Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Binary Tense
Download Binary Tense full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Binary Tense ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author :H. J. Verkuyl Publisher :Center for the Study of Language and Information Publica Tion ISBN 13 :9781575865645 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (656 download)
Download or read book Binary Tense written by H. J. Verkuyl and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publica Tion. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite shortcomings in Reichenbach’s model of tense, it has been the standard introduction for most linguists working on English, German, and Dutch since 1947. Binary Tense surpasses that model by reviving ideas that preceded it by almost a century. Instead of the 3×3 matrix used in the standard model, Henk J. Verkuyl presents a 2×2×2 approach that can be applied to a wider variety of languages, including Chinese, Georgian, and Spanish. This binary approach sheds light on the difference between imperfect and imperfective, the matching of tenses in complex sentences, and many other aspects of linguistics.
Book Synopsis Tense, Aspect and Action by : Carl Bache
Download or read book Tense, Aspect and Action written by Carl Bache and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on language universals and research on linguistic typology are not antagonistic, but rather complementary approaches to the same fundamental problem: the relationship between the amazing diversity of languages and the profound unity of language. Only if the true extent of typological divergence is recognized can universal laws be formulated. In recent years it has become more and more evident that a broad range of languages of radically different types must be carefully analyzed before general theories are possible. Typological comparison of this kind is now at the centre of linguistic research. The series empirical approaches to language typology presents a platform for contributions of all kinds to this rapidly developing field. The distinctive feature of the series is its markedly empirical orientation. All conclusions to be reached are the result of a deepened study of empirical data. General problems are focused on from the perspective of individual languages, language families, language groups, or language samples. Special emphasis is given to the analysis of phenomena from little known languages, which shed new light on long-standing problems in general linguistics. The series is open to contributions from different theoretical persuasions. It thus reflects the methodological pluralism that characterizes the present situation. Care is taken that all volumes be accessible to every linguist and, moreover, to every reader specializing in some domain related to human language. A deeper understanding of human language in general, based on a detailed analysis of typological diversity among individual languages, is fundamental for many sciences, not only for linguists. Therefore, this series has proven to be indispensable in every research library, be it public or private, which has a specialization in language and the language sciences. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.
Download or read book Tense written by Bernard Comrie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1985-06-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bernard Comrie introduces readers to the range of variation found in tense systems across the languages of the world.
Book Synopsis The Compositional Nature of Tense, Mood and Aspect: Volume 167 by : Henk J. Verkuyl
Download or read book The Compositional Nature of Tense, Mood and Aspect: Volume 167 written by Henk J. Verkuyl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-14 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together fifty years' worth of cross-linguistic research, this pioneering monograph explores the complex interaction between tense, mood and aspect. It looks at the long way of combining elementary semantic units at the bottom of phrase structure up to and including the top of a sentence. Rejecting ternary tense as blocking compositionality, it introduces three levels obtained by binary tense oppositions. It also counters an outdated view on motion by assuming that change is not expressed as having an inherent goal but rather as dynamic interaction between different number systems that allows us to package information into countable and continuous units. It formally identifies the central role of a verb in a variety of argument structures and integrates adverbial modifiers into the compositional structure at different tense levels of phrase structure. This unique contribution to the field will be essential reading for advanced students and researchers in the syntax-semantics interface.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Tense and Aspect by : Robert I. Binnick
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Tense and Aspect written by Robert I. Binnick and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 1128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook is a comprehensive, authoritative, and accessible guide to the topics and theories that current form the front line of research into tense, aspect, and related areas.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Event Structure by : Robert Truswell
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Event Structure written by Robert Truswell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook deals with research into the nature of events, and how we use language to describe events. The study of event structure over the past 60 years has been one of the most successful areas of lexical semantics, uniting insights from morphology and syntax, lexical and compositional semantics, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence to develop insightful theories of events and event descriptions. This volume provides accessible introductions to major topics and ongoing debates in event structure research, exploring what events are, how we perceive them, how we reason with them, and the role they play in the organization of grammar and discourse. The chapters are divided into four parts: the first covers metaphysical issues related to events; the second is concerned with the relationship between event structure and grammar; the third is a series of crosslinguistic case studies; and the fourth deals with links to cognitive science and artificial intelligence more broadly. The book is strongly interdisciplinary in nature, with insights from linguistics, philosophy, psychology, cognitive science, and computer science, and will appeal to a wide range of researchers and students from advanced undergraduate level upwards.
Book Synopsis Challenging Change by : Biljana Mišić Ilić
Download or read book Challenging Change written by Biljana Mišić Ilić and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04-25 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, Challenging Change: Literary and Linguistic Responses, is a collection of twenty-three articles which examine change – understood in the broadest sense – as the need of the modern man to redefine, revise, deconstruct and reconstruct previous theories, histories, moralities, social relationships, forms of language and language use. In these times of great change, when the only constant seems to be change itself, the authors of these essays respond to the challenge and approach the notion of change from the perspectives of literary studies and linguistics. The book opens with an introductory overview, followed by twenty-three articles divided into two sections. The authors of the articles come from Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, the United States, Canada, Japan, and Norway.
Book Synopsis Aspect and the Categorization of States by : David Brian Roby
Download or read book Aspect and the Categorization of States written by David Brian Roby and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11-19 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the Spanish copulae ser and estar are argued to be aspectual morphemes. Their binary opposition reflects the universal aspectual values [±Perfective], which are the same ones overtly expressed by the preterite and imperfect past tense forms in Spanish. It can therefore be shown that different types of states, just like different types of events, can be categorized based on their aspectual composition. Additionally, the inherent semantic differences between events and states can be accounted for by analyzing aspect as applying to events internally and to states externally. A useful resource for the beginning linguist as well as the most seasoned analyst, this work is written in language that is easy to understand while remaining faithful to all of the appropriate relevant technical terminology. Anyone who is seriously interested in exploring why the Spanish verbs ser and estar are used the way they are should read this book.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Time by : Craig Callender
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Time written by Craig Callender and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the study of time has flourished in the physical and human sciences, the philosophy of time has come into its own as a lively and diverse area of academic research. Philosophers investigate not just the metaphysics of time, and our experience and representation of time, but the role of time in ethics and action, and philosophical issues in the sciences of time, especially with regard to quantum mechanics and relativity theory. This Handbook presents twenty-three specially written essays by leading figures in their fields: it is the first comprehensive collaborative study of the philosophy of time, and will set the agenda for future work.
Book Synopsis Tense and Aspect in Bantu by : Derek Nurse
Download or read book Tense and Aspect in Bantu written by Derek Nurse and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-07-03 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Nurse looks at variations in the form and function of tense and aspect in Bantu, a branch of Niger-Congo, the world's largest language phylum. Bantu languages are spoken in central, eastern, and southern sub-Saharan Africa south of a line between Nigeria and Somalia. By current estimates there are between 250 and 600 of them, as yet neither adequately classified nor fully described. Professor Nurse's account is based on data from more than 200 Bantu languages and varieties, a representative sample of which is freely available on the publisher's website. He devotes substantial chapters to the analysis and comparison of the different tense and aspect systems found in Bantu. He also examines the verbal categories with which they interact, including negation and focus. Synchronic and diachronic perspectives are interwoven throughout the book. Following a brief history of Bantu over the last five thousand years, the final two chapters look systematically at the history of tense and aspect in Bantu. The first deals with the reconstruction of the earlier forms from which contemporary structures, morphemes, and categories are derived, and the second with the processes of change, including grammaticalization, by means of which older analytical structures and independent lexical items moved as they became incorporated as grammatical inflections and categories.
Book Synopsis Arabic Verbs in Time by : John C. Eisele
Download or read book Arabic Verbs in Time written by John C. Eisele and published by Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. This book was released on 1999 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German by : Michael Jessen
Download or read book Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German written by Michael Jessen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowing that the so-called voiced and voiceless stops in languages like English and German do not always literally differ in voicing, several linguists — among them Roman Jakobson — have proposed that dichotomies such as fortis/lenis or tense/lax might be more suitable to capture the invariant phonetic core of this distinction. Later it became the dominant view that voice onset time or laryngeal features are more reasonable alternatives. However, based on a number of facts and arguments from current phonetics and phonology this book claims that the Jakobsonian feature tense was rejected prematurely. Among the theoretical aspects addressed, it is argued that an acoustic definition of distinctive features best captures the functional aspects of speech communication, while it is also discussed how the conclusions are relevant for formal accounts, such as feature geometry. The invariant of tense is proposed to be durational, and its ‘basic correlate’ is proposed to be aspiration duration. It is shown that tense and voice differ in their invariant properties and basic correlates, but that they share a number of other correlates, including F0 onset and closure duration. In their stop systems languages constitute a typology between the selection of voice and tense, but in their fricative systems languages universally tend towards a syncretism involving voicing and tenseness together. Though the proposals made here are intended to have general validity, the emphasis is on German. As part of this focus, an acoustic study and a transillumination study of the realization of /p,t,k,f,s/ vs. /b,d,g,v,z/ in German are presented.
Book Synopsis Logic, Language, and Computation by : Balder D. ten Cate
Download or read book Logic, Language, and Computation written by Balder D. ten Cate and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited in collaboration with FoLLI, the Association of Logic, Language and Information, this book represents the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 6th International Tbilisi Symposium on Logic, Language, and Computation, TbiLLC 2005, held in Batumi, Georgia. The 19 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous presentations at the symposium. The papers present current research in all aspects of linguistics, logic and computation.
Download or read book Tense, Mood and Aspect written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of articles dealing with theoretical issues in the study of tense, mood and aspect, as well as with specific semantic and syntactic problems raised by linguistic expressions dedicated to these domains across a variety of languages. Through these papers, strong variations are explored, but also crosslinguistic convergences are investigated. Numerous phenomena so far often left aside in linguistics are described and enlightened by different scientific standpoints, which they serve to illustrate. The languages investigated in this volume include Germanic languages (Dutch, English, German), Romance (French, Catalan, Italian), Slavic (Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Russian), Greek, and non-indoeuropean languages such as Thai, Digo and Kikuyu. Related topics such as grammaticalization, presuppositions, questions in dialogue, illocutionary acts and acquisition are incidentally called upon in order to shed light from the outside onto tense, mood (and modality) and aspect. This volume is of great interest for all scholars engaged in contemporary research on the linguistic expression of tense, mood and aspect. The papers gathered in this volume are a tight selection of the ones that were presented at the 6th Chronos colloquium.
Book Synopsis Tense, Attitudes, and Scope by : T. Ogihara
Download or read book Tense, Attitudes, and Scope written by T. Ogihara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tense, Attitudes, and Scope is a model-theoretic inquiry into the semantics of tense in natural language. The book presents the view that the semantic contribution of tense is made in relation to structurally higher expressions (the `relative tense theory') and argues against the view that tenses are all indexicals. This idea is formally encoded as a de se analysis of attitudes, originally proposed by Lewis, coupled with a sequence-of-tense rule posited for English. An auxiliary proposal is made to account for some exceptional cases (e.g. so-called double-access sentences), which invokes de re attitudes about temporal entities (states or intervals). Since the proposed account assumes that the interpretation of tense is structure-dependent, it also correctly predicts scope interactions between tenses and NPs. Tense, Attitudes, and Scope is intended for scholars and graduate students in formal semantics, syntax-semantics interface, philosophy of language and Japanese linguistics.
Book Synopsis Tense and Aspect in Indo-European Languages by : John Hewson
Download or read book Tense and Aspect in Indo-European Languages written by John Hewson and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph presents a general picture of the evolution of IE verbal systems within a coherent cognitive framework. The work encompasses all the language families of the IE phylum, from prehistory to present day languages. Inspired by the ideas of Roman Jakobson and Gustave Guillaume the authors relate tense and aspect to underlying cognitive processes, and show that verbal systems have a staged development of time representations (chronogenesis). They view linguistic change as systemic and trace the evolution of the earliest tense systems by (a) aspectual split and (b) aspectual merger from the original aspectual contrasts of PIE, the evidence for such systemic change showing clearly in the paradigmatic morphology of the daughter languages. The nineteen chapters cover first the ancient documentation, then those families whose historical data are from a more recent date. The last chapters deal with the systemic evolution of languages that are descended from ancient forbears such as Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin, and are completed by a chapter on the practical and theoretical conclusions of the work.
Download or read book Analysing English Sentences written by and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
