Black Coal Miners In America

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Black Coal Miners in America

Author : Ronald L. Lewis
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813181518
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Coal Miners in America by : Ronald L. Lewis

Download or read book Black Coal Miners in America written by Ronald L. Lewis and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the early day of mining in colonial Virginia and Maryland up to the time of World War II, blacks were an important part of the labor force in the coal industry. Yet in this, as in other enterprises, their role has heretofore been largely ignored. Now Roland L. Lewis redresses the balance in this comprehensive history of black coal miners in America. The experience of blacks in the industry has varied widely over time and by region, and the approach of this study is therefore more comparative than chronological. Its aim is to define the patterns of race relations that prevailed among the miners. Using this approach, Lewis finds five distractive systems of race relations. There was in the South before and after the Civil War a system of slavery and convict labor—an enforced servitude without legal compensation. This was succeeded by an exploitative system whereby the southern coal operators, using race as an excuse, paid lower wages to blacks and thus succeeded in depressing the entire wage scale. By contrast, in northern and midwestern mines, the pattern was to exclude blacks from the industry so that whites could control their jobs and their communities. In the central Appalachians, although blacks enjoyed greater social equality, the mine operators manipulated racial tensions to keep the work force divided and therefore weak. Finally, with the advent of mechanization, black laborers were displaced from the mines to such an extent that their presence in the coal fields in now nearly a thing of the past. By analyzing the ways race, class, and community shaped social relations in the coal fields, Black Coal Miners in America makes a major contribution to the understanding of regional, labor, social, and African-American history.

"Everybody was Black Down There"

Author : Robert H. Woodrum
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 9780820328799
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (287 download)

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Book Synopsis "Everybody was Black Down There" by : Robert H. Woodrum

Download or read book "Everybody was Black Down There" written by Robert H. Woodrum and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1930 almost 13,000 African Americans worked in the coal mines around Birmingham, Alabama. They made up 53 percent of the mining workforce and some 60 percent of their union's local membership. At the close of the twentieth century, only about 15 percent of Birmingham's miners were black, and the entire mining workforce had been sharply reduced. Robert H. Woodrum offers a challenging interpretation of why this dramatic decline occurred and why it happened during an era of strong union presence in the Alabama coalfields. Drawing on union, company, and government records as well as interviews with coal miners, Woodrum examines the complex connections between racial ideology and technological and economic change. Extending the chronological scope of previous studies of race, work, and unionization in the Birmingham coalfields, Woodrum covers the New Deal, World War II, the postwar era, the 1970s expansion of coalfield employment, and contemporary trends toward globalization. The United Mine Workers of America's efforts to bridge the color line in places like Birmingham should not be underestimated, says Woodrum. Facing pressure from the wider world of segregationist Alabama, however, union leadership ultimately backed off the UMWA's historic commitment to the rights of its black members. Woodrum discusses the role of state UMWA president William Mitch in this process and describes Birmingham's unique economic circumstances as an essentially Rust Belt city within the burgeoning Sun Belt South. This is a nuanced exploration of how, despite their central role in bringing the UMWA back to Alabama in the early 1930s, black miners remained vulnerable to the economic and technological changes that transformed the coal industry after World War II.

Black Days, Black Dust

Author : Robert Armstead
Publisher : Univ. of Tennessee Press
ISBN 13 : 9781572331761
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Days, Black Dust by : Robert Armstead

Download or read book Black Days, Black Dust written by Robert Armstead and published by Univ. of Tennessee Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Armistead retired from the coal mines in 1987, and died in 1998. Here he recounts his experiences and those of his father, who was also a coal miner, so that this engaging memoir also stands as a rich historical document portraying the evolution of the industry. Armistead told his story to S.L. Gardner, a former teacher and librarian who has written about coal camps for the Times West Virginian. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Black Coal Miners in the United States

Author : Paul Nyden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Black Coal Miners in the United States by : Paul Nyden

Download or read book Black Coal Miners in the United States written by Paul Nyden and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soul Full of Coal Dust

Author : Chris Hamby
Publisher : Little, Brown
ISBN 13 : 0316299499
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis Soul Full of Coal Dust by : Chris Hamby

Download or read book Soul Full of Coal Dust written by Chris Hamby and published by Little, Brown. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a devastating and urgent work of investigative journalism, Pulitzer Prize winner Chris Hamby uncovers the tragic resurgence of black lung disease in Appalachia, its Big Coal cover-up, and the resilient mining communities who refuse to back down. Decades ago, a grassroots uprising forced Congress to enact long-overdue legislation designed to virtually eradicate black lung disease and provide fair compensation to coal miners stricken with the illness. Today, however, both promises remain unfulfilled. Levels of disease have surged, the old scourge has taken an aggressive new form, and ailing miners and widows have been left behind by a dizzying legal system, denied even modest payments and medical care. In this devastating and urgent work of investigative journalism, Pulitzer Prize winner Chris Hamby traces the unforgettable story of how these trends converge in the lives of two men: Gary Fox, a black lung-stricken West Virginia coal miner determined to raise his family from poverty, and John Cline, an idealistic carpenter and rural medical clinic worker who becomes a lawyer in his fifties. Opposing them are the lawyers at the coal industry’s go-to law firm; well-credentialed doctors who often weigh in for the defense, including a group of radiologists at Johns Hopkins; and Gary’s former employer, Massey Energy, the region’s largest coal company, run by a cantankerous CEO often portrayed in the media as a dark lord of the coalfields. On the line in Gary and John’s longshot legal battle are fundamental principles of fairness and justice, with consequences for miners and their loved ones throughout the nation. Taking readers inside courtrooms, hospitals, homes tucked in Appalachian hollows, and dusty mine tunnels, Hamby exposes how coal companies have not only continually flouted a law meant to protect miners from deadly amounts of dust but also enlisted well-credentialed doctors and lawyers to help systematically deny much-needed benefits to miners. The result is a legal and medical thriller that brilliantly illuminates how a band of laborers — aided by a small group of lawyers, doctors and lay advocates, often working out of their homes or in rural clinics and tiny offices – challenged one of the world's most powerful forces, Big Coal, and won. A deeply troubling yet ultimately triumphant work, Soul Full of Coal Dust is a necessary and timely book about injustice and resistance.

African American Miners and Migrants

Author : Thomas E. Wagner
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 : 0252092732
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Miners and Migrants by : Thomas E. Wagner

Download or read book African American Miners and Migrants written by Thomas E. Wagner and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas E. Wagner and Phillip J. Obermiller's African American Miners and Migrants documents the lives of Eastern Kentucky Social Club (EKSC) members, a group of black Appalachians who left the eastern Kentucky coalfields and their coal company hometowns in Harlan County. Bound together by segregation, the inherent dangers of mining, and coal company paternalism, it might seem that black miners and mountaineers would be eager to forget their past. Instead, members of the EKSC have chosen to celebrate their Harlan County roots. African American Miners and Migrants uses historical and archival research and extensive personal interviews to explore their reasons and the ties that still bind them to eastern Kentucky. The book also examines life in the model coal towns of Benham and Lynch in the context of Progressive Era policies, the practice of welfare capitalism, and the contemporary national trend of building corporate towns and planned communities.

Coal, Class, and Color

Author : Joe William Trotter
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 : 9780252061196
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Coal, Class, and Color by : Joe William Trotter

Download or read book Coal, Class, and Color written by Joe William Trotter and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry

Author : Joe William Trotter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781959000129
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry by : Joe William Trotter

Download or read book African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry written by Joe William Trotter and published by . This book was released on 2024-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays by the foremost labor historian of the Black experience in the Appalachian coalfields. This collection brings together nearly three decades of research on the African American experience, class, and race relations in the Appalachian coal industry. It shows how, with deep roots in the antebellum era of chattel slavery, West Virginia's Black working class gradually picked up steam during the emancipation years following the Civil War and dramatically expanded during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From there, African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry highlights the decline of the region's Black industrial proletariat under the impact of rapid technological, social, and political changes following World War II. It underscores how all miners suffered unemployment and outmigration from the region as global transformations took their toll on the coal industry, but emphasizes the disproportionately painful impact of declining bituminous coal production on African American workers, their families, and their communities. Joe Trotter not only reiterates the contributions of proletarianization to our knowledge of US labor and working-class history but also draws attention to the gender limits of studies of Black life that focus on class formation, while calling for new transnational perspectives on the subject. Equally important, this volume illuminates the intellectual journey of a noted labor historian with deep family roots in the southern Appalachian coalfields.

The American Coal Miner

Author : United States. President's Commission on Coal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Coal Miner by : United States. President's Commission on Coal

Download or read book The American Coal Miner written by United States. President's Commission on Coal and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "At the conclusion of the 110-day coal miners' strike in March of 1978, President Carter appointed John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV to head up the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. One of the main tasks of the President's Commission on Coal (PCC) was, in the words of Ben Franklin who covers coal for the New York Times, to "search out the roots of labor management bitterness that not only prolonged the record walkout but for decades has resulted in strikes every three years." To President Carter, who expressed a desire to place greater emphasis on domestically produced coal as an energy source, and to business interests, there were questions of great importance." -- review essay by Alan Banks, Appalachian Journal , SUMMER 1982, Vol. 9, No. 4 (SUMMER 1982), pp. 295-301.

Digging Our Own Graves

Author : Barbara Ellen Smith
Publisher : Haymarket Books
ISBN 13 : 1642593931
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Digging Our Own Graves by : Barbara Ellen Smith

Download or read book Digging Our Own Graves written by Barbara Ellen Smith and published by Haymarket Books. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Employment and production in the Appalachian coal industry have plummeted over recent decades. But the lethal black lung disease, once thought to be near-eliminated, affects miners at rates never before recorded. Digging Our Own Graves sets this epidemic in the context of the brutal assault, begun in the 1980s and continued since, on the United Mine Workers of America and the collective power of rank-and-file coal miners in the heart of the Appalachian coalfields. This destruction of militancy and working class power reveals the unacknowledged social and political roots of a health crisis that is still barely acknowledged by the state and coal industry. Barbara Ellen Smith’s essential study, now with an updated introduction and conclusion, charts the struggles of miners and their families from the birth of the Black Lung Movement in 1968 to the present-day importance of demands for environmental justice through proposals like the Green New Deal. Through extensive interviews with participants and her own experiences as an activist, the author provides a vivid portrait of communities struggling for survival against the corporate extraction of labor, mineral wealth, and the very breath of those it sends to dig their own graves.

African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry

Author : Joe William Trotter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781952271182
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (711 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry by : Joe William Trotter

Download or read book African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry written by Joe William Trotter and published by . This book was released on 2022-02 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays by the foremost labor historian of the Black experience in the Appalachian coalfields. This collection brings together nearly three decades of research on the African American experience, class, and race relations in the Appalachian coal industry. It shows how, with deep roots in the antebellum era of chattel slavery, West Virginia's Black working class gradually picked up steam during the emancipation years following the Civil War and dramatically expanded during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From there, African American Workers and the Appalachian Coal Industry highlights the decline of the region's Black industrial proletariat under the impact of rapid technological, social, and political changes following World War II. It underscores how all miners suffered unemployment and outmigration from the region as global transformations took their toll on the coal industry, but emphasizes the disproportionately painful impact of declining bituminous coal production on African American workers, their families, and their communities. Joe Trotter not only reiterates the contributions of proletarianization to our knowledge of US labor and working-class history but also draws attention to the gender limits of studies of Black life that focus on class formation, while calling for new transnational perspectives on the subject. Equally important, this volume illuminates the intellectual journey of a noted labor historian with deep family roots in the southern Appalachian coalfields.

Killing for Coal

Author : Thomas G. Andrews
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674736680
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Killing for Coal by : Thomas G. Andrews

Download or read book Killing for Coal written by Thomas G. Andrews and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2010-09-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a bold and original perspective on the 1914 Ludlow Massacre and the “Great Coalfield War.” In a story of transformation, Andrews illuminates the causes and consequences of the militancy that erupted in colliers’ strikes over the course of nearly half a century.

The Challenge of Interracial Unionism

Author : Daniel Letwin
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807846780
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (467 download)

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Book Synopsis The Challenge of Interracial Unionism by : Daniel Letwin

Download or read book The Challenge of Interracial Unionism written by Daniel Letwin and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores a tradition of interracial unionism that persisted in the coal fields of Alabama from the dawn of the New South through the turbulent era of World War I. Daniel Letwin focuses on the forces that prompted black and white miners to colla

Blacks in Appalachia

Author : William H. Turner
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813181526
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Blacks in Appalachia by : William H. Turner

Download or read book Blacks in Appalachia written by William H. Turner and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although southern Appalachia is popularly seen as a purely white enclave, blacks have lived in the region from early times. Some hollows and coal camps are in fact almost exclusively black settlements. The selected readings in this new book offer the first comprehensive presentation of the black experience in Appalachia. Organized topically, the selections deal with the early history of blacks in the region, with studies of the black communities, with relations between blacks and whites, with blacks in coal mining, and with political issues. Also included are a section on oral accounts of black experiences and an analysis of black Appalachian demography. The contributors range from Carter Woodson and W. E. B. Du Bois to more recent scholars such as Theda Perdue and David A. Corbin. An introduction by the editors provides an overall context for the selections. Blacks in Appalachia focuses needed attention on a neglected area of Appalachian studies. It will be a valuable resource for students of Appalachia and of black history.

Black Prisoners and Their World, Alabama, 1865-1900

Author : Mary Ellen Curtin
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780813919843
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Prisoners and Their World, Alabama, 1865-1900 by : Mary Ellen Curtin

Download or read book Black Prisoners and Their World, Alabama, 1865-1900 written by Mary Ellen Curtin and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the history of black prisoners in Alabama and their connections to and participation in the labor movement among miners in the late 19th century. Curtin (U. of Essex, UK) explores the convict- leasing system that ran most of Alabama's mines and its links to the African American transition out of slavery, illustrating the parallel transition from prisoner to coal miner. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR

The Devil Is Here in These Hills

Author : James Green
Publisher : Open Road + Grove/Atlantic
ISBN 13 : 0802192092
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis The Devil Is Here in These Hills by : James Green

Download or read book The Devil Is Here in These Hills written by James Green and published by Open Road + Grove/Atlantic. This book was released on 2015-02-03 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The most comprehensive and comprehendible history of the West Virginia Coal War I’ve ever read.” —John Sayles, writer and director of Matewan On September 1, 1912, the largest, most protracted, and deadliest working-class uprising in American history was waged in West Virginia. On one side were powerful corporations whose millions bought armed guards and political influence. On the other side were fifty thousand mine workers, the nation’s largest labor union, and the legendary “miners’ angel,” Mother Jones. The fight for unionization and civil rights sparked a political crisis that verged on civil war, stretching from the creeks and hollows of the Appalachians to the US Senate. Attempts to unionize were met with stiff resistance. Fundamental rights were bent—then broken. The violence evolved from bloody skirmishes to open armed conflict, as an army of more than fifty thousand miners finally marched to an explosive showdown. Extensively researched and vividly told, this definitive book about an often-overlooked chapter of American history, “gives this backwoods struggle between capital and labor the due it deserves. [Green] tells a dark, often despairing story from a century ago that rings true today” (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette).

The Black Rock that Built America

Author : Gerald L. McKerns
Publisher : GERALD MCKERNS
ISBN 13 : 9781425753009
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Black Rock that Built America by : Gerald L. McKerns

Download or read book The Black Rock that Built America written by Gerald L. McKerns and published by GERALD MCKERNS. This book was released on 2007 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Black Rock That Built America explains how, on the backs of thousands of European immigrants, America was transformed from a mostly rural nation into the world's greatest industrial power. As the nation expanded in the nineteenth century, anthracite coal fueled the making of steel, the building of railroads, the operation of factories, and the heating of homes. This book tells of the struggles these immigrant miners endured while performing the grueling and dangerous work of extracting anthracite coal from the earth in order to earn their place in America.