Bio Based Polymeric Foam From Soybean Oil And Carbon Dioxide

Download Bio Based Polymeric Foam From Soybean Oil And Carbon Dioxide full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Bio Based Polymeric Foam From Soybean Oil And Carbon Dioxide ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Bio-based Polymeric Foam from Soybean Oil and Carbon Dioxide

Author : Laetitia Mary Bonnaillie
Publisher : ProQuest
ISBN 13 : 9780549388036
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (88 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-based Polymeric Foam from Soybean Oil and Carbon Dioxide by : Laetitia Mary Bonnaillie

Download or read book Bio-based Polymeric Foam from Soybean Oil and Carbon Dioxide written by Laetitia Mary Bonnaillie and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric foams are complex gas/liquid/solid composite materials with variable density and numerous advantages over bulk polymers. Raw materials currently being foamed are principally petroleum-based. Research seeking new bio-based polymeric foams has developed biobased polyurethane foams from plant-oil triglyceride polyols, whose properties compare to that of petroleum-based insulating foams, and biodegradable starch foams, for use in the packaging industry. The goal of this dissertation is to develop a new type of biobased foam from plant oil that is both stronger and more resilient than starch foam and with a higher bio-content than biobased polyurethane foam. Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) possesses a wide range of properties depending on its level of functionality, and was chosen in this work to design resilient, rigid polymeric foams with a high bio-content. During free-radical polymerization, AESO forms a cross-linked, thermosetting polymer network. Carbon dioxide has a high solubility in plant oils and was chosen as the blowing agent for AESO foam. We designed a new foaming process inspired by commercial foaming processes and modified for the AESO/CO 2 system. The monomer was saturated with CO 2 under pressure. Then, extracting the mixture through a heater triggered simultaneous foam expansion and polymerization. The architecture of cured foams showed strong dependency on the foaming procedure and process parameters (timing, pressures, temperatures). We targeted the production of solid foams with a homogeneous, small-celled structure, that confers better physical and mechanical properties. The aging behavior of liquid AESO/CO 2 foam revealed the mechanisms of cell growth and degradation before cure. During foam cure, conflicting interests between polymerization kinetics and foam integrity presented the major design difficulties. The process parameters and foaming procedure were optimized to produce foam with increased homogeneity, smaller cells, and lower density, and strong, semi-rigid thermoset foams with a bio-content superior to 80% were successfully obtained. These foams are good candidates for applications such as foam-core sandwich panels and tissue-scaffolds. Our new foaming process may also be applied to other triglyceride-based monomers and customized according to monomer functionality and desired foam architecture. Biobased foams with various densities, cellular structure, and mechanical properties may be produced.

Bio-Based Polymers and Composites

Author : Richard Wool
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080454348
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-Based Polymers and Composites by : Richard Wool

Download or read book Bio-Based Polymers and Composites written by Richard Wool and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-30 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Based Polymers and Composites is the first book systematically describing the green engineering, chemistry and manufacture of biobased polymers and composites derived from plants. This book gives a thorough introduction to bio-based material resources, availability, sustainability, biobased polymer formation, extraction and refining technologies, and the need for integrated research and multi-disciplinary working teams. It provides an in-depth description of adhesives, resins, plastics, and composites derived from plant oils, proteins, starches, and natural fibers in terms of structures, properties, manufacturing, and product performance. This is an excellent book for scientists, engineers, graduate students and industrial researchers in the field of bio-based materials.* First book describing the utilization of crops to make high performance plastics, adhesives, and composites* Interdisciplinary approach to the subject, integrating genetic engineering, plant science, food science, chemistry, physics, nano-technology, and composite manufacturing.* Explains how to make green materials at low cost from soyoil, proteins, starch, natural fibers, recycled newspapers, chicken feathers and waste agricultural by-products.

Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites

Author : Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527823611
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites by : Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai

Download or read book Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites written by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-art overview on bioepoxy polymers as well as their blends and composites -- covering all aspects from fundamentals to applications! Bioepoxy polymers is an emerging area and have attracted more and more attention due to their biodegradability and good thermo-mechanical performance. In recent years, research progress has been made in synthesis, processing, characterization, and applications of bioepoxy blends and composites. Bioepoxy polymers are very promising candidates to replace the traditional thermosetting nonbiodegradable polymers. Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends and Composites summaries recent research progress on bioepoxy polymers as well as their blends and composites. It covers aspects from synthesis, processing, various characterization techniques to broad spectrum of applications. It provides a correlation of physical properties with macro, micro and nanostructures of the materials. Moreover, research trends, future directions, and opportunities are also discussed. Attracts attention: Bioepoxy polymers are environmentally friendly and considered as a promising candidate to replace the traditional thermosetting nonbiodegradable polymers Highly application-oriented: Bioepoxy polymers can be used in a broad range of applications such as polymer foams, construction, aerospace, automobiles, self-healing systems One-stop reference: Covers all aspects of bioepoxy polymer, their blends and composites, such as synthesis, properties, processing, characterization and applications Broad audience: Attracts attention from both academia and industry

Biodegradable and Biobased Polymers for Environmental and Biomedical Applications

Author : Susheel Kalia
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119117356
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Biodegradable and Biobased Polymers for Environmental and Biomedical Applications by : Susheel Kalia

Download or read book Biodegradable and Biobased Polymers for Environmental and Biomedical Applications written by Susheel Kalia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume incorporates 13 contributions from renowned experts from the relevant research fields that are related biodegradable and biobased polymers and their environmental and biomedical applications. Specifically, the book highlights: Developments in polyhydroxyalkanoates applications in agriculture, biodegradable packaging material and biomedical field like drug delivery systems, implants, tissue engineering and scaffolds The synthesis and elaboration of cellulose microfibrils from sisal fibres for high performance engineering applications in various sectors such as the automotive and aerospace industries, or for building and construction The different classes and chemical modifications of tannins Electro-activity and applications of Jatropha latex and seed The synthesis, properties and applications of poly(lactic acid) The synthesis, processing and properties of poly(butylene succinate), its copolymers, composites and nanocomposites The different routes for preparation polymers from vegetable oil and the effects of reinforcement and nano-reinforcement on the physical properties of such biobased polymers The different types of modified drug delivery systems together with the concept of the drug delivery matrix for controlled release of drugs and for antitumor drugs The use of nanocellulose as sustainable adsorbents for the removal of water pollutants mainly heavy metal ions, organic molecules, dyes, oil and CO2 The main extraction techniques, structure, properties and different chemical modifications of lignins Proteins and nucleic acids based biopolymers The role of tamarind seed polysaccharide-based multiple-unit systems in sustained drug release

Soybean

Author : Minobu Kasai
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789853737
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Soybean by : Minobu Kasai

Download or read book Soybean written by Minobu Kasai and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-02-20 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are important for a permanent ecosystem, because in the ecological pyramid plants support all the other living organisms at the base. Very important organization is thought to be the integral process of resource, transport, partitioning, metabolism, and production, which involves yield, biomass, and productivity in plants. Accordingly, it is important to obtain more information about the knowledge concerning yield, biomass, and productivity in plants. Soybean is one of the main crops largely contributing to our life, which is thought to be connected to our ecosystem through the above-mentioned integral process. This book focuses on the soybean, and reviews and research concerning the yield, biomass, and productivity of soybean are presented herein. This text updates the book published in 2017. Although there are many difficulties, the main aim of this book is to present a basis for the above-mentioned integral processes of resource, transport, partitioning, metabolism, and production, which involves yield, biomass, and productivity in plants (soybean), and to understand what supports this basis and the integral process. It is hoped that this and the preceding book will be essential reads.

Bio-Based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites

Author : Samy Madbouly
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0323371280
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-Based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites by : Samy Madbouly

Download or read book Bio-Based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites written by Samy Madbouly and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites provides engineers and materials scientists a useful framework to help take advantage of the latest research conducted in this rapidly advancing field—enabling them to develop and commercialize their own products quickly and more successfully. Plant oil is one of the most attractive options as a substitute for non-renewable resources in polymers and composites, and is producing materials with very promising thermomechanical properties relative to traditional, petroleum-based polymers. In addition to critical processing and characterization information, the book assists engineers in deciding whether or not they should use a plant oil-based polymer over a petroleum-based polymer, discussing sustainability concerns, biodegradability, associated costs, and recommended applications. The book details the advancements in the development of polymeric materials and composites from plant oils, and provides a critical review of current applications in various fields, including packaging, biomedical, and automotive applications. Also includes the latest progress in developing multifunctional biobased polymers—by increasing thermal conductivity or adding antibacterial properties, for example. - Essential coverage of processing, characterization, and the latest research into polymeric materials and composites derived from plant oils (thermoplastics, thermosets, nanocomposites, and fiber reinforced composites) - Critically reviews the potential applications of plant oil-based polymers, including sensors, structural parts, medical devices, and automotive interiors - Includes the latest developments in multifunctional bio-based polymer composites

The Chemistry of Bio-based Polymers

Author : Johannes Karl Fink
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119681316
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Bio-based Polymers by : Johannes Karl Fink

Download or read book The Chemistry of Bio-based Polymers written by Johannes Karl Fink and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent explosion of interdisciplinary research has fragmented the knowledge base surrounding renewable polymers. The Chemistry of Bio-based Polymers 2nd edition brings together, in one volume, the research and work of Professor Johannes Fink, focusing on biopolymers that can be synthesized from renewable polymers. After introducing general aspects of the field, the book’s subsequent chapters examine the chemistry of biodegradable polymeric types sorted by their chemical compounds, including the synthesis of low molecular compounds. Various categories of biopolymers are detailed including vinyl-based polymers, acid and lactone polymers, ester and amide polymers, carbohydrate-related polymers and others. Procedures for the preparation of biopolymers and biodegradable nanocomposites are arranged by chemical methods and in vitro biological methods, with discussion of the issue of “plastics from bacteria.” The factors influencing the degradation and biodegradation of polymers used in food packaging, exposed to various environments, are detailed at length. The book covers the medical applications of bio-based polymers, concentrating on controlled drug delivery, temporary prostheses, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Professor Fink also addresses renewable resources for fabricating biofuels and argues for localized biorefineries, as biomass feedstocks are more efficiently handled locally.

Polymeric Foams

Author : José Ignacio Velasco
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039216325
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Polymeric Foams by : José Ignacio Velasco

Download or read book Polymeric Foams written by José Ignacio Velasco and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in nanotechnology have boosted the development of more efficient materials, with emerging sectors (electronics, energy, aerospace, etc.) demanding novel materials to fulfill the complex technical requirements of their products. This is the case of polymeric foams, which may display good structural properties alongside functional characteristics through a complex composition and (micro)structure in which a gas phase is combined with rigid ones, mainly based on nanoparticles, dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. In recent years, there has been an important impulse in the development of nanocomposite foams, extending the concept of nanocomposites to the field of cellular materials. This, alongside developments in new advanced foaming technologies which have allowed the generation of foams with micro, sub-micro, and even nanocellular structures, has extended the applications of more traditional foams in terms of weight reduction, damping, and thermal and/or acoustic insulation to novel possibilities, such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. This Special Issue, which consists of a total of 22 articles, including one review article written by research groups of experts in the field, considers recent research on novel polymer-based foams in all their aspects: design, composition, processing and fabrication, microstructure, characterization and analysis, applications and service behavior, recycling and reuse, etc.

Sustainable Composites

Author : Anil N. Netravali
Publisher : DEStech Publications, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1605951110
Total Pages : 567 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (59 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Sustainable Composites by : Anil N. Netravali

Download or read book Sustainable Composites written by Anil N. Netravali and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive introduction to composites from natural and recycled biomaterialsCovers fabrication, mechanical analysis and modeling of green compositesNew ideas for cost-effective alternative matrices, fibers and additivesApplications to construction, automotive, and civil engineering An important contribution to the evolution of composites technology, this book is a systematic investigation of how natural biomaterials are used to create cost-effective and environmentally sound composites for commercial use. The book shows how a wide range of plant- and animal-based materials are integrated into the design and fabrication of matrices and reinforcements for polymeric and other types of composites. In addition, a focus is placed on modeling and mechanical analyses of biobased composites, providing valuable data on their performance. Sustainable composites are shown to be viable alternatives for manufactured components in automotive, civil engineering and construction applications.

Polymer Gels

Author : Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811060800
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Polymer Gels by : Vijay Kumar Thakur

Download or read book Polymer Gels written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the recent advances in the science and engineering of polymer-gel-based materials in different fields. It also discusses the extensive research developments for the next generation of smart materials. It takes an in-depth look at the current perspectives and market opportunities while pointing to new possibilities and applications. The book addresses important topics such as stimuli responsive polymeric nanoparticles for cancer therapy; polymer gel containing metallic materials; chemotherapeutic applications in oncology; conducting polymer-based gels and their applications in biological sensors; imprinted polymeric gels for pharmaceutical and biomedical purposes; applications of biopolymeric gels in the agricultural sector; application of polymer gels and their nanocomposites in electrochemistry; smart polyelectrolyte gels as a platform for biomedical applications; agro-based polymer gels and their application in purification of industrial water wastes; polymer gel composites for bio-applications. It will be of interest to researchers working in both industry and academia.

Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes

Author : Yebo Li
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319215396
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes by : Yebo Li

Download or read book Bio-based Polyols and Polyurethanes written by Yebo Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief outlines the most recent advances in the production of polyols and polyurethanes from renewable resources, mainly vegetable oils, lignocellulosic biomass, starch, and protein. The typical processes for the production of polyols from each of the above mentioned feedstocks are introduced and the properties of the resultant polyols and polyurethanes are also discussed.

Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials

Author : Yuan Hu
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323907725
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials by : Yuan Hu

Download or read book Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials written by Yuan Hu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials provides a comprehensive overview of flame retardants derived directly and indirectly from plant sources, drawing on cutting-edge research and covering preparation methods, testing and evaluation techniques, enhanced properties, and end applications. Chapters introduce bio-based materials in the context of additives for flame retardancy, explaining fundamentals and testing methods and analyzing synthetic approaches and the potential advantages of pursuing a bio-based approach. This is followed by detailed coverage of bio-based retardants, with each chapter covering a specific source and guiding the reader systematically through preparation techniques, evaluation methods, properties and applications. Throughout the book, the latest progress in the field is critically reviewed, and there is a continual emphasis on novel approaches to achieve enhanced properties and performant materials. This is an essential guide for all those with an interest in innovative, sustainable flame retardant additives for polymeric materials, including researchers, scientists, advanced students, and more. - Explains innovative techniques for the preparation of bio-based flame retardant mechanisms, analyzing properties, performance and applications - Offers in-depth coverage of a range of sources, including cellulose, lignin, cardanol, chitosan, eugenol, vanillin, furan, alginate and vegetable oils - Presents the latest advances in the field, serving as a novel resource to advanced students, researchers and R&D professionals in academia and industry

Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites

Author : Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527346481
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites by : Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai

Download or read book Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends, and Composites written by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-26 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-art overview on bioepoxy polymers as well as their blends and composites -- covering all aspects from fundamentals to applications! Bioepoxy polymers is an emerging area and have attracted more and more attention due to their biodegradability and good thermo-mechanical performance. In recent years, research progress has been made in synthesis, processing, characterization, and applications of bioepoxy blends and composites. Bioepoxy polymers are very promising candidates to replace the traditional thermosetting nonbiodegradable polymers. Bio-Based Epoxy Polymers, Blends and Composites summaries recent research progress on bioepoxy polymers as well as their blends and composites. It covers aspects from synthesis, processing, various characterization techniques to broad spectrum of applications. It provides a correlation of physical properties with macro, micro and nanostructures of the materials. Moreover, research trends, future directions, and opportunities are also discussed. Attracts attention: Bioepoxy polymers are environmentally friendly and considered as a promising candidate to replace the traditional thermosetting nonbiodegradable polymers Highly application-oriented: Bioepoxy polymers can be used in a broad range of applications such as polymer foams, construction, aerospace, automobiles, self-healing systems One-stop reference: Covers all aspects of bioepoxy polymer, their blends and composites, such as synthesis, properties, processing, characterization and applications Broad audience: Attracts attention from both academia and industry

Foaming with Supercritical Fluids

Author : Ernesto Di Maio
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444637362
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Foaming with Supercritical Fluids by : Ernesto Di Maio

Download or read book Foaming with Supercritical Fluids written by Ernesto Di Maio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foaming with Supercritical Fluids, Volume Nine provides a comprehensive description of the use of supercritical fluids as blowing agents in polymer foaming. To this aim, the fundamental issues on which the proper design and control of this process are rooted are discussed in detail, with specific attention devoted to the theoretical and experimental aspects of sorption thermodynamics of a blowing agent within a polymer, the effect of the absorbed blowing agent on the thermal, interfacial and rheological properties of the expanding matter, and the phase separation of the gaseous phase, and of the related bubble nucleation and growth phenomena. Several foaming technologies based on the use of supercritical blowing agents are then described, addressing the main issues in the light of the underlying chemical-physical phenomena. - Offers strong fundamentals on polymer properties important on foaming - Outlines the use of supercritical fluids for foaming - Covers theoretical points-of-view, including foam formation of the polymer/gas solution to the setting of the final foam - Discusses the several processing technologies and applications

Biofoams

Author : Salvatore Iannace
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780367783365
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (833 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Biofoams by : Salvatore Iannace

Download or read book Biofoams written by Salvatore Iannace and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-31 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for students, professors, and professionals, this book covers biofoams and porous systems. Topics include bio-based polymers for the development of biodegradable and sustainable polymeric foams, foams in food, foams in biomedical applications, biohybrids and bio-inspired cellular and porous systems for lightweight, smart, and multifuncti

Green Composites from Natural Resources

Author : Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466570695
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Green Composites from Natural Resources by : Vijay Kumar Thakur

Download or read book Green Composites from Natural Resources written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global awareness of environmental issues has resulted in the emergence of economically and environmentally friendly bio-based materials free from the traditional side effects of synthetics. This book delivers an overview of the advancements made in the development of natural biorenewable resources-based materials, including processing methods and potential applications in green composites. Biorenewable polymers are a special class of natural material found in nature, such as natural fibers, wheat straw, rice husk, and saw dust. In addition to offering renewable feedstocks, natural biorenewable materials are compostable, recyclable, edible, and more energy efficient to process than plastic. Green Composites from Natural Resources covers various kinds of cellulosic biofibers, such as: hemp fibers jute saccaharum cilliare fibers pine needles grewia optiva fibers sisal fibers eulaliopsis binata flax fibers coconut fibers eulaliopsis binata baggase fibers rice husk saw dust wood flour straw With scopes for the utilization of natural resources-based materials as potential replacements for traditional petroleum feedstocks on the rise, more scientists and researchers are exploring new composite materials based on biorenewable resources. This book provides information on more eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives to synthetic polymers and discusses the present state and growing utility of green materials from natural resources.

Sustainable Lignin Polymer Foaming Using High Pressure Carbon Dioxide

Author : Razan Altarabeen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Sustainable Lignin Polymer Foaming Using High Pressure Carbon Dioxide by : Razan Altarabeen

Download or read book Sustainable Lignin Polymer Foaming Using High Pressure Carbon Dioxide written by Razan Altarabeen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biobased Polylactic (PLA) foams are cellular materials with distinctive characteristics namely its good biocompatibility and biodegradability, enabled it to be incorporated in various applications such as food packaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering scaffolds.[1] However, the low melt strength and low crystallization rate of PLA negatively affect cell growth causing non-uniform cellular structure and cell collapse[2]. Natural organic fibers such as lignin present an effective method that can significantly improve the crystallization kinetics of PLA and provide nucleation sites[3][2]. Conventionally, the foaming of polymeric blends is obtained by the addition of a chemical or physical blowing agents; the chemical agent does not give a good control of the porosity and also implies the presence of residues while the physical agents such as chlorofluorocarbons are known for their contribution to the depletion of the ozone layer. The recent focus has been steered into the use of carbon dioxide (CO2) as it offers lower operating condition, relative ease of handle and additionally acts as plasticizer due to its solubility in molten polymers [4] However complete understanding of the CO2 foaming process, particularly nucleation, is lacking [5] This research aims to gain complete understanding of the lignin PLA foaming process using CO2. To accomplish this goal, the experimental work is divided into two main parts: the experimental work in the first part focuses on investigating the foaming behavior of various extruded lignin PLA blends with lignin percentages of 10-30 wt %, The foaming is done via Batch CO2 and compared to other blowing agents foaming such as sodium bicarbonate and microspheres. The lignin PLA foams are then characterized by their cellular structure, volume expansion ratio and density. The second part investigates lignin PLA extrusion process coupled with continuous CO2 foaming; where CO2 acts as a solvent for the molten polymeric blend in the extruder barrel and reaches saturation, thermodynamic instability later introduced by lowering pressure which leads to nucleation at the extruder die [6]. The solubility of CO2 in the lignin PLA blend and its influence on the nucleation mechanism is thoroughly studied as the key point, which can possibly permit a control over the pore generation and growth of the lignin PLA foam by varying the operating conditions.