Brain Organoids In Research And Therapy

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Brain Organoids in Research and Therapy

Author : Hans-Georg Dederer
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030976416
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Organoids in Research and Therapy by : Hans-Georg Dederer

Download or read book Brain Organoids in Research and Therapy written by Hans-Georg Dederer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-09 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume elucidates the pivotal ethical and legal issues arising from the use of brain organoids for research, therapeutic and enhancement purposes. The function of the human brain is still a mystery. Until recently, only post-mortem tissue was available for a structural examination of the brain. Consequently, the examination results could only reflect the state at the end of life. However, in order to better understand the development and function of the human brain, dynamic and functional investigations of different human brain cells are necessary. This is where brain organoids, artificially grown in vitro miniature brains, provide the opportunity for more flexible research scenarios. At the same time, however, the use of brain organoids in research and therapy raises the question of how these new entities are to be treated from an ethical and legal point of view. Against this background, this volume aims at clarifying the normative implications of the use of brain organoids in research and therapy. The ethical reflections on the status of brain organoids, informed consent, human-to-animal chimeras and neuro-enhancement are mirrored by corresponding legal analyses. The ethical and legal assessments are preceded by an introduction to the scientific and medical background of the brain organoid technology. A final chapter will be devoted to the issue of whether international harmonization of normative standards for brain organoid research and therapy is feasible and advisable.

Tumor Organoids

Author : Shay Soker
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 3319605119
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Tumor Organoids by : Shay Soker

Download or read book Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.

Organoid Technology for Disease Modelling and Personalized Treatment

Author : Badrul Hisham Yahaya
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030930564
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Organoid Technology for Disease Modelling and Personalized Treatment by : Badrul Hisham Yahaya

Download or read book Organoid Technology for Disease Modelling and Personalized Treatment written by Badrul Hisham Yahaya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organoid Technology for Disease Modelling and Personalised Treatment provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge of the organoid as a human-organ-in-a-dish, a powerful new technology for studying fundamental aspects of human organ development and disease progression in the search for drugs for personalised treatment. This preclinical tool is extensively being utilised as a model for studying human diseases in a dish, which is critical for accurate predictive modelling in precision medicine. The chapters in this book introduces readers to the numerous applications of organoids in various fields of study, as well as ethical considerations associated with organoids. In stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, where chimaera research, biomaterials for tissue vascularisation, gene-editing technologies, and their use in clinical procedures especially issues related to ethical concern over the use of human organoids have gotten much attention. Organoid Technology for Disease Modelling and Personalised Treatment is an excellent resource for in-depth research on one of the most interesting and significant topics in stem cell and regenerative medicine. This book's chapter collection covers a fresh viewpoint on organoid technology that scholars will require reading.

Human Neural Stem Cells

Author : Leonora Buzanska
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319934856
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Neural Stem Cells by : Leonora Buzanska

Download or read book Human Neural Stem Cells written by Leonora Buzanska and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes early pioneering achievements in the field of human neural stem cell (hNSC) research and combines them with the latest advances in stem cell technology, including reprogramming and gene editing. The powerful potential of hNSC to generate and repair the developing and adult CNS has been confirmed by numerous experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. The book presents methods for hNSC derivation and discusses the mechanisms underlying NSC in vitro fate decisions and their in vivo therapeutic mode of action. The long-standing dogma that the human central nervous system (CNS) lacks the ability to regenerate was refuted at the end of the 20th century, when evidence of the presence of neurogenic zones in the adult human brain was found. These neurogenic zones are home to human neural stem cells (hNSCs), which are capable of self-renewing and differentiating into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. NSCs isolated from human CNS have a number of clinical advantages, especially the innate potential to differentiate into functional neural cells. Nevertheless, their full clinical exploitation has been hindered by limited access to the tissue and low expansion potential. The search for an alternative to CNS sources of autologous, therapeutically competent hNSCs was the driving force for the many studies proving the in vitro plasticity of different somatic stem cells to generate NSCs and their functional progeny. Now the era of induced pluripotent stem cells has opened entirely new opportunities to achieve research and therapeutic goals with the aid of hNSCs.

Organoids and Mini-Organs

Author : Jamie A. Davies
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012812637X
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Organoids and Mini-Organs by : Jamie A. Davies

Download or read book Organoids and Mini-Organs written by Jamie A. Davies and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organs and Mini-Organs combines contributions from leading practitioners who work under the editorial control of an acclaimed researcher who also served for eight years as Editor-in-Chief of the journal Organogenesis, the first journal on this topic. The book begins with an introduction, but then delves into chapters that present advice on how to make organoids for many systems. In addition, case studies that illustrate the uses of organioids are presented, along with discussions on future directions and specific problems that need to be solved. - Collects the best protocols of organoid cultures from diverse tissues - Covers a wide range of organs - Includes troubleshooting cases for common, but specific problems for each culture conditions - Provides an entire section on the application of organoids

Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Author : Arlene Chiu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Embryonic Stem Cells by : Arlene Chiu

Download or read book Human Embryonic Stem Cells written by Arlene Chiu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-08 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of all the key issues in the use of human pluripotent stem cells for treating degenerative diseases or for replacing tissues lost from trauma. On the practical side, the topics range from the problems of deriving human embryonic stem cells and driving their differentiation along specific lineages, regulating their development into mature cells, and bringing stem cell therapy to clinical trials. Regulatory issues are addressed in discussions of the ethical debate surrounding the derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the current policies governing their use in the United States and abroad, including the rules and conditions regulating federal funding and questions of intellectual property.

Brain Organoid Research

Author : Jay Gopalakrishnan
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071627228
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Organoid Research by : Jay Gopalakrishnan

Download or read book Brain Organoid Research written by Jay Gopalakrishnan and published by Humana. This book was released on 2023-10-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores multiple methods and approaches used to generate human brain and neuroretinal organoids to address fundamental questions in human brain research. The chapters in this book cover topics such as self-organizing brain organoids with ventricles amenable to injection and electroporation; visualization of 3D organoids though the latest advancements in microscopy; generation of 3D retinal tissue with physiologically competent, light-sensitive photoreceptors; modeling brain tumors using genetically edited brain organoids; and brain organoids as a model to study Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Brain Organoid Research is a valuable resource for researchers at various levels of learning, ranging from undergraduate students, early researchers, and advanced laboratories. This book aims to be instrumental in moving this developing field forward.

Human Brain Organoids

Author : Insoo Hyun
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783031723704
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (237 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Brain Organoids by : Insoo Hyun

Download or read book Human Brain Organoids written by Insoo Hyun and published by Springer. This book was released on 2025-02-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain organoids are small stem cell-derived, self-organizing models of specific brain regions that offer researchers new ways to study the human brain. Since their scientific debut over ten years ago, brain organoids have been used to generate tractable new bioengineered tools for understanding functional interconnectivity of the human brain, dysfunction involved in many neurodegenerative diseases, and certain molecular mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite this field’s considerable scientific promise, advances in human brain organoid research also raise novel philosophical questions and ethical concerns around the use of complex human brain models and the ethical boundaries that should exist when manipulating increasingly realistic bioengineered brain constructs. As researchers generate more realistic organoids in vitro that resemble human brains, it is critically important to understand what ethical boundaries may exist and where researchers and regulators should draw the line for research, both to reduce uncertainties over which projects to pursue in the lab and to address future concerns regulators and the public may harbor about whether this research, if left unexamined, could inadvertently undermine public trust in science. This proposed book delves into ongoing and proactive ethical discussions among ethicists and the neuroscientists involved with this cutting-edge work. Its ultimate goal is to foster greater awareness, understanding, and guidance for future management of ethical issues that may be unique to new areas of brain organoid research. This volume is the result of a close partnership between ethicists and scientists, each informing the other through a collaborative process of joint bioethical deliberation.

Cognitive Impairment: Therapy Momentum in the Continuum of Life

Author : Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889665720
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Impairment: Therapy Momentum in the Continuum of Life by : Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli

Download or read book Cognitive Impairment: Therapy Momentum in the Continuum of Life written by Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology

Author : Hans-Georg Dederer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030171191
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology by : Hans-Georg Dederer

Download or read book Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology written by Hans-Georg Dederer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.

Bioethics and the Future of Stem Cell Research

Author : Insoo Hyun
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521768691
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioethics and the Future of Stem Cell Research by : Insoo Hyun

Download or read book Bioethics and the Future of Stem Cell Research written by Insoo Hyun and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-24 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a sophisticated yet accessible account of emerging trends in stem cell research and their accompanying ethical issues.

Chimera Research

Author : Insoo Hyun
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781493995264
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (952 download)

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Book Synopsis Chimera Research by : Insoo Hyun

Download or read book Chimera Research written by Insoo Hyun and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses challenging new questions surrounding stem cell-based chimera research. This book is organized into three parts: Part One provides readers with a summary of different human donor cell types. The chapters in this section discuss ways to evaluate new types of pluripotent stem cells; the derivation of naïve and primed pluripotent stem cells from mouse preimplantation embryos; and the ethical and regulatory complexities of informed consent for the procurement of somatic cells. Part Two discusses methods for generating chimeras. The chapters here look at chick models and human-chick organizer grafts; generating human-pig interspecies chimeras; and techniques for transplanting mouse neural stem cells into a mouse disease model for stroke. Part Three concludes the book with a look at ongoing ethical controversies and new scientific directions. Chapters in this part cover the ethics of crossing the xenobarrier; animal welfare; experimentation with spermatogonial stem cells; and cautious approaches to human-monkey chimera studies to further understand complex human brain disorders. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Chimera Research: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for scientists interesting in using chimeras as a research tool while also taking into consideration their complex ethical scopes.

The Philosophy of Animal Minds

Author : Robert W. Lurz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139481029
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Animal Minds by : Robert W. Lurz

Download or read book The Philosophy of Animal Minds written by Robert W. Lurz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of fourteen essays by leading philosophers on issues concerning the nature, existence, and our knowledge of animal minds. The nature of animal minds has been a topic of interest to philosophers since the origins of philosophy, and recent years have seen significant philosophical engagement with the subject. However, there is no volume that represents the current state of play in this important and growing field. The purpose of this volume is to highlight the state of the debate. The issues which are covered include whether and to what degree animals think in a language or in iconic structures, possess concepts, are conscious, self-aware, metacognize, attribute states of mind to others, and have emotions, as well as issues pertaining to our knowledge of and the scientific standards for attributing mental states to animals.

Building Brains

Author : David J. Price
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470979887
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Brains by : David J. Price

Download or read book Building Brains written by David J. Price and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of a brain from its simple beginnings in the embryo to the extraordinarily complex fully-functional adult structure is a truly remarkable process. Understanding how it occurs remains a formidable challenge despite enormous advances over the last century and current intense world-wide scientific research. A greater knowledge of how nervous systems construct themselves will bring huge benefits for human health and future technologies. Unravelling the mechanisms that lead to the development of healthy brains should help scientists tackle currently incurable diseases of the nervous system such as autism, epilepsy and schizophrenia (to name but a few), discover more about the processes that cause the uncontrolled growth associated with cancer and develop possible treatments. Building Brains provides a highly visual and readily accessible introduction to the main events that occur during neural development and the mechanisms by which they occur. Aimed at undergraduate students and postgraduates new to the field, who may not have a background in neuroscience and/or molecular genetics, it explains how cells in the early embryo first become neural, how their proliferation is controlled, what regulates the types of neural cells they become, how neurons connect to each other, how these connections are later refined under the influence of neural activity including that arising from experience, and why some neurons normally die. Key Features: A concise illustrated guide focusing on the core elements of current understanding of neural development, emphasising common principles underlying developmental mechanisms and supplemented by suggestions for further reading. Text boxes throughout provide further detail on selected major advances, issues of particular uncertainty or controversy and examples of human diseases that result from abnormal development. A balanced mammalian/non-mammalian perspective, drawing on examples from model organisms including the fruit fly, nematode worm, frog, zebrafish, chick, mouse, ferret, cat, monkey and human, and emphasising mechanisms that are conserved across species. Introduces the methods for studying neural development including genetics, transgenic technologies, advanced microscopy and computational modeling, allowing the reader to understand the main evidence underlying research advances. Student-friendly, full colour artwork reinforces important concepts; an extensive glossary and definitions in page margins help readers from different backgrounds; chapter summaries stress important points and aid revision. Associated Website includes a complete set of figures from the textbook.

Projections

Author : Karl Deisseroth
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 1984853694
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Projections by : Karl Deisseroth

Download or read book Projections written by Karl Deisseroth and published by Random House. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking tour of the human mind that illuminates the biological nature of our inner worlds and emotions, through gripping, moving—and, at times, harrowing—clinical stories “[A] scintillating and moving analysis of the human brain and emotions.”—Nature “Beautifully connects the inner feelings within all human beings to deep insights from modern psychiatry and neuroscience.”—Robert Lefkowitz, Nobel Laureate Karl Deisseroth has spent his life pursuing truths about the human mind, both as a renowned clinical psychiatrist and as a researcher creating and developing the revolutionary field of optogenetics, which uses light to help decipher the brain’s workings. In Projections, he combines his knowledge of the brain’s inner circuitry with a deep empathy for his patients to examine what mental illness reveals about the human mind and the origin of human feelings—how the broken can illuminate the unbroken. Through cutting-edge research and gripping case studies from Deisseroth’s own patients, Projections tells a larger story about the material origins of human emotion, bridging the gap between the ancient circuits of our brain and the poignant moments of suffering in our daily lives. The stories of Deisseroth’s patients are rich with humanity and shine an unprecedented light on the self—and the ways in which it can break down. A young woman with an eating disorder reveals how the mind can rebel against the brain’s most primitive drives of hunger and thirst; an older man, smothered into silence by depression and dementia, shows how humans evolved to feel not only joy but also its absence; and a lonely Uighur woman far from her homeland teaches both the importance—and challenges—of deep social bonds. Illuminating, literary, and essential, Projections is a revelatory, immensely powerful work. It transforms our understanding not only of the brain but of ourselves as social beings—giving vivid illustrations through science and resonant human stories of our yearning for connection and meaning.

Extracellular Matrix in Development

Author : Douglas W. DeSimone
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642359353
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix in Development by : Douglas W. DeSimone

Download or read book Extracellular Matrix in Development written by Douglas W. DeSimone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells in the developing embryo depend on signals from the extracellular environment to help guide their differentiation. An important mediator in this process is the extracellular matrix – secreted macromolecules that interact to form large protein networks outside the cell. During development, the extracellular matrix serves to separate adjacent cell groups, participates in establishing morphogenic gradients, and, through its ability to interact directly will cell-surface receptors, provides developmental clocks and positional information. This volume discusses how the extracellular matrix influences fundamental developmental processes and how model systems can be used to elucidate ECM function. The topics addressed range from how ECM influences early development as well as repair processes in the adult that recapitulate developmental pathways.

GeNeDis 2018

Author : Panayiotis Vlamos
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030326373
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis GeNeDis 2018 by : Panayiotis Vlamos

Download or read book GeNeDis 2018 written by Panayiotis Vlamos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3rd World Congress on Genetics, Geriatrics, and Neurodegenerative Disease Research (GeNeDis 2018), focuses on recent advances in genetics, geriatrics, and neurodegeneration, ranging from basic science to clinical and pharmaceutical developments. It also provides an international forum for the latest scientific discoveries, medical practices, and care initiatives. Advanced information technologies are discussed, including the basic research, implementation of medico-social policies, and the European and global issues in the funding of long-term care for elderly people.