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Author : Theodore Roosevelt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Biological Analogies in History written by Theodore Roosevelt and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip Steadman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134062346
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)
Download or read book The Evolution of Designs written by Philip Steadman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Evolution of Designs tells the history of the many analogies that have been made, since the end of the eighteenth century, between the evolution of organisms and the human production of artefacts – especially buildings.
Author : Theodore Roosevelt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Biological Analogies in History written by Theodore Roosevelt and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lily E. Kay
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804734172
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (341 download)
Download or read book Who Wrote the Book of Life? written by Lily E. Kay and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a detailed history of one of the most important and dramatic episodes in modern science, recounted from the novel vantage point of the dawn of the information age and its impact on representations of nature, heredity, and society. Drawing on archives, published sources, and interviews, the author situates work on the genetic code (1953-70) within the history of life science, the rise of communication technosciences (cybernetics, information theory, and computers), the intersection of molecular biology with cryptanalysis and linguistics, and the social history of postwar Europe and the United States. Kay draws out the historical specificity in the process by which the central biological problem of DNA-based protein synthesis came to be metaphorically represented as an information code and a writing technologyand consequently as a book of life. This molecular writing and reading is part of the cultural production of the Nuclear Age, its power amplified by the centuries-old theistic resonance of the book of life metaphor. Yet, as the author points out, these are just metaphors: analogies, not ontologies. Necessary and productive as they have been, they have their epistemological limitations. Deploying analyses of language, cryptology, and information theory, the author persuasively argues that, technically speaking, the genetic code is not a code, DNA is not a language, and the genome is not an information system (objections voiced by experts as early as the 1950s). Thus her historical reconstruction and analyses also serve as a critique of the new genomic biopower. Genomic textuality has become a fact of life, a metaphor literalized, she claims, as human genome projects promise new levels of control over life through the meta-level of information: control of the word (the DNA sequences) and its editing and rewriting. But the author shows how the humbling limits of these scriptural metaphors also pose a challenge to the textual and material mastery of the genomic book of life.
Author : John Z Wee
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004356770
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)
Download or read book The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine written by John Z Wee and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine explores how analogy and metaphor illuminate and shape conceptions about the human body and disease, through 11 case studies from ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman medicine. Topics address the role of analogy and metaphor as features of medical culture and theory, while questioning their naturalness and inevitability, their limits, their situation between the descriptive and the prescriptive, and complexities in their portrayal as a mutually intelligible medium for communication and consensus among users.
Author : Sune Holm
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351212230
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)
Download or read book Philosophical Perspectives on the Engineering Approach in Biology written by Sune Holm and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-06-07 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical Perspectives on the Engineering Approach in Biology provides a philosophical examination of what has been called the most powerful metaphor in biology: The machine metaphor. The chapters collected in this volume discuss the idea that living systems can be understood through the lens of engineering methods and machine metaphors from both historical, theoretical, and practical perspectives. In their contributions the authors examine questions about scientific explanation and methodology, the interrelationship between science and engineering, and the impact that the use of engineering metaphors in science may have for bioethics and science communication, such as the worry that its wide application reinforces public misconceptions of the nature of new biotechnology and biological life. The book also contains an introduction that describes the rise of the machine analogy and the many ways in which it plays a central role in fundamental debates about e.g. design, adaptation, and reductionism in the philosophy of biology. The book will be useful as a core reading for professionals as well as graduate and undergraduate students in courses of philosophy of science and for life scientists taking courses in philosophy of science and bioethics.
Author : Javier Fernández-Sebastián
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 0429756097
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Key Metaphors for History written by Javier Fernández-Sebastián and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-03 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book casts a fresh look at what to date has been a relatively unexplored question: the enormous value and usefulness of the metaphor in the understanding and writing of history (and at the historical culture reflected by these metaphors). Mapping a wide range of tropes present in historiography and public discourse, the book identifies some of the key metaphorical resources employed by historians, politicians, and journalists to represent time, history, memory, the past, the present, and the future and examines a selection of analytical concepts of a temporal nature, built upon unmistakeably metaphorical foundations, such as modernity, event, process, revolution, crisis, progress, decline, or transition. The analysis of these and other pillars on which modern history has been built, whether as a philosophy of history, as an academic discipline, or as a set of events, will interest graduates and scholars dealing with the historical and social sciences and the humanities in general. Key Metaphors for History offers a broad overview of historiography and historiosophy, from an unfrequented point of view, halfway between conceptual history, theory of history and metaphorology. Moreover, it constitutes a form of self-reflection of the historian on his or her own positionality when researching and writing history.
Author : George Basalla
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316101584
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (161 download)
Download or read book The Evolution of Technology written by George Basalla and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-02-24 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an evolutionary theory of technological change based upon recent scholarship in the history of technology and upon relevant material drawn from economic history and anthropology. It challenges the popular notion that technology advances by the efforts of a few heroic individuals who produce a series of revolutionary inventions owing little or nothing to the technological past. Therefore, the book's argument is shaped by analogies taken selectively from the theory of organic evolution, and not from the theory and practice of political revolution. Three themes appear, and reappear with variations, throughout the study. The first is diversity: an acknowledgment of the vast numbers of different kinds of made things (artifacts) that have long been available to humanity; the second is necessity: the belief that humans are driven to invent new artifacts in order to meet basic biological requirements such as food, shelter, and defense; and the third is technological evolution: an organic analogy that explains both the emergence of novel artifacts and their subsequent selection by society for incorporation into its material life without invoking either biological necessity or technological progress. Although the book is not intended to provide a strict chronological account of the development of technology, historical examples - including many of the major achievements of Western technology: the waterwheel, the printing press, the steam engine, automobiles and trucks, and the transistor - are used extensively to support its theoretical framework. The Evolution of Techology will be of interest to all readers seeking to learn how and why technology changes, including both students and specialists in the history of technology and science.
Author : Richard Dawkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780192860927
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (69 download)
Download or read book The Selfish Gene written by Richard Dawkins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1989 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science need not be dull and bogged down by jargon, as Richard Dawkins proves in this entertaining look at evolution. The themes he takes up are the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinshiptheory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences. 'Should be read, can be read by almost anyone. It describes with great skill a new face of the theory of evolution.' W.D. Hamilton, Science
Author : Sarah Franklin
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822378256
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Biological Relatives written by Sarah Franklin and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty-five years after its initial success as a form of technologically assisted human reproduction, and five million miracle babies later, in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become a routine procedure worldwide. In Biological Relatives, Sarah Franklin explores how the normalization of IVF has changed how both technology and biology are understood. Drawing on anthropology, feminist theory, and science studies, Franklin charts the evolution of IVF from an experimental research technique into a global technological platform used for a wide variety of applications, including genetic diagnosis, livestock breeding, cloning, and stem cell research. She contends that despite its ubiquity, IVF remains a highly paradoxical technology that confirms the relative and contingent nature of biology while creating new biological relatives. Using IVF as a lens, Franklin presents a bold and lucid thesis linking technologies of gender and sex to reproductive biomedicine, contemporary bioinnovation, and the future of kinship.
Author : Enrico Coen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691149674
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Cells to Civilizations written by Enrico Coen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling investigation into the relationships between our biological past and cultural progress, "Cells to Civilizations" presents a remarkable story of living change.
Author : David E. Leary
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521421522
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (215 download)
Download or read book Metaphors in the History of Psychology written by David E. Leary and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-07-29 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing that psychologists and their predecessors have invariably relied on metaphors in articulation, the contributors to this volume offer a new "key" to understanding a critically important area of human knowledge by specifying the major metaphors.
Author : John M. Ziman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521542173
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Technological Innovation as an Evolutionary Process written by John M. Ziman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-09-18 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-breaking yet non-technical analysis of the analogy that technological artefacts 'evolve' like biological organisms.
Author : George Christopher Williams
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691185506
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Adaptation and Natural Selection written by George Christopher Williams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological evolution is a fact—but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. When Adaptation and Natural Selection was first published in 1966, it struck a powerful blow against those who argued for the concept of group selection—the idea that evolution acts to select entire species rather than individuals. Williams’s famous work in favor of simple Darwinism over group selection has become a classic of science literature, valued for its thorough and convincing argument and its relevance to many fields outside of biology. Now with a new foreword by Richard Dawkins, Adaptation and Natural Selection is an essential text for understanding the nature of scientific debate.
Author : Marion Blute
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139485113
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Darwinian Sociocultural Evolution written by Marion Blute and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social scientists can learn a lot from evolutionary biology - from systematics and principles of evolutionary ecology to theories of social interaction including competition, conflict and cooperation, as well as niche construction, complexity, eco-evo-devo, and the role of the individual in evolutionary processes. Darwinian sociocultural evolutionary theory applies the logic of Darwinism to social-learning based cultural and social change. With a multidisciplinary approach for graduate biologists, philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists, social psychologists, archaeologists, linguists, economists, political scientists and science and technology specialists, the author presents this model of evolution drawing on a number of sophisticated aspects of biological evolutionary theory. The approach brings together a broad and inclusive theoretical framework for understanding the social sciences which addresses many of the dilemmas at their forefront - the relationship between history and necessity, conflict and cooperation, the ideal and the material and the problems of agency, subjectivity and the nature of social structure.
Author : Allan D. Breck
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468416952
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Biology, History, and Natural Philosophy written by Allan D. Breck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world that peers over the brink of disaster more often than not it is difficult to find specific assignments for the scholarly community. One speaks of peace and brotherhood only to realize that for many the only real hope of making a contribution may seem to be in a field of scientific specialization seemingly irrelevant to social causes and problems. Yet the history of man since the beginnings of science in the days of the Greeks does not support this gloomy thesis. Time and again we have seen science precipitate social trends or changes in the humanistic beliefs that have a significant effect on the scientific community. Not infrequently the theoretical scientist, triggered by society's changing goals and understandings, finds ultimate satisfaction in the work of his colleagues in engineering and the other applied fields. Thus the major debate in mid-nineteenth century in which the evidence of natural history and geology at variance with the Biblical feats provided not only courage to a timid Darwin but the kind of audience that was needed to fit his theories into the broad public dialogue on these topics. The impact of "Darwinism" was felt far beyond the scientific community. It affected social thought, upset religious certainties and greatly affected the teaching of science.
Author : Devin Griffiths
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421420775
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)
Download or read book The Age of Analogy written by Devin Griffiths and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2016-10-28 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did literature shape nineteenth-century science? Erasmus Darwin and his grandson, Charles, were the two most important evolutionary theorists of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain. Although their ideas and methods differed, both Darwins were prolific and inventive writers: Erasmus composed several epic poems and scientific treatises, while Charles is renowned both for his collected journals (now titled The Voyage of the Beagle) and for his masterpiece, The Origin of Species. In The Age of Analogy, Devin Griffiths argues that the Darwins’ writing style was profoundly influenced by the poets, novelists, and historians of their era. The Darwins, like other scientists of the time, labored to refashion contemporary literary models into a new mode of narrative analysis that could address the contingent world disclosed by contemporary natural science. By employing vivid language and experimenting with a variety of different genres, these writers gave rise to a new relational study of antiquity, or “comparative historicism,” that emerged outside of traditional histories. It flourished instead in literary forms like the realist novel and the elegy, as well as in natural histories that explored the continuity between past and present forms of life. Nurtured by imaginative cross-disciplinary descriptions of the past—from the historical fiction of Sir Walter Scott and George Eliot to the poetry of Alfred Tennyson—this novel understanding of history fashioned new theories of natural transformation, encouraged a fresh investment in social history, and explained our intuition that environment shapes daily life. Drawing on a wide range of archival evidence and contemporary models of scientific and literary networks, The Age of Analogy explores the critical role analogies play within historical and scientific thinking. Griffiths also presents readers with a new theory of analogy that emphasizes language's power to foster insight into nature and human society. The first comparative treatment of the Darwins’ theories of history and their profound contribution to the study of both natural and human systems, this book will fascinate students and scholars of nineteenth-century British literature and the history of science.
