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Calculs De Structure Electronique Et Dynamique Des Porteurs Dans Les Nanostructures De Silicium
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Book Synopsis Calculs de structure électronique et dynamique des porteurs dans les nanostructures de silicium by : Evelyne Lampin
Download or read book Calculs de structure électronique et dynamique des porteurs dans les nanostructures de silicium written by Evelyne Lampin and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'etude theorique de cristallites de silicium de taille nanometrique est realisee dans le but d'expliquer certaines proprietes du silicium poreux. Pour cela, la structure electronique de ces cristallites est calculee par une technique de liaisons fortes. Les etats propres de l'hamiltonien a un electron sont alors utilises comme base pour determiner le spectre excitonique. La comparaison de l'energie de recombinaison d'un exciton et l'energie d'absorption dans le silicium poreux permet de conclure que la luminescence dans le rouge de ce materiau peut provenir du confinement quantique des porteurs. Cette luminescence est plus efficace que dans le silicium massif ou la bande interdite indirecte rend impossible la transition radiative sans l'aide des phonons. Le calcul de temps de recombinaison radiative montre que la transition est d'autant plus permise que la taille des cristallites est petite. La dependance en temperature du temps de recombinaison radiative d'un exciton est egalement etudiee et le modele d'un spectre excitonique a deux niveaux propose pour expliquer le comportement mesure est discute. Le calcul du temps caracteristique de la recombinaison non-radiative de trois porteurs par effet auger montre l'importance de ce processus tres rapide. L'etude d'un autre processus intervenant dans le temps de vie de la luminescence, la transition d'un porteur vers la cristallite voisine, par effet tunnel assiste par phonons a travers un pont en silicium, est egalement realisee. Ces derniers calculs sont utilises pour etudier le transport par sauts entre les cristallites. Une methode de calcul empruntee aux etudes menees sur le transport par impuretes montre que l'hypothese envisagee est compatible avec des mesures de la conductivite du silicium poreux. L'importance de la notion de percolation pour le transport comme pour les proprietes optiques est deduite de cette etude.
Book Synopsis Théorie des nanostructures de silicium by : Christophe Delerue
Download or read book Théorie des nanostructures de silicium written by Christophe Delerue and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce manuscrit a pour objet de résumer les travaux théoriques sur les nanostructures de silicium qui sont maintenant fabriquées par différentes techniques. Nous discutons en particulier de l'origine physique de la forte luminescence visible du silicium poreux. Les propriétés électroniques, optiques, diélectriques et de transport électrique sont calculées principalement par une technique semi-empirique de liaisons fortes qui est particulièrement adaptée à l'étude de systèmes contenant plusieurs milliers d'atomes. Des approches "ab-initio" dans l'appproximation de la densité locale sont également décrites. Nous détaillons les effets du confinement quantique sur la structure électonique d'agrégats sphériques, de fils ou de couches nanométriques de silicium. La structure des états de l'exciton est calculée et comparée à l'expérience. La dynamique des porteurs excités est analysée à travers les processus radiatifs et non radiatifs. Le confinement quantique modifie profondément les propriétés diélectriques menant à une amplification des phénomènes de blocage de Coulomb. La conductivité électrique d'un réseau de nanocristaux de silicium est calculée directement à partir de la structure électronique. Nous montrons qu'un tel réseau simule parfaitement la conductivité du silicium poreux.
Book Synopsis ETUDE NUMERIQUE DE LA STRUCTURE ATOMIQUE ET ELECTRONIQUE DE QUELQUES JOINTS DE GRAINS DU SILICIUM by : MARC.. TORRENT
Download or read book ETUDE NUMERIQUE DE LA STRUCTURE ATOMIQUE ET ELECTRONIQUE DE QUELQUES JOINTS DE GRAINS DU SILICIUM written by MARC.. TORRENT and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CE TRAVAIL EST UNE CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE THEORIQUE DES DEFAUTS ETENDUS DANS LES MATERIAUX COVALENTS. L'ETUDE CONCERNE PARTICULIEREMENT LES JOINTS DE GRAINS DE FLEXION DU SILICIUM, CHOISI COMME MATERIAU MODELE. LE MODELE DE CALCUL FAIT APPEL A L'APPROXIMATION DES LIAISONS FORTES AUTOCOHERENTES. IL EST UTILISE DANS LE CADRE DE DEUX TECHNIQUES DE CALCULS : LA TECHNIQUE DE LA MATRICE DENSITE DONT LA CHARGE EST LINEAIRE AVEC LE NOMBRE D'ATOMES, LA TECHNIQUE DE DIAGONALISATION DU HAMILTONIEN DEVELOPPEE DANS LE RESEAU RECIPROQUE. DES PARAMETRES DU MODELE POUR UN CALCUL D'ENERGIE TOTALE ONT ETE AJUSTES DE MANIERE A REPRODUIRE LA STRUCTURE ELECTRONIQUE DU SILICIUM ET A ASSURER LA TRANSFERABILITE DE SES PROPRIETES CRISTALLINES ET MECANIQUES. UN NOUVEAU TYPE DE CONDITIONS AUX LIMITES EST PROPOSE ET VALIDE. L'USAGE DE CES CONDITIONS, ANTI-PERIODIQUES OU A LA MOBIUS, SPECIALEMENT ADAPTEES AUX JOINTS DE GRAINS, N'IMPLIQUE AUCUNE APPROXIMATION SUPPLEMENTAIRE ET PERMET D'ECONOMISER UN FACTEUR DEUX DANS LES CALCULS. AINSI ADAPTE, LE MODELE EST UTILISE POUR L'ETUDE DU JOINT SIGMA 25 001 (710). LES CALCULS MONTRENT LA POSSIBILITE POUR CE JOINT D'ADOPTER, POUR UN FAIBLE SURCOUT ENERGETIQUE, PLUSIEURS VARIANTS SUPERPOSES LE LONG DE SON AXE AVEC DES FAUTES DE RECOSTRUCTION STRUCTURELLES LOCALES GENERATRICES D'ETATS ELECTRONIQUES DANS LA BANDE INTERDITE. CECI CONFIRME LES OBSERVATIONS EXPERIMENTALES. UNE ETUDE ANALOGUE EST MENEE POUR LE JOINT SIGMA 13 001 (510). AFIN DE COMPARER L'ACITIVITE ELECTRIQUE STRUCTURALE DES JOINTS PRECITES A CELLE INDUITE PAR DES IMPURETES, DES PARAMETRES D'ENERGIE TOTALE POUR LA LIAISON SILICIUM-NICKEL SONT AJUSTES ET UTILISES DANS QUELQUES CALCULS PRELIMINAIRES. ENFIN, UNE ETUDE ENERGETIQUE DES DEUX VARIANTS DU JOINT SIGMA 11 011 (2-33) EST EFFECTUEE. LE RESULTAT EST CONTRAIRE A CELUI OBTENU JUSQU'ICI A L'AIDE DE DIVERS POTENTIELS PHENOMENOLOGIQUES.
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Book Synopsis Optical Properties Of Graphene by : Rolf Binder
Download or read book Optical Properties Of Graphene written by Rolf Binder and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview of the optical properties of graphene. During the past decade, graphene, the most ideal and thinnest of all two-dimensional materials, has become one of the most widely studied materials. Its unique properties hold great promise to revolutionize many electronic, optical and opto-electronic devices. The book contains an introductory tutorial and 13 chapters written by experts in areas ranging from fundamental quantum mechanical properties to opto-electronic device applications of graphene.
Book Synopsis X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications by : Jean Daillant
Download or read book X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications written by Jean Daillant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reflection of and neutrons from surfaces has existed as an x-rays exp- imental for almost it is in the last technique fifty Nevertheless, only years. decade that these methods have become as of enormously popular probes This the surfaces and interfaces. to be due to of several appears convergence of intense different circumstances. These include the more n- availability be measured orders tron and sources that can over (so reflectivity x-ray many of and the much weaker surface diffuse can now also be magnitude scattering of thin films and studied in some the detail); growing importance multil- basic the realization of the ers in both and technology research; important which in the of surfaces and and role roughness plays properties interfaces; the of statistical models to characterize the of finally development topology its and its characterization from on roughness, dependence growth processes The of and to surface scattering experiments. ability x-rays neutro4s study four five orders of in scale of surfaces over to magnitude length regardless their and also their to ability probe environment, temperature, pressure, etc. , makes these the choice for buried interfaces often probes preferred obtaining information about the microstructure of often in statistical a global surfaces, the local This is manner to complementary imaging microscopy techniques, of such studies in the literature witnessed the veritable by explosion published the last few Thus these lectures will useful for over a resource years.
Book Synopsis The Disappearing Computer by : Norbert Streitz
Download or read book The Disappearing Computer written by Norbert Streitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the computer, as we currently know it, will be replaced by a new generation of technologies, moving computing off the desktop and ultimately integrating it with real world objects and everyday environments. It provides a unique combination of concepts, methods and prototypes of ubiquitous and pervasive computing reflecting the current interest in smart environments and ambient intelligence.
Book Synopsis Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals by : Agnes Buka
Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Download or read book ZnO Thin Films written by Paolo Mele and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor with versatile applications such as optical devices in ultraviolet region, piezoelectric transducers, transparent electrode for solar cells and gas sensors. This book "ZnO Thin Films: Properties, Performance and Applications" gives a deep insight in the intriguing science of zinc oxide thin films. It is devoted to cover the most recent advances and reviews the state of the art of ZnO thin films applications involving energy harvesting, microelectronics, magnetic devices, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, optics, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, electrochemistry, temperature sensing. It serves as a fundamental information source on the techniques and methodologies involved in zinc oxide thin films growth, characterization, post-deposition plasma treatments and device processing. This book will be invaluable to the experts to consolidate their knowledge and provide insight and inspiration to beginners wishing to learn about zinc oxide thin films.
Book Synopsis Organic Solid-State Lasers by : Sébastien Forget
Download or read book Organic Solid-State Lasers written by Sébastien Forget and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Book Synopsis Modern Surface Organometallic Chemistry by : Jean-Marie Basset
Download or read book Modern Surface Organometallic Chemistry written by Jean-Marie Basset and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-10 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from the basics to recent applications, this monograph represents an advanced overview of the field. Edited by internationally acclaimed experts respected throughout the community, the book is clearly divided into sections on fundamental and applied surface organometallic chemistry. Backed by numerous examples from the recent literature, this is a key reference for all chemists.
Download or read book Biomimicry written by Janine M. Benyus and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Repackaged with a new afterword, this "valuable and entertaining" (New York Times Book Review) book explores how scientists are adapting nature's best ideas to solve tough 21st century problems. Biomimicry is rapidly transforming life on earth. Biomimics study nature's most successful ideas over the past 3.5 million years, and adapt them for human use. The results are revolutionizing how materials are invented and how we compute, heal ourselves, repair the environment, and feed the world. Janine Benyus takes readers into the lab and in the field with maverick thinkers as they: discover miracle drugs by watching what chimps eat when they're sick; learn how to create by watching spiders weave fibers; harness energy by examining how a leaf converts sunlight into fuel in trillionths of a second; and many more examples. Composed of stories of vision and invention, personalities and pipe dreams, Biomimicry is must reading for anyone interested in the shape of our future.
Book Synopsis Light, Water, Hydrogen by : CRAIG GRIMES
Download or read book Light, Water, Hydrogen written by CRAIG GRIMES and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the field of solar production of hydrogen by water photo-splitting (photoelectrolysis) using semiconductor photoanodes. The emphasis of the discussion is on the use of nanotechnology in the field. The theories behind photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical processes responsible for hydrogen production are given in detail. This provides a state-of-the-art review of the semiconductor materials and methods used for improving the efficiency of the processes. The book also gives an account of the techniques used for making the nanostructures.
Book Synopsis The Kyoto Protocol by : Sebastian Oberthür
Download or read book The Kyoto Protocol written by Sebastian Oberthür and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in December 1997 was a major achievement in the endeavour to tackle the problem of global climate change at the dawn of the 21st century. After many years of involvement in the negotiation process, the book's two internationally recognised authors now offer the international community a first hand and inside perspective of the debate on the Kyoto Protocol. The book provides a comprehensive scholarly analysis of the history and content of the Protocol itself as well as of the economic, political and legal implications of its implementation. It also presents a perspective for the further development of the climate regime. These important features make this book an indispensable working tool for policy makers, negotiators, academics and all those actively involved and interested in climate change issues in both the developed and developing world.
Book Synopsis Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials by : David Adler
Download or read book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials written by David Adler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute for Amorphous Studies was founded in 1982 as the international center for the investigation of amorphous mate rials. It has since played an important role in promoting the und er standing of disordered matter in general. An Institute lecture series on "Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials and Devices" was held during 1982-83 with distinguished speakers from universities and industry. These events were free and open to the public ,and were attended by many representatives of the scientific community. The lectures themselves were highly successful inasmuch as they provided not only formal instruction but also an opportunity for vigorous and stimulating debate. That last element could not be captured within the pages of a book I but the lectures concentrated on the latest advances in the field I which is why their essential contents are he re reproduced in collective form. Together they constitute an interdisciplinary status report of the field. The speakers brought many different viewpoints and a variety of back ground experiences io bear on the problems involved I but though language and conventions vary I the essential unity of the concerns is very clear I as indeed are the ultimate benefits of the many-sided approach.
Book Synopsis Laser: 50 Years Of Discoveries by : Fabien Bretenaker
Download or read book Laser: 50 Years Of Discoveries written by Fabien Bretenaker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides an overview of the principle and applications of lasers enriched with numerous illustrations.Being over fifty years old, lasers continue to amaze us. Their performance characteristics are constantly reaching new limits, and the scope of their applications continues to expand. Yet, it took years of effort by teams of physicists to transform the fundamental notions of Einstein into the first experimental beam of laser light. And history is still going on as fundamental research is now triggered by its remarkable properties.This book addresses every aspects of laser light, from its fundamental principles to its industrial applications, at a level particularly suited for high school teachers, students, and anybody curious about science and technology.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Materials by : Jerome V. Moloney
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Jerome V. Moloney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-13 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical response of materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.
