Helmet wearing increased from 20% to 35% among children(? 10 years) riding bikes in their leisure time, from 5% to 33% among school children, and from 2% to 14% in adults. Total average helmet use rose from 4% to 17%. However, during the last five years of the study period (1998-2002), there was no upward trend in helmet wearing for any of the categories of bicyclists. If the historic trend in helmet use continues, the average wearing rate will be about 30% by the year 2010. The Motala helmet law was dogged by several problems, mainly during the initiation phase, and some of them led to poor rooting of the law in the schools and indistinct roles and responsibilities of the municipal actors. Despite that, the law initially led to a significant increase in helmet wearing among the primary target group (school children), from a pre-law level of 65% to about 76% six months post-law, whereas thereafter the wearing rate gradually decreased and was at the pre-law level 2 ½ years after the law was adopted. Nonetheless, a weak but significant effect on adult bicyclists remained: the pre-law level of about 2% rose to about 8% at the end of the study period. Only about 10% of bicyclists on bike paths in Motala wore helmets 2 ½ years post-law. The questionnaire study showed one significant effect on school children in Motala two years post-law, namely, a stronger intention to ride bicycles if a national compulsory helmet law was introduced. There was, however, no significant long-term influence on children's attitudes or beliefs about helmet wearing, which agrees with the results of the observational study. General conclusions: It is indeed necessary to increase bicycle helmet wearing in Sweden. Both the current average rate of helmet use and the rate predicted for the near future are far from the goal of 80% that was officially proposed by several years ago. Previous research has shown that, to achieve substantial and sustained bicycle helmet use, it is necessary to use helmet promotion in combination with a national helmet law that is compulsory and applies to all bicyclists. The present evaluation of the non-compulsory local helmet law in Motala indicated that this type of initiative is not a powerful alternative to a mandatory national helmet law. Nevertheless, much has been learned from the initiation and implementation of this local action.
Book Synopsis Unintentional Injuries in Childhood by :
Download or read book Unintentional Injuries in Childhood written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2014 Part 1 by : R. Setchi
Download or read book Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2014 Part 1 written by R. Setchi and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Promotion International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Current Literature in Traffic and Transportation by :
Download or read book Current Literature in Traffic and Transportation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Helmets: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Helmets: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Helmets: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners has updated the evidence on risk factors and interventions for helmet use. The manual is aimed at policy-makers and road safety practitioners and draws on experience from countries that have succeeded in promoting helmet use. The effectiveness of helmets in reducing head injuries and preventing death has been established by several found by several studies. However, ensuring the use of helmets requires additional interventions. These include developing and passing a law for helmet use among PTW users, developing helmet standards suitable for all age groups and appropriate for the local weather, enforcement of the law by police, and education programmes to increase awareness of the law and benefits from its compliance.
Download or read book Bicycles written by Ronald Chow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helmet use can substantially reduce the risks associated with bicycle injuries, as these protective devices can prevent an array of serious facial injuries. A meta-analysis was carried out looking to summarize studies into the helmet use of adolescents and young adults, where the authors found a U-trend between age and helmet use, with the proportion of individuals regularly wearing a helmet declining first and then rising with reference to the progression of age. The increasing trend in young adults has been well-documented in the literature, but few studies have looked into helmet use among adolescents. In this book, produced in collaboration with the Bicycle Safety and Awareness Club in Ontario, Canada, the authors present survey studies conducted in independent schools in North America, looking into bicycle and helmet use of adolescents.
Download or read book Ride Like a Pro written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cycle Helmets written by Mayer Hillman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poročilo temelji na rezultatih raziskav, ki so jih v zvezi s kolesarskimi nesrečami, njihovimi posledicami za kolesarje (poškodbe glave) in uporabo kolesarskih čelad izvedli v raznih državah, predvsem v Veliki Britaniji, ZDA in Avstraliji. Vključuje tudi statistične analize o prometnih nesrečah s poškodbami glave med vsemi skupinami prometnih udeležencev. Sama uporaba kolesarskih čelad ne preprečuje prometnih nesreč in je pri zmanjševanju števila poškodb glave drugotnega pomena. Bistvenega pomena je ustvariti tako okolje, v katerem je manj verjetno, da do nesreče pride.
Download or read book Adolescence written by Ronald Chow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sport and recreation is a positive influence on the lives of children and youths. Bicycling is great for human health and getting/keeping in shape. It can be a part of physical activities or it can be a means of transportation. However, there are also risks, and bicycle accidents happen and can cause serious injury. Helmet use can substantially reduce the risks associated with bicycle injuries, as these protective devices can prevent an array of serious facial and cranial injuries. In this book, the authors present survey studies conducted in various settlements around the world, looking into the bicycle and helmet use of adolescents and young adults.
Book Synopsis Cost of Injury in the United States by : Dorothy P. Rice
Download or read book Cost of Injury in the United States written by Dorothy P. Rice and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cycle Helmet Effectiveness in New Zealand by : L. J. Povey
Download or read book Cycle Helmet Effectiveness in New Zealand written by L. J. Povey and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Do 'all-age' Bicycle Helmet Laws Work? by : Christopher Scott Carpenter
Download or read book Do 'all-age' Bicycle Helmet Laws Work? written by Christopher Scott Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-one states and the District of Columbia require youths to wear helmets when riding a bicycle, and there has been a push to extend such laws to adults. We provide new evidence on helmet laws by studying Canada using difference-in-differences models and restricted area-identified public health survey data with information on cycling and helmet use for nearly 800,000 individuals from 1994-2014. We first confirm prior patterns from the US that laws requiring youths to wear helmets significantly increased youth helmet use. We then provide the literature’s first comprehensive evidence that ‘all-age’ bicycle helmet laws significantly increased both adult and youth helmet use by 50 to 190 percent relative to pre-reform levels, with larger effects for younger adults, and less-educated adults. All-age helmet laws had modest effects at reducing cycling and increasing in-home exercise during winter months among adults but did not meaningfully affect weight. Finally, we find larger effects of helmet laws at increasing helmet use for adults with children in the household, consistent with role-modeling behavior. Overall our findings confirm that all-age helmet laws can be effective at increasing population helmet use without significant unintended adverse health consequences.
Book Synopsis Prevention, Policy, and Public Health by : Amy A. Eyler
Download or read book Prevention, Policy, and Public Health written by Amy A. Eyler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevention, Policy, and Public Health provides a basic foundation for students, professionals, and researchers to be more effective in the policy arena. It offers information on the dynamics of the policymaking process, theoretical frameworks, analysis, and policy applications. It also offers coverage of advocacy and communication, the two most integral aspects of shaping policies for public health.
Book Synopsis Sports-Related Concussions in Youth by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sports-Related Concussions in Youth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, few subjects at the intersection of medicine and sports have generated as much public interest as sports-related concussions - especially among youth. Despite growing awareness of sports-related concussions and campaigns to educate athletes, coaches, physicians, and parents of young athletes about concussion recognition and management, confusion and controversy persist in many areas. Currently, diagnosis is based primarily on the symptoms reported by the individual rather than on objective diagnostic markers, and there is little empirical evidence for the optimal degree and duration of physical rest needed to promote recovery or the best timing and approach for returning to full physical activity. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the Science, Changing the Culture reviews the science of sports-related concussions in youth from elementary school through young adulthood, as well as in military personnel and their dependents. This report recommends actions that can be taken by a range of audiences - including research funding agencies, legislatures, state and school superintendents and athletic directors, military organizations, and equipment manufacturers, as well as youth who participate in sports and their parents - to improve what is known about concussions and to reduce their occurrence. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth finds that while some studies provide useful information, much remains unknown about the extent of concussions in youth; how to diagnose, manage, and prevent concussions; and the short- and long-term consequences of concussions as well as repetitive head impacts that do not result in concussion symptoms. The culture of sports negatively influences athletes' self-reporting of concussion symptoms and their adherence to return-to-play guidance. Athletes, their teammates, and, in some cases, coaches and parents may not fully appreciate the health threats posed by concussions. Similarly, military recruits are immersed in a culture that includes devotion to duty and service before self, and the critical nature of concussions may often go unheeded. According to Sports-Related Concussions in Youth, if the youth sports community can adopt the belief that concussions are serious injuries and emphasize care for players with concussions until they are fully recovered, then the culture in which these athletes perform and compete will become much safer. Improving understanding of the extent, causes, effects, and prevention of sports-related concussions is vitally important for the health and well-being of youth athletes. The findings and recommendations in this report set a direction for research to reach this goal.