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Author : Robert J. Frosch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781622600267
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Control and Repair of Bridge Deck Cracking written by Robert J. Frosch and published by . This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vidal Vélez Vargas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)
Download or read book Bridge Deck Cracking Investigation and Repair written by Vidal Vélez Vargas and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Amir Manafpour
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (943 download)
Download or read book Field Investigation And Statistical Modeling Of In-service Performance Of Concrete Bridge Decks In Pennsylvania written by Amir Manafpour and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The condition of the nation's aging infrastructure has been of the highest concern in recent decades. FHWA estimates that $20.5 billion will need to be invested annually in order to eliminate the United States' bridge deficient backlog by 2028. Bridge deck deterioration is one of the primary concerns and cost factors for transportation agencies. Pennsylvania has one of the highest percentages of structurally deficient and functionally obsolete bridges in the USA. This thesis is structured in two papers/studies related to the performance of concrete bridge decks in Pennsylvania.The first paper summarizes the results of expert survey and field investigations of early-age bridge deck cracking in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The goal was to use field data to identify factors that contribute to or reduce early-age cracking in concrete bridge decks and to assess the effect of cracks on long-term durability performance of bridge decks. First, a survey of 71 PennDOT personnel was conducted to collect and document their experience with early-age cracking and its relation to long-term deck performance. Next, inspection data from 203 bridge decks were collected and analyzed to evaluate the effect of concrete mixture proportions and properties, construction methods, and rebar type on the propensity to experience early-age deck cracking. The results suggest that limiting the total cementitious materials content (e.g., to 620 pcy) and the maximum compressive strength (e.g., to 5000 psi at 28 days) is advisable to reduce deck cracking. In addition, epoxy-coated rebar showed good corrosion resistance even in cracked concrete.The second paper focuses on evaluating the deterioration behavior of concrete bridge decks over time. Considering the stochastic nature of infrastructure deterioration, studies have found that time-based probabilistic models are the most accurate for performance prediction. In this paper, a semi-Markov time-based model based on Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) Weibull fitted-parameters is developed. For this purpose, approximately 30 years of in-service performance data for over 22,000 bridges in Pennsylvania were utilized. The proposed approach attempts to relate deck deterioration rates to various explanatory variables such as structural specifications and environmental factors. Furthermore, the effect of remediation on bridge deck deterioration and service life are also evaluated and quantified based on in-service performance data.
Author : D. Stephen Lane
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Investigation of Bridge Deck Cracking on I-95 Northbound Over Powell Creek written by D. Stephen Lane and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tony R. Schmitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks written by Tony R. Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The causes of cracking in bridge decks are investigated and procedures are recommended to alleviate the problem. Forty continuous steel girder bridges, thirty-seven composite and three noncomposite bridges are evaluated. Field surveys conducted to document cracking patterns and to determine the crack density of each bridge are described. Information collected from construction documents, field books, and weather data logs is presented and compared to the observed levels of cracking to identify correlations between cracking and the variables studied. Thirty-one variables are considered such as material properties, site conditions, construction procedures, design specifications, age of bridge and traffic volume. Based on the research reported herein, cracking in monolithic bridge decks increases with increasing values of concrete slump, percent volume of water and cement, water content, and compressive strength, and decreasing values of air content (especially below 6.0%). Bridge deck overlays placed with zero slump concrete consistently exhibit high levels of cracking. Cracking in overlays also increases as placement lengths increase. High maximum air temperatures and large changes in air temperature on the day of casting aggravate cracking in monolithic bridge decks. High average air temperatures and large changes in air temperature similarly aggravate cracking in bridge deck overlays. Both monolithic and two layer bridges with fixed-ended girders exhibit increased cracking near the abutments compared to those with pin-ended girders.
Author : H. G. Russell
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309070112
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Concrete Bridge Deck Performance written by H. G. Russell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Author : Sergio Gutierrez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124157160
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (571 download)
Download or read book Control and Repair of Bridge Deck Cracking written by Sergio Gutierrez and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Fouad Fanous
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Impact of Deck Cracking on Durability written by Fouad Fanous and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete bridge decks subjected to corrosive environment because of the application of de-icing chemical could deteriorate at a rapid rate. In an effort to minimize corrosion of the reinforcement and the corresponding delaminations and spalls, the Iowa Department of Transportation started using epoxy-coated rebars (ECR) in the top mat of reinforcing around 1976 and in both mats 10 years later. The overall objective of this research was to determine the impact of deck cracking on durability and estimate the remaining functional service life of a bridge deck. This was accomplished by conducting a literature review, visually inspecting several bridge decks, collecting and sampling test cores from cracked and uncracked areas of bridge decks, determining the extent to which epoxy-coated rebars deteriorate at the site of cracks, and evaluating the impact of cracking on service life.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Phase 1 Report on the Development of Predictive Model for Bridge Deck Cracking and Strength Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early-age cracking, typically caused by drying shrinkage (and often coupled with autogenous and thermal shrinkage), can have several detrimental effects on long-term behavior and durability. Cracking can also provide ingress of water that can drive chemical reactions, such as alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and sulfate attack. Because of the problems associated with cracking observed in bridge decks, and the impact of early-age cracking on long-term performance and durability, it is imperative that bridge decks be constructed with minimal early-age cracking and that exhibit satisfactory long-term performance and durability. To achieve these goals for bridges in the state of Texas, a research team has been assembled that possesses significant expertise and background in cement chemistry, concrete materials and durability, structural performance, computational mechanics (finite difference/element), bridge deck construction and maintenance, monitoring of in-site behavior of field structures, and the development of test methods and specifications aimed at practical implementation by state highway departments. This proposal describes a laboratory- and field-based research program aimed at developing a bridge deck cracking model that will ultimately be integrated into ConcreteWorks, a suite of software programs developed for TxDOT by this same research team.
Author : Hani H. Nassif
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (658 download)
Download or read book Bridge Deck Cracking and Composite Action Analyses written by Hani H. Nassif and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nabil F. Grace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (847 download)
Download or read book Investigating Causes and Determine Repair Needs to Mitigate Falling Concrete from Bridge Decks written by Nabil F. Grace and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study developed a procedure to identify concrete bridge decks that are exhibiting the characteristics associated with falling concrete. Field exploratory work on reinforced concrete bridge decks was supported by analytical and laboratory investigations. The field work included visual inspection, non-destructive tests, and sampling of full-depth cores and powder samples from the bottom of the bridge deck. Chief variables assessed were the chance of corrosion by the half-cell potential, chloride content at the location of the bottom reinforcement, and the concrete pH level. The chloride diffusivity was estimated from the chloride profile. The laboratory investigation was performed on bridge deck beams. The beams were constructed from concrete containing chloride levels known to cause corrosion as well as from a control concrete. Beams were subjected to freeze-thaw or saltwater followed by repeated loading to simulate field conditions. The following characteristics were quantified: chance of corrosion, corrosion rate, chloride content, flexural response as a function of environmental exposure and repeated loads, and ultimate strength. The size of the porous zone around the reinforcement was determined using an environmental scanning electron microscope. Finally, a strategy was developed to assess if a bridge deck exhibited the characteristics associated with falling concrete. The strategy included visual inspection of cracking and spalling, assessment of chance of corrosion, chloride content, and pH levels. If any of these measures exceed critical levels a service life calculation needs to be performed. Based on existing mathematical models, the time to corrosion initiation and time to corrosion cracking can be predicted. The resulting time is then compared to the age of the bridge. From this information proper planning for future repair needs can be made.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Bridge Deck Cracking Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transverse cracking of concrete bridge decks continues to be an issue for the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) and is considered a common issue reported among many state departments of transportation (DOTs). In the last 25 years with the introduction of high performance concrete (HPC) in bridge decks to lower permeability and with the use of finer ground cements (to increase early age strength gain and construction schedule), the susceptibility of bridge deck cracking has increased. Cracking commonly leads to a reduction in service life and increased maintenance costs, primarily due to accelerated corrosion of reinforcing steel in the deck. Identifying the causes of bridge deck cracking and providing prevention can be complex and challenging, but is very important for maintaining longevity of the bridge deck. To assist MDT with diagnosing and mitigating the causes of transverse cracking of bridge decks, WJE implemented a multi-disciplinary approach including a literature review, field inspections, bridge deck instrumentation, laboratory evaluations, and finite element modeling (FEM). From this research, WJE found the primary causes were related to non-uniform moisture gradients, drying shrinkage, and specific winter curing procedures. Based on these findings, WJE recommended improvements to mixture proportions, construction practices, and design considerations.
Author : Sean Lecoultre
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (569 download)
Download or read book Investigation Into the Causes of Concrete Bridge Deck Cracking written by Sean Lecoultre and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Saikrishna Ganapuram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Quantification of Cracks in Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by Saikrishna Ganapuram and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cracking in reinforced concrete bridge decks is a widespread concern in the United States. Many concrete bridge decks, regardless to the age of construction, have shown different levels and patterns of cracking. Not only does cracking of bridge decks weaken the bridge infrastructure, but also allows the inflow of corrosive agents into the reinforcement, regardless of the bridge design type, length of spans, deck thickness and concrete mixture designs. Increased cracking of concrete bridge decks all over the world poses a threat to life as well as prove extremely expensive for repair and maintenance. Thus, precautions must be taken in order to avoid and restrict bridge deck cracking, one of which is inspection of the bridge at regular intervals. The Ohio Department of Transportation's current procedure for bridge inspection offers only a qualitative assessment of the bridges inspected. In this study, a method was developed for the quantification of crack densities for twelve bridges in District 3. Two types of bridges were inspected: three structural slab bridge decks and nine stringer supported bridge decks. Crack densities for each bridge were determined based on crack maps corresponding to the surveys for each bridge deck. Results indicated that structural slab bridge decks have slightly higher shrinkage crack densities compared to the bridge decks constructed with stringer supports. However, the "structural" cracks seem to be wider than shrinkage cracks for structural slabs (greater than 0.007 inch). Particularly on bridge ASD-42-0656, which is a continuous slab bridge, there were several large "structural" cracks that were parallel to the pier beams supports. The shrinkage crack densities of the twelve bridge decks determined in this study were considerably lower than the crack densities of similar bridge decks located in other states, demonstrating that Ohio bridge decks in general have lower crack density than those in other states. The shrinkage crack densities of the bridges constructed with QC/QA type of concrete have lower values than the bridges made with other types of concrete. Also, the crack widths were determined at certain key locations and were compared with theoretical values. The measured crack widths are much larger compared to the corresponding theoretical crack widths. This is a reason for concern.
Author : Charles William Protasio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (158 download)
Download or read book Preliminary Investigation of the Systematic Approach to the Repair Versus Replacement Decision-Making Process for Deteriorated Concrete Bridge Decks written by Charles William Protasio and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete bridge deck deterioration, especially premature deterioration, is a major problem for the state transportation agencies throughout the United States. Moreover, this deck deterioration, which manifests itself in the form of cracking, scaling and spalling, accounts for a large portion of the number of the nation's structurally deficient bridges. In particular, the New England states have expressed concern over the dilemma of repair versus replacement strategies for those decks on the grey zone (deck condition code 4-6). Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to provide a preliminary investigation into the systematic approach to the repair versus replacement decision-making process for deteriorated concrete decks. For a large number of states, the existing decision-making process is characterized by a piecemeal synthesis oriented towards emphasizing the advantages of one repair or replacement alternative and underestimating its disadvantages. An actual cost-effective comparison of all possible alternatives is not routinely undertaken.
Author : Lowell B. Steere
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Bridge Deck Repair and Protective Systems written by Lowell B. Steere and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : G. P. Mallett
Publisher : Thomas Telford
ISBN 13 : 9780727720078
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Repair of Concrete Bridges written by G. P. Mallett and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1994 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a review of the repair, maintenance and protection of concrete bridges. This book summarizes information from conference papers, research and technical reports, and others. It aims to increase the expertise of structural engineers and safeguard the investment. It presents solutions to the problems and pitfalls that engineers encounter.
