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Biological Production Of Ethanol From Coal Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii Strain Petc
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Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii, Strain PETC by : Bill Baucum Elmore
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii, Strain PETC written by Bill Baucum Elmore and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture isolation and selection studies are being performed in order to select the best biological system for bench-scale studies in producing ethanol from syngas components. Three isolates have been found which produce more than 2 g/L ethanol from CO and C0[sub 2]/H[sub 2] in batch culture. These low concentrations are actually quite promising since Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, performs well in continuous culture but produces only small concentrations of ethanol in batch culture after several weeks of incubation. Two of the isolates have been utilized in the CSTR, where 90 percent CO conversions have been noted, while producing up to 2 g/L ethanol, in preliminary studies. CSTR studies will continue until steady state is reached. An anaerobic bacterium has been isolated from natural sources that converts the components of synthesis gas (CO, H[sub 2], C0[sub 2]) into ethanol. This organism, the only one known at that time to produce ethanol from synthesis gas, has been identified as a new clostridial strain and has been named Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several batch experiments have been performed in developing the ethanol-producing isolates ER12 and ER18 for ethanol production from synthesis gas. In addition, Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, has been used in a two-stage continuous stirred tank reactor system. Ethanol concentrations from the CSTR system have reached 12 g/L.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, September 24, 1992--December 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, September 24, 1992--December 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture isolation and selection studies are being performed in order to select the best biological system for bench-scale studies in producing ethanol from syngas components. Three isolates have been found which produce more than 2 g/L ethanol from CO and C02/H2 in batch culture. These low concentrations are actually quite promising since Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, performs well in continuous culture but produces only small concentrations of ethanol in batch culture after several weeks of incubation. Two of the isolates have been utilized in the CSTR, where 90 percent CO conversions have been noted, while producing up to 2 g/L ethanol, in preliminary studies. CSTR studies will continue until steady state is reached. An anaerobic bacterium has been isolated from natural sources that converts the components of synthesis gas (CO, H2, C02) into ethanol. This organism, the only one known at that time to produce ethanol from synthesis gas, has been identified as a new clostridial strain and has been named Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to present results from culture isolation and selection studies, bench-scale fermentation experiments, and ethanol recovery experiments. Several promising isolates have been obtained in addition to Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, and are being used in batch and continuous culture comparison studies. C. ljungdahlii is being utilized in two-stage bench-scale reactor studies, aimed at producing ethanol in high concentrations from a stable culture system. Finally, solvent comparison studies have been performed for the economical recovery of ethanol from the fermentation broth.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previously studies have shown the importance of both medium composition and concentration and medium pH on ethanol production of Clostridium ljungdahlii in fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas. Four additional batch experiments involving medium composition and concentration were carried out in modified basal medium without yeast extract at pH 4.0. These experiments indicate that basal medium with only small amounts of B-vitamins can yield significant cell growth while yielding ethanol as the major product. Product ratios as high as 11.0 g ethanol per g acetate were obtained with half strength B-vitamins. Further experiments indicates that Ca-pantothenate may be necessary for the growth of C. ljungdahlii and that growth and ethanol production can occur simultaneously.
Download or read book פרחי קדם written by and published by . This book was released on 1843 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii in a Trickle Bed Reactor by : Rangarajan Raghavan
Download or read book Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii in a Trickle Bed Reactor written by Rangarajan Raghavan and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three bacteria, Clostridium ljungdahlii and isolates ERI-8 and 0-52, have been utilized in CSTR studies in order to directly compare the performance of the bacteria in continuous culture in converting synthesis gas components to ethanol. C. ljungdahlii is able to produce higher concentrations of ethanol than the other bacteria, largely because medium development with this bacterium has been ongoing for 2--3 years. However, both of the ERI isolates are quite promising for ethanol production and, therefore, will be studied further in the CSTR. A comparison of the energy costs for various ethanol recovery techniques has been made for use in the bench scale system. The techniques considered include direct distillation, extraction with various solvents followed by distillation, air stripping followed by distillation, pervaporation followed by distillation, reverse osmosis and temperature swing extraction. Extraction with a solvent possessing a relatively high distribution coefficient for ethanol and a high separation factor (relative ability to extract ethanol in favor of water), followed by distillation, is the most desirable technology.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previously studies have shown the importance of both medium composition and concentration and medium pH on ethanol production of Clostridium ljungdahlii in fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas. Four additional batch experiments involving medium composition and concentration were carried out in modified basal medium without yeast extract at pH 4.0. These experiments indicate that basal medium with only small amounts of B-vitamins can yield significant cell growth while yielding ethanol as the major product. Product ratios as high as 11.0 g ethanol per g acetate were obtained with half strength B-vitamins. Further experiments indicates that Ca-pantothenate may be necessary for the growth of C. ljungdahlii and that growth and ethanol production can occur simultaneously.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous results have shown that the medium pH, the composition of the medium and concentration of medium constituents significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. An additional batch study was carried out varying the agitation rate at pH 4, 4.5 and 5.0. It was speculated that increased agitation rates in combination with low pH might result in increased ethanol production while, at the same time, yielding higher cell concentrations which could eventually result in higher ethanol concentrations.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1990--September 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], June 22, 1990--September 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous results have shown that the yeast extract concentration and the medium pH significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. Further experimentation has demonstrated the impact of eliminating yeast extract from the medium (except for the slight quantity transferred with the inoculm), especially when coupled with low pH. An ethanol to acetate product ratio of 4.0 was obtained at pH 4.5 without yeast extract present in the medium when using culture previously exposed to growth-limiting H2S. The product ratio was 2.0 at pH 4.0 (nearly three times the value of pH 4.5 and nine times the value of pH 5.0) without yeast extract present in the media when using the standard (unexposed) culture.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. Task 5 Report, Economic Evaluation by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. Task 5 Report, Economic Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technical and economic feasibility of producing ethanol from syngas using Clostridium. ljungdahlii has been demonstrated. A plant processing 100 million SCF of syngas per day and generating 561 million pound of ethanol per year has a payout of 1.6 yr using a syngas price of $0.50/MSCF. If the raw syngas can be obtained for $0.50/MSCF, the payout time reduces to 0.84 yr.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. Task 4 Report, Continuous Reactor Studies by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. Task 4 Report, Continuous Reactor Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of ethanol from synthesis gas by the anaerobic bacterium C. ljungdahlii has been demonstrated in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs), CSTRs with cell recycle and trickle bed reactors. Various liquid media were utilized in these studies including basal medium, basal media with 1/2 B-vitamins and no yeast extract and a medium specifically designed for the growth of C. ljungdahlii in the CSTR. Ethanol production was successful in each of the three reactor types, although trickle bed operation with C. ljungdahlii was not as good as with the stirred tank reactors. Operation in the CSTR with cell recycle was particularly promising, producing 47 g/L ethanol with only minor concentrations of the by-product acetate.
Book Synopsis Production of Bioethanol from Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii as a Microbial Catalyst by : Oscar Tirado-Acevedo
Download or read book Production of Bioethanol from Synthesis Gas Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii as a Microbial Catalyst written by Oscar Tirado-Acevedo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comparing Ethanol Production of Carboxydotrophic Clostridium Strains During Syngas Fermentation with a Two-stage Continuous Culture by : Michael Emerson Martin
Download or read book Comparing Ethanol Production of Carboxydotrophic Clostridium Strains During Syngas Fermentation with a Two-stage Continuous Culture written by Michael Emerson Martin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several strains of anaerobic bacteria in the genus Clostridium can convert syngas, which consists of CO, H2, and a small amount of CO2, into ethanol via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in a process called syngas fermentation. Process optimization to increase production rates, improve gas/liquid mass transfer, and to control product ratios is important to render the process efficient and economically viable. Strain differences in growth and product concentrations have been reported in the literature, yet experiments varied in reactor design, medium, batch vs. continuous fermentation, pH, syngas composition, and other parameters. To directly compare the productivity of these biocatalysts, some of which are indistinguishable based on 16S rRNA phylogeny, C. ljungdahlii ERI-2, C. ljungdahlii PETC, and C. autoethanogenum JA1-1 were separately cultured in a long-term continuous syngas fermentation system optimized for ethanol production. The pH was lowered during the fermentation runs in a controlled manner in an attempt to induce solventogenesis. For each strain, duplicate fermentation runs were conducted, and for all strains the results of these duplicates runs were reproducible. A shift to solventogenesis was not achieved with JA1-1 and lowering the pH adversely affected its growth and CO consumption. ERI-2 and PETC performed similarly. Ethanol production rates for ERI-2 and PETC were correlated to biocatalyst density more so than pH, whereas acetate production rates for these strains decreased when pH was lowered. The highest average ethanol production rate of 0.301 g/L/h was generated with PETC at pH 4.5 with a corresponding 19 g/L ethanol concentration and 5.5:1 ethanol/acetate ratio. Carbon conversion to ethanol for ERI-2, PETC, and JA1-1 was 70%, 75%, and 28% of theoretical maximum, respectively. A minimum mass transfer coefficient (KLa) of 40 h-1 was calculated for our second-stage bubble column when considering the maximum possible gas/liquid driving force; however, an apparent KLa value of 190 h-1 was found to be representative of normal continuous operation. The results provide information on long-term (>700 h), two-stage continuous syngas fermentation using a bubble column reactor, and on the dissimilar effect of pH 4.5 on C. ljungdahlii and C. autoethanogenum growth and ethanol/acetate production. Keywords: second-generation biofuel, biomass, renewable energy, syngas fermentation, continuous fermentation, two-stage fermentation, Clostridium ljungdahlii, Clostridium autoethanogenum, ethanol, acetate, 2,3 butanediol, carbon monoxide, mass transfer.
Book Synopsis Optimizing the Biological Production of Ethanol from Carbon Monoxide Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii by : Gowrisankar Sathanandam
Download or read book Optimizing the Biological Production of Ethanol from Carbon Monoxide Using Clostridium Ljungdahlii written by Gowrisankar Sathanandam and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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