Biometrics Surveillance And The Law

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Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law

Author : Sara M. Smyth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429663765
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law by : Sara M. Smyth

Download or read book Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law written by Sara M. Smyth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-04 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biometric identification systems is rapidly increasing across the world, owing to their potential to combat terrorism, fraud, corruption and other illegal activities. However, critics of the technology complain that the creation of an extensive central register of personal information controlled by the government will increase opportunities for the state to abuse citizens. There is also concern about the extent to which data about an individual is recorded and kept. This book reviews some of the most current and complex legal and ethical issues relating to the use of biometrics. Beginning with an overview of biometric systems, the book goes on to examine some of the theoretical underpinnings of the surveillance state, questioning whether these conceptual approaches are still relevant, particularly the integration of ubiquitous surveillance systems and devices. The book also analyses the implementation of the world’s largest biometric database, Aadhaar, in detail. Additionally, the identification of individuals at border checkpoints in the United States, Australia and the EU is explored, as well as the legal and ethical debates surrounding the use of biometrics regarding: the war on terror and the current refugee crisis; violations of international human rights law principles; and mobility and privacy rights. The book concludes by addressing the collection, use and disclosure of personal information by private-sector entities such as Axciom and Facebook, and government use of these tools to profile individuals. By examining the major legal and ethical issues surrounding the debate on this rapidly emerging technology, this book will appeal to students and scholars of law, criminology and surveillance studies, as well as law enforcement and criminal law practitioners.

Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law

Author : Sara Melissa Smyth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780429022326
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law by : Sara Melissa Smyth

Download or read book Biometrics, Surveillance and the Law written by Sara Melissa Smyth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biometric identification systems is rapidly increasing across the world, owing to their potential to combat terrorism, fraud, corruption and other illegal activities. However, critics of the technology complain that the creation of an extensive central register of personal information controlled by the government will increase opportunities for the state to abuse citizens. There is also concern about the extent to which data about an individual is recorded and kept. This book reviews some of the most current and complex legal and ethical issues relating to the use of biometrics. Beginning with an overview of biometric systems, the book goes on to examine some of the theoretical underpinnings of the surveillance state, questioning whether these conceptual approaches are still relevant, particularly the integration of ubiquitous surveillance systems and devices. The book also analyses the implementation of the world's largest biometric database, Aadhaar, in detail. Additionally, the identification of individuals at border checkpoints in the United States, Australia and the EU is explored, as well as the legal and ethical debates surrounding the use of biometrics regarding: the war on terror and the current refugee crisis; violations of international human rights law principles; and mobility and privacy rights. The book concludes by addressing the collection, use and disclosure of personal information by private-sector entities such as Axciom and Facebook, and government use of these tools to profile individuals. By examining the major legal and ethical issues surrounding the debate on this rapidly emerging technology, this book will appeal to students and scholars of law, criminology and surveillance studies, as well as law enforcement and criminal law practitioners.

Biometrics, Crime and Security

Author : Marcus Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351724029
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometrics, Crime and Security by : Marcus Smith

Download or read book Biometrics, Crime and Security written by Marcus Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the use of biometrics – including fingerprint identification, DNA identification and facial recognition – in the criminal justice system: balancing the need to ensure society is protected from harms, such as crime and terrorism, while also preserving individual rights. It offers a comprehensive discussion of biometric identification that includes a consideration of: basic scientific principles, their historical development, the perspectives of political philosophy, critical security and surveillance studies; but especially the relevant law, policy and regulatory issues. Developments in key jurisdictions where the technology has been implemented, including the United Kingdom, United States, Europe and Australia, are examined. This includes case studies relating to the implementation of new technology, policy, legislation, court judgements, and where available, empirical evaluations of the use of biometrics in criminal justice systems. Examples from non-western areas of the world are also considered. Accessibly written, this book will be of interest to undergraduate, postgraduate and research students, academic researchers, as well as professionals in government, security, legal and private sectors.

Our Biometric Future

Author : Kelly A. Gates
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814732798
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Biometric Future by : Kelly A. Gates

Download or read book Our Biometric Future written by Kelly A. Gates and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2011-01-23 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1960s, a significant effort has been underway to program computers to “see” the human face—to develop automated systems for identifying faces and distinguishing them from one another—commonly known as Facial Recognition Technology. While computer scientists are developing FRT in order to design more intelligent and interactive machines, businesses and states agencies view the technology as uniquely suited for “smart” surveillance—systems that automate the labor of monitoring in order to increase their efficacy and spread their reach. Tracking this technological pursuit, Our Biometric Future identifies FRT as a prime example of the failed technocratic approach to governance, where new technologies are pursued as shortsighted solutions to complex social problems. Culling news stories, press releases, policy statements, PR kits and other materials, Kelly Gates provides evidence that, instead of providing more security for more people, the pursuit of FRT is being driven by the priorities of corporations, law enforcement and state security agencies, all convinced of the technology’s necessity and unhindered by its complicated and potentially destructive social consequences. By focusing on the politics of developing and deploying these technologies, Our Biometric Future argues not for the inevitability of a particular technological future, but for its profound contingency and contestability.

Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics

Author : Marcus Smith
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030902560
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics by : Marcus Smith

Download or read book Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics written by Marcus Smith and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.

Biometric Recognition

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309142075
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Recognition by : National Research Council

Download or read book Biometric Recognition written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-12 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometric recognition-the automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioral and biological characteristic-is promoted as a way to help identify terrorists, provide better control of access to physical facilities and financial accounts, and increase the efficiency of access to services and their utilization. Biometric recognition has been applied to identification of criminals, patient tracking in medical informatics, and the personalization of social services, among other things. In spite of substantial effort, however, there remain unresolved questions about the effectiveness and management of systems for biometric recognition, as well as the appropriateness and societal impact of their use. Moreover, the general public has been exposed to biometrics largely as high-technology gadgets in spy thrillers or as fear-instilling instruments of state or corporate surveillance in speculative fiction. Now, as biometric technologies appear poised for broader use, increased concerns about national security and the tracking of individuals as they cross borders have caused passports, visas, and border-crossing records to be linked to biometric data. A focus on fighting insurgencies and terrorism has led to the military deployment of biometric tools to enable recognition of individuals as friend or foe. Commercially, finger-imaging sensors, whose cost and physical size have been reduced, now appear on many laptop personal computers, handheld devices, mobile phones, and other consumer devices. Biometric Recognition: Challenges and Opportunities addresses the issues surrounding broader implementation of this technology, making two main points: first, biometric recognition systems are incredibly complex, and need to be addressed as such. Second, biometric recognition is an inherently probabilistic endeavor. Consequently, even when the technology and the system in which it is embedded are behaving as designed, there is inevitable uncertainty and risk of error. This book elaborates on these themes in detail to provide policy makers, developers, and researchers a comprehensive assessment of biometric recognition that examines current capabilities, future possibilities, and the role of government in technology and system development.

Bio-Privacy

Author : Nancy Yue Liu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136638156
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Bio-Privacy by : Nancy Yue Liu

Download or read book Bio-Privacy written by Nancy Yue Liu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Privacy: Privacy Regulations and the Challenge of Biometrics provides an in-depth consideration of the legal issues posed by the use of biometric technology. Focusing particularly on the relationship between the use of this technology and the protection of privacy, this book draws on material across a range of jurisdictions in order to explore several key questions. What are the privacy issues in the biometric context? How are these issues currently dealt with under the law? What principles are applied? Is the current regulation satisfactory? Is it applied consistently? And, more generally, what is the most appropriate way to deal with the legal implications of biometrics? Offering an analysis, and recommendations, with a view to securing adequate human rights and personal data protection, Bio-Privacy: Privacy Regulations and the Challenge of Biometrics will be an important reference point for those with interests in the tension between freedom and security.

Security and Privacy in Biometrics

Author : Patrizio Campisi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447152301
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Security and Privacy in Biometrics by : Patrizio Campisi

Download or read book Security and Privacy in Biometrics written by Patrizio Campisi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important text/reference presents the latest secure and privacy-compliant techniques in automatic human recognition. Featuring viewpoints from an international selection of experts in the field, the comprehensive coverage spans both theory and practical implementations, taking into consideration all ethical and legal issues. Topics and features: presents a unique focus on novel approaches and new architectures for unimodal and multimodal template protection; examines signal processing techniques in the encrypted domain, security and privacy leakage assessment, and aspects of standardization; describes real-world applications, from face and fingerprint-based user recognition, to biometrics-based electronic documents, and biometric systems employing smart cards; reviews the ethical implications of the ubiquity of biometrics in everyday life, and its impact on human dignity; provides guidance on best practices for the processing of biometric data within a legal framework.

Monitoring Laws

Author : Jake Goldenfein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110842662X
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring Laws by : Jake Goldenfein

Download or read book Monitoring Laws written by Jake Goldenfein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the historical origins and emerging technologies of government profiling and examines law's role in contemporary technological environments.

Technology assessment using biometrics for border security.

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428945997
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Technology assessment using biometrics for border security. by :

Download or read book Technology assessment using biometrics for border security. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Practitioner's Guide to Biometrics

Author : William Sloan Coats
Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590317495
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis The Practitioner's Guide to Biometrics by : William Sloan Coats

Download or read book The Practitioner's Guide to Biometrics written by William Sloan Coats and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometrics is the most accurate form of identifiers and, when used properly, can greatly simplify life. However, biometrics raise new questions about personal privacy, surveillance, and the effects of government and corporate databases that register and hold fingerprint data and other biometric information. This book covers such topics as ID cards, data theft, authentication, and digital rights management.

Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309103924
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age by : National Research Council

Download or read book Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-28 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Privacy is a growing concern in the United States and around the world. The spread of the Internet and the seemingly boundaryless options for collecting, saving, sharing, and comparing information trigger consumer worries. Online practices of business and government agencies may present new ways to compromise privacy, and e-commerce and technologies that make a wide range of personal information available to anyone with a Web browser only begin to hint at the possibilities for inappropriate or unwarranted intrusion into our personal lives. Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age presents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary examination of privacy in the information age. It explores such important concepts as how the threats to privacy evolving, how can privacy be protected and how society can balance the interests of individuals, businesses and government in ways that promote privacy reasonably and effectively? This book seeks to raise awareness of the web of connectedness among the actions one takes and the privacy policies that are enacted, and provides a variety of tools and concepts with which debates over privacy can be more fruitfully engaged. Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age focuses on three major components affecting notions, perceptions, and expectations of privacy: technological change, societal shifts, and circumstantial discontinuities. This book will be of special interest to anyone interested in understanding why privacy issues are often so intractable.

Privacy and Data Protection Issues of Biometric Applications

Author : Els J. Kindt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400775229
Total Pages : 975 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Privacy and Data Protection Issues of Biometric Applications by : Els J. Kindt

Download or read book Privacy and Data Protection Issues of Biometric Applications written by Els J. Kindt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses all critical privacy and data protection aspects of biometric systems from a legal perspective. It contains a systematic and complete analysis of the many issues raised by these systems based on examples worldwide and provides several recommendations for a transnational regulatory framework. An appropriate legal framework is in most countries not yet in place. Biometric systems use facial images, fingerprints, iris and/or voice in an automated way to identify or to verify (identity) claims of persons. The treatise which has an interdisciplinary approach starts with explaining the functioning of biometric systems in general terms for non-specialists. It continues with a description of the legal nature of biometric data and makes a comparison with DNA and biological material and the regulation thereof. After describing the risks, the work further reviews the opinions of data protection authorities in relation to biometric systems and current and future (EU) law. A detailed legal comparative analysis is made of the situation in Belgium, France and the Netherlands. The author concludes with an evaluation of the proportionality principle and the application of data protection law to biometric data processing operations, mainly in the private sector. Pleading for more safeguards in legislation, the author makes several suggestions for a regulatory framework aiming at reducing the risks of biometric systems. They include limitations to the collection and storage of biometric data as well as technical measures, which could influence the proportionality of the processing. The text is supported by several figures and tables providing a summary of particular points of the discussion. The book also uses the 2012 biometric vocabulary adopted by ISO and contains an extensive bibliography and literature sources.

Biometrics: A Look at Facial Recognition

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometrics: A Look at Facial Recognition by :

Download or read book Biometrics: A Look at Facial Recognition written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 2002 General Assembly, Delegate H. Morgan Griffith sponsored legislation that would set legal parameters for public sector use of facial recognition technology in Virginia. The legislation, known as House Bill No. 454 (included as an Appendix), passed the House of Delegates by a vote of 74-25 earlier this year, and is pending in the Senate Courts of Justice Committee while the Virginia State Crime Commission examines it. The Virginia State Crime Commission, a standing legislative commission of the Virginia General Assembly, is statutorily mandated to make recommendations on all areas of public safety in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Currently, Virginia Beach is the only municipality in Virginia planning to incorporate facial recognition technology into its public safety efforts. Late last year, the Virginia Beach City Council approved a measure authorizing the installation of a facial recognition system in the city's "Oceanfront" tourist area. The system has been tested and has recently been fully implemented. Senator Kenneth W. Stolle, the Chairman of the Virginia State Crime Commission, established a Facial Recognition Technology Sub-Committee to examine the issue of facial recognition technology. This briefing begins by defining biometrics and discussing examples of the technology. It then explains how biometrics may be used for authentication and surveillance purposes. Facial recognition is examined in depth to include technical, operational, and testing considerations. This briefing concludes with a discussion of the legal status quo with respect to public sector use of facial recognition. While not making a specific policy recommendation with respect to House Bill No. 454, this briefing hopefully provides useful information for Sub-Committee members, the Virginia State Crime Commission, and other interested parties.

Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context

Author : Emilio Mordini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400738927
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context by : Emilio Mordini

Download or read book Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context written by Emilio Mordini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While a sharp debate is emerging about whether conventional biometric technology offers society any significant advantages over other forms of identification, and whether it constitutes a threat to privacy, technology is rapidly progressing. Politicians and the public are still discussing fingerprinting and iris scan, while scientists and engineers are already testing futuristic solutions. Second generation biometrics - which include multimodal biometrics, behavioural biometrics, dynamic face recognition, EEG and ECG biometrics, remote iris recognition, and other, still more astonishing, applications – is a reality which promises to overturn any current ethical standard about human identification. Robots which recognise their masters, CCTV which detects intentions, voice responders which analyse emotions: these are only a few applications in progress to be developed. This book is the first ever published on ethical, social and privacy implications of second generation biometrics. Authors include both distinguished scientists in the biometric field and prominent ethical, privacy and social scholars. This makes this book an invaluable tool for policy makers, technologists, social scientists, privacy authorities involved in biometric policy setting. Moreover it is a precious instrument to update scholars from different disciplines who are interested in biometrics and its wider social, ethical and political implications.

Security and Access Control Using Biometric Technologies

Author : Robert Newman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781435496675
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Security and Access Control Using Biometric Technologies by : Robert Newman

Download or read book Security and Access Control Using Biometric Technologies written by Robert Newman and published by . This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security and Access Control Using Biometric Technologies, International Edition presents an introduction to biometrics or the study of recognizing individuals based on their unique physical or behavioral traits, as they relate to computer security. The book begins with the basics of biometric technologies and discusses how and why biometric systems are emerging in information security. An emphasis is directed towards authentication, authorization, identification, and access control. Topics covered include security and management required to protect valuable computer and network resources and assets, and methods of providing control over access and security for computers and networks. Written for a broad level of readers, this book applies to information system and information technology students, as well as network managers, security administrators and other practitioners. Oriented towards the practical application of biometrics in the real world, Security and Access Control Using Biometric Technologies provides the reader with a realistic view of the use of biometrics in the ever-changing industry of information security.

Biometric State

Author : Keith Breckenridge
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316123944
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric State by : Keith Breckenridge

Download or read book Biometric State written by Keith Breckenridge and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometric identification and registration systems are being proposed by governments and businesses across the world. Surprisingly they are under most rapid, and systematic, development in countries in Africa and Asia. In this groundbreaking book, Keith Breckenridge traces how the origins of the systems being developed in places like India, Mexico, Nigeria and Ghana can be found in a century-long history of biometric government in South Africa, with the South African experience of centralized fingerprint identification unparalleled in its chronological depth and demographic scope. He shows how empire, and particularly the triangular relationship between India, the Witwatersrand and Britain, established the special South African obsession with biometric government, and shaped the international politics that developed around it for the length of the twentieth century. He also examines the political effects of biometric registration systems, revealing their consequences for the basic workings of the institutions of democracy and authoritarianism.