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Biomarkers In Multiple Sclerosis
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Book Synopsis Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis by : U. Utz
Download or read book Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis written by U. Utz and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006-11 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several processes are presumed to sequentially or simultaneously contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). This work examines the potential of biomarkers in the context of MS. It explores the state of biomarker research for MS, barriers to progress and possible solutions and priorities.
Book Synopsis Biomarkers and Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis by : Irene Håkansson
Download or read book Biomarkers and Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis written by Irene Håkansson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and newly diagnosed relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The papers are based on data from 41 patients in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. All patients were untreated at baseline. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=22) for blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were recruited from blood donors. Paper I evaluated the prognostic value of baseline levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22, neurofilament light chain (NFL), neurofilament heavy chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and osteopontin in CSF in relation to disease activity during the first two years of follow-up. Disease activity was defined as clinical relapses, new T2 lesions in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression. Absence of these three signs of disease activity was called no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3). Logistic regression analysis showed that NFL in CSF was the best predictive marker of disease activity and correctly classified 93% of the patients with evidence of disease activity during two years of follow-up and 67% of those without. Paper II presented four year follow-up data from the cohort and also included brain volume data as well as serum levels of NFL. The correlation between NFL in CSF and serum was fairly strong (r=0.74, p<0.001). NFL in CSF was associated with new T2 lesions as well as with brain volume loss, whereas CHI3L1 in CSF was associated mainly with brain volume loss and CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL22 and MMP-9 in CSF were mainly associated with new T2 lesions. Taken together, paper I and II confirm and extend the knowledge of NFL as a useful biomarker in CIS and RRMS and suggests that NFL, rather than total brain volume loss, could be included in an expanded NEDA concept and used in clinical monitoring of disease activity/treatment effect. Although serum levels of NFL were correlated with the corresponding CSF levels, CSF-NFL showed a stronger association to subsequent disease activity (NEDA-3). Paper III addressed the patients´ self-reported Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) scores in relation to other cohort study data. MFIS scores correlated with other self-assessment questionnaire data (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores (Spearman´s rho 0.45-0.78, all p?0.01)) but not with EDSS ratings, number of T2 lesions, total brain volume or NFL levels, indicating that subjective fatigue scores are not well reflected by some commonly used and objectively measurable disease parameters. Paper IV focused on the complement factors C1q, C3, C3a and sC5b-9 in CSF and plasma. CSFC1q was significantly higher in patients than in controls at baseline. The subgroup of patients with ongoing relapse at baseline also had higher levels of CSF-C3a than controls. Baseline levels of CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a correlated significantly with several pro-inflammatory chemokines as well as with MMP-9, CHI3L1 and NFL in CSF. Baseline CSF-C3a also correlated significantly with the number of T2 lesions and Gadolinium enhancing lesions in brain MRI at baseline, as well as with the number of new T2 lesions during follow-up. This study indicates that the complement system is involved already at early stages of MS. It also suggests that especially CSF-C1q and CSF-C3a levels are associated with other neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative markers and that CSF-C3a levels may carry some prognostic information.
Book Synopsis Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis by : Valentina Ignatova
Download or read book Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis written by Valentina Ignatova and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical, biological, and radiological evidence are currently needed to diagnose MS, but lack of preclinical biomarkers hinders the earliest possible diagnosis and treatment. Conventional biomarkers target immunity, blood-brain barrier disruption, demyelination, and neuronal and axonal damage, as well as mitochondrial activity. An increase of specific brain metabolites with 30,Äì40% is registered before detection of MRI lesions in MS. Potential lipid biomarkers are fatty acids, phospholipids, and oxysterols. The role of proteoforms in the pathogenesis of MS was confirmed. Serum neurofilament light chains (sNfL) are currently being studied as a readily available biomarker for prognosis and response to treatment in MS. The sNfL levels reflect ongoing neuroaxonal damage caused by inflammation, and the sNfL levels predict disease activity over the next few years. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning is reliable as a biomarker of disability worsening. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and CRP are also MS biomarkers. The development of rationally targeted therapeutic agents that allow preventive treatment to stop the disease is also delayed without definite biomarkers.
Book Synopsis Developing New Imaging Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis by : Niamh Cawley
Download or read book Developing New Imaging Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis written by Niamh Cawley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis by : M. Filippi
Download or read book Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis written by M. Filippi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Why are there no effective treatments for my condition? Why do researchers exclude patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis from enrolling in clinical trials? Please let me know if you hear of studies that I might be allowed to enter or treatments that I could try for my condition. " Thus, in recent years, the sad lament of the patient with primary progressive MS (PPMS). This variant, often in the guise of a chronic progressive myelopathy or, less commonly, progressive cerebellar or bulbar dysfunction, usually responds poorly to corticosteroids and rarely seems to benefit to a significant degree from intensive immunosuppressive treatments. In recent years, most randomized clin ical trials have excluded PPMS patients on two counts. Clinical worsening devel ops slowly in PPMS and may not be recognized during the course of a 2-or 3-year trial even in untreated control patients. This factor alone adds to the potential for a type 2 error or, at the very least, inflates the sample size and duration of the trial. In addition, there is mounting evidence that progressive axonal degeneration and neuronal loss (rather than active, recurrent inflammation) may be important components of the pathology in this form of the disease. Although contemporary trials are evaluating whether PPMS patients may benefit from treatment with the ~-interferons and glatiramer acetate, preliminary, uncontrolled clinical experi ence suggests that the results may not be dramatic.
Book Synopsis Pathophysiologic Insights from Biomarker Studies in Neurological Disorders by : Tobias Ruck
Download or read book Pathophysiologic Insights from Biomarker Studies in Neurological Disorders written by Tobias Ruck and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309463653 Total Pages :89 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroinflammation is a burgeoning area of interest in academia and biopharma, with a broadly acknowledged role in many central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, there is little agreement on the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the manifestations of neuroinflammation in the CNS compartment and how neuroinflammation operates as a driver and also as a consequence of disease in the brain. Moreover, another unclear area is how to translate increased understanding of the mechanisms that underlie neuroinflammation and its manifestations in the CNS to therapeutics. To address these gaps in understanding mechanisms and how to translate that understanding into therapeutics, the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on March 20-21, 2017, bringing together key leaders in the field from industry, academia, and governmental agencies to explore the role and mechanisms of neuroinflammation in a variety of CNS diseases. The workshop also considered strategies to advance the identification and validation of biomarkers of neuroinflammation that could accelerate development of therapies, bringing much-needed treatments to patients with disorders ranging from neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) to neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis Neuroscience Biomarkers and Biosignatures by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Neuroscience Biomarkers and Biosignatures written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers, or biological markers, are quantitative measurements that offer researchers and clinicians valuable insight into diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for many disorders and diseases. A major goal in neuroscience medical research is establishing biomarkers for disorders of the nervous system. Given the promising potential and necessity for neuroscience biomarkers, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened a public workshop and released the workshop summary entitled Neuroscience Biomarkers and Biosignatures: Converging Technologies, Emerging Partnerships. The workshop brought together experts from multiple areas to discuss the most promising and practical arenas in neuroscience in which biomarkers will have the greatest impact. The main objective of the workshop was to identify and discuss biomarker targets that are not currently being aggressively pursued but that could have the greatest near-term impact on the rate at which new treatments are brought forward for psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Book Synopsis Developing New Imaging Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis by : N. M. Cawley
Download or read book Developing New Imaging Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis written by N. M. Cawley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis White Matter Diseases by : Massimo Filippi
Download or read book White Matter Diseases written by Massimo Filippi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides cutting-edge information on the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures and treatment approaches for the main white matter (WM) disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). WM lesions are associated with many neurological conditions, and with aging. The diagnostic work-up of neurological diseases characterized by the presence of these lesions has changed dramatically over the past few years. This is mainly due on the one hand to the discovery of specific pathogenetic factors in some of these conditions, and on the order to the optimized use of diagnostic tools. All of this has resulted in new diagnostic algorithms, and in the identification of new neurological conditions. The book offers neurologists essential guidance in the diagnosis and treatment of the most frequent WM conditions, promoting their correct and cost-saving diagnosis and management. By integrating neurological, laboratory and imaging concepts with the demands of accurate diagnosis, this reference guide provides a state-of-the-art overview of the current state of knowledge on these conditions, as well as practical guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment.
Book Synopsis Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: Challenges and Approaches to Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets by : Jinzhou Feng
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: Challenges and Approaches to Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets written by Jinzhou Feng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition that causes inflammatory damage to the central nervous system. The pathologic features are diffuse and focal inflammation, demyelination, gliosis, and neuronal damage in the optic nerves, brain, and spinal cord. Multiple sclerosis remains a challenging and disabling disease. There is a greater understanding of the underlying genetic and environmental factors driving the disorder, including low vitamin D levels, smoking, and obesity. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential and needs to be supported by diagnostic criteria, including imaging and spinal fluid abnormalities in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Other demyelinating diseases are neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).
Book Synopsis Reassessing the immune system contribution in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic target, biomarkers of disease and immune pathogenesis by : Maria Teresa Cencioni
Download or read book Reassessing the immune system contribution in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic target, biomarkers of disease and immune pathogenesis written by Maria Teresa Cencioni and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-10 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multiple Sclerosis 3, Volume 34 E-Book by : Claudia Lucchinetti
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis 3, Volume 34 E-Book written by Claudia Lucchinetti and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple Sclerosis 3 emphasizes the latest in the pharmacologic treatment of this incurable inflammatory demyelinating disorder. Primary editors Claudia Lucchinetti, MD, and Reinhard Hohlfeld, MD, with the aid of all new contributors, present a complete and current reference on multiple sclerosis that includes discussions of such hot topics as Biomarkers, Genomics, and Surrogate Outcomes in MS; Pediatric MS; Transverse Myelitis; Attack Therapies in MS; Current Disease-Modifying Therapeutic Strategies in MS; Management of Aggressive MS; Symptomatic Therapies in MS; Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies; and Strategies to Promote Neuroprotection and Repair. Distinguish between MS and other similar demyelinating disorders and know the best and most aggressive methods of treatment. This title in the Blue Books of Neurology series is exactly what you need to treat the disease and its relapses. Covers the latest clinical advances and relevant discussions—Biomarkers, Genomics, and Surrogate Outcomes in MS; Pediatric MS; Transverse Myelitis; Attack Therapies in MS; Current Disease-Modifying Therapeutic Strategies in MS; Management of Aggressive MS; Symptomatic Therapies in MS; Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies; and Strategies to Promote Neuroprotection and Repair—to bring you up to date and keep your practice state-of-the-art. Features a greater emphasis on practical management to help you determine the type of multiple sclerosis and the best course of therapy. Focuses on pharmaceutical therapies so you know the best and most aggressive methods and which drugs to use for treatment. Includes extensive information on differential diagnosis so that you can clearly distinguish between multiple sclerosis and other similar demyelinating disorders. Presents expert new editors and experienced contributing authors for the most current and relevant practice information. Emphasizes the pharmacologic management of patients with multiple sclerosis to address treating the actual disease and its relapses as well as treating the symptoms.
Book Synopsis Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis by : Ana Martinez
Download or read book Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis written by Ana Martinez and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with a presumed autoimmune aetiology and few current effective treatments. Disease modifying therapies focus on the altering the natural course of relapsing and remitting MS, targeting the inflammatory response. Other targets involve tacking the cause of the disease – demyelination of axons through remyelination therapies. Due to several recent breakthroughs in the understanding of the pathophysiology of MS new targets for remyelination and immunomodulation are rapidly emerging. This book provides a comprehensive overview of drug discovery and development for the molecular basis of the disease, from new targets to drugs currently in clinical development, cellular and animal disease models to biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment in clinical trials. Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis is an ideal reference for any student or researcher interested in drug development for neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases and MS in particular.
Book Synopsis Imaging Biomarkers by : Luis Martí-Bonmatí
Download or read book Imaging Biomarkers written by Luis Martí-Bonmatí and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to cover all aspects of the development of imaging biomarkers and their integration into clinical practice, from the conceptual basis through to the technical aspects that need to be considered in order to ensure that medical imaging can serve as a powerful quantification instrument capable of providing valuable information on organ and tissue properties. The process of imaging biomarker development is considered step by step, covering proof of concept, proof of mechanism, image acquisition, image preparation, imaging biomarker analysis and measurement, detection of measurement biases (proof of principle), proof of efficacy and effectiveness, and reporting of results. Sources of uncertainty in the accuracy and precision of measurements and pearls and pitfalls in gold standards and biological correlation are discussed. In addition, practical use cases are included on imaging biomarker implementation in brain, oncologic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and abdominal diseases. The authors are a multidisciplinary team of expert radiologists and engineers, and the book will be of value to all with an interest in the quantitative imaging of biomarkers in personalized medicine.
Book Synopsis Peripheral Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon-Beta by : Andreia Monteiro
Download or read book Peripheral Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon-Beta written by Andreia Monteiro and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple sclerosis is a relapsing and eventually progressive disorder of the central nervous system that continues to challenge researchers who try to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and prevent its progression. Interferon-beta is the most widely prescribed treatment for MS. Peripheral blood seems to mirror the immunological disturbances that underlie MS, which could represent the migration patterns between periphery and other tissues according to the clinical phase of the disease. Based on this assumption, several studies point to significant alterations in peripheral blood homeostasis of different subpopulations of T cells, like γδ T cells or Th1, Th2 and Th17 functional subsets; of B cells subpopulations; and of innate cells like monocytes and dendritic cells. The main goal of this chapter is to make an in-depth review of the major findings described in the literature that correlate specific alterations on different leukocytes subpopulations with disease status, and which therefore have the potential to constitute a peripheral biomarker of disease progression.
Book Synopsis Bioinformatics and Biomarker Discovery by : Francisco Azuaje
Download or read book Bioinformatics and Biomarker Discovery written by Francisco Azuaje and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to introduce biologists, clinicians and computational researchers to fundamental data analysis principles, techniques and tools for supporting the discovery of biomarkers and the implementation of diagnostic/prognostic systems. The focus of the book is on how fundamental statistical and data mining approaches can support biomarker discovery and evaluation, emphasising applications based on different types of "omic" data. The book also discusses design factors, requirements and techniques for disease screening, diagnostic and prognostic applications. Readers are provided with the knowledge needed to assess the requirements, computational approaches and outputs in disease biomarker research. Commentaries from guest experts are also included, containing detailed discussions of methodologies and applications based on specific types of "omic" data, as well as their integration. Covers the main range of data sources currently used for biomarker discovery Covers the main range of data sources currently used for biomarker discovery Puts emphasis on concepts, design principles and methodologies that can be extended or tailored to more specific applications Offers principles and methods for assessing the bioinformatic/biostatistic limitations, strengths and challenges in biomarker discovery studies Discusses systems biology approaches and applications Includes expert chapter commentaries to further discuss relevance of techniques, summarize biological/clinical implications and provide alternative interpretations
