Beyond the Latino World War II Hero

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Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292774524
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the Latino World War II Hero by : Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez

Download or read book Beyond the Latino World War II Hero written by Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez ’s edited volume Mexican Americans & World War II brought pivotal stories from the shadows, contributing to the growing acknowledgment of Mexican American patriotism as a meaningful force within the Greatest Generation. In this latest anthology, Rivas-Rodríguez and historian Emilio Zamora team up with scholars from various disciplines to add new insights. Beyond the Latino World War II Hero focuses on home-front issues and government relations, delving into new arenas of research and incorporating stirring oral histories. These recollections highlight realities such as post-traumatic stress disorder and its effects on veterans’ families, as well as Mexican American women of this era, whose fighting spirit inspired their daughters to participate in Chicana/o activism of the 1960s and 1970s. Other topics include the importance of radio as a powerful medium during the war and postwar periods, the participation of Mexican nationals in World War II, and intergovernmental negotiations involving Mexico and Puerto Rico. Addressing the complexity of the Latino war experience, such as the tandem between the frontline and the disruption of the agricultural migrant stream on the home front, the authors and contributors unite diverse perspectives to harness the rich resources of an invaluable oral history.

Latina/os and World War II

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Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292758634
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Latina/os and World War II by : Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez

Download or read book Latina/os and World War II written by Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eye-opening anthology documents the effects of WWII on Latina/o personal and political beliefs across a broad spectrum of ethnicities and races. The first book-length study of Latina/o experiences in World War II over a wide spectrum of identities and ancestries—from Cuban American, Spanish American, and Mexican American segments to the under-studied Afro-Latino experience—Latina/os and World War II probes the controversial aspects of Latina/o soldiering and citizenship in the war, the repercussions of which defined the West during the twentieth century. The editors also offer a revised, more accurate tabulation of the number of Latina/os who served in the war. Spanning imaginative productions, such as vaudeville and the masculinity of the soldado razo theatrical performances; military segregation and the postwar lives of veterans; Tejanas on the homefront; journalism and youth activism; and other underreported aspects of the wartime experience, the essays collected in this volume showcase rarely seen recollections. Whether living in Florida in a transformed community or deployed far from home (including Mexican Americans who were forced to endure the Bataan Death March), the men and women depicted in this collection yield a multidisciplinary, metacritical inquiry. The result is a study that challenges celebratory accounts and deepens the level of scholarly inquiry into the realm of ideological mobility for a unique cultural crossroads. Taking this complex history beyond the realm of war narratives, Latina/os and World War II situates these chapters within the broader themes of identity and social change that continue to reverberate in postcolonial lives.

Beyond the Latino World War II Hero

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Author :
Publisher : Univ of TX + ORM
ISBN 13 : 0292793413
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the Latino World War II Hero by : Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez

Download or read book Beyond the Latino World War II Hero written by Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez and published by Univ of TX + ORM. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez ’s edited volume Mexican Americans & World War II brought pivotal stories from the shadows, contributing to the growing acknowledgment of Mexican American patriotism as a meaningful force within the Greatest Generation. In this latest anthology, Rivas-Rodríguez and historian Emilio Zamora team up with scholars from various disciplines to add new insights. Beyond the Latino World War II Hero focuses on home-front issues and government relations, delving into new arenas of research and incorporating stirring oral histories. These recollections highlight realities such as post-traumatic stress disorder and its effects on veterans’ families, as well as Mexican American women of this era, whose fighting spirit inspired their daughters to participate in Chicana/o activism of the 1960s and 1970s. Other topics include the importance of radio as a powerful medium during the war and postwar periods, the participation of Mexican nationals in World War II, and intergovernmental negotiations involving Mexico and Puerto Rico. Addressing the complexity of the Latino war experience, such as the tandem between the frontline and the disruption of the agricultural migrant stream on the home front, the authors and contributors unite diverse perspectives to harness the rich resources of an invaluable oral history.

Mexican Americans and World War II

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Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 9780292706811
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Mexican Americans and World War II by : Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez

Download or read book Mexican Americans and World War II written by Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2005-04-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable book and the first significant scholarship on Mexican Americans in World War II. Up to 750,000 Mexican American men served in World War II, earning more Medals of Honor and other decorations in proportion to their numbers than any other ethnic group.

Latina/os and World War II

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Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292756259
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Latina/os and World War II by : Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez

Download or read book Latina/os and World War II written by Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eye-opening anthology documents, for the first time, the effects of World War II on Latina/o personal and political beliefs across a broad spectrum of ethnicities and races within the Latina/o identity.

Patriots from the Barrio

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Publisher : Westholme Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781594163289
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Patriots from the Barrio by : Dave Gutierrez

Download or read book Patriots from the Barrio written by Dave Gutierrez and published by Westholme Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Named One of the 24 Best History Books of All Time by Book Riot The Inspiring True Story of a Segregated Unit Whose Exploits Underscore the Forgotten Latino Contribution to the Allied Victory in World War II As a child, Dave Gutierrez hung on every word his father recalled about his cousin Ramon, "El Sancudo" (the mosquito), and his service in World War II, where he earned a Silver Star, three Purple Hearts, and escaped from the Germans twice. Later, Dave decided to find out more about his father's cousin, and in the course of his research he discovered that Ramon Gutierrez was a member of Company E, 141st Infantry, a part of the 36th "Texas" Division that was comprised entirely of Mexican Americans--the only such unit in the entire U.S. Army. The division landed at Salerno, Italy, in 1943, among first American soldiers to set foot in Europe. In the ensuing months, Company E and the rest of the 36th would battle their way up the mountainous Italian peninsula against some of Nazi Germany's best troops. In addition to the merciless rain, mud, and jagged peaks, swift cold rivers crisscrossed the region, including the Rapido, where Company E would face its greatest challenge. In an infamous episode, the 36th Division was ordered to cross the Rapido despite reports that the opposite bank was heavily defended. In the ensuing debacle, the division was ripped apart, and Company E sustained appalling casualties. The company rebounded and made the storied landings at Anzio and ultimately invaded southern France for a final push into Germany. The men of Company E distinguished themselves as rugged fighters capable of warring amid the rubble of destroyed villages and in the devastated countryside. Based on extensive archival research and veteran and family accounts, Patriots from the Barrio: The Story of Company E, 141st Infantry: The Only All Mexican American Army Unit in World War II brings to life the soldiers whose service should never have gone unrecognized for so long. With its memorable personalities, stories of hope and immigration, and riveting battle scenes, this beautifully written book is a testament to the shared beliefs of all who have fought for the ideals of the American flag.

Texas and Texans in World War II

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Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
ISBN 13 : 1623499704
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (234 download)

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Book Synopsis Texas and Texans in World War II by : Christopher B. Bean

Download or read book Texas and Texans in World War II written by Christopher B. Bean and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-24 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Texans in World War II offers an informative look at the challenges and changes faced by Texans on the home front during the Second World War. This collection of essays by leading scholars of Texas history covers topics from the African American and Tejano experience to organized labor, from the expanding opportunities for women to the importance of oil and agriculture. Texans in World War II makes local the frequently studied social history of wartime, bringing it home to Texas. An eye-opening read for Texans eager to learn more about this defining era in their state’s history, this book will also prove deeply informative for scholars, students, and general readers seeking detailed, definitive information about World War II and its implications for daily life, economic growth, and social and political change in the Lone Star State.

Latina/os and World War II

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Author :
Publisher : Univ of TX + ORM
ISBN 13 : 0292758626
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Latina/os and World War II by : Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez

Download or read book Latina/os and World War II written by Maggie Rivas-Rodríguez and published by Univ of TX + ORM. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eye-opening anthology documents the effects of WWII on Latina/o personal and political beliefs across a broad spectrum of ethnicities and races. The first book-length study of Latina/o experiences in World War II over a wide spectrum of identities and ancestries—from Cuban American, Spanish American, and Mexican American segments to the under-studied Afro-Latino experience—Latina/os and World War II probes the controversial aspects of Latina/o soldiering and citizenship in the war, the repercussions of which defined the West during the twentieth century. The editors also offer a revised, more accurate tabulation of the number of Latina/os who served in the war. Spanning imaginative productions, such as vaudeville and the masculinity of the soldado razo theatrical performances; military segregation and the postwar lives of veterans; Tejanas on the homefront; journalism and youth activism; and other underreported aspects of the wartime experience, the essays collected in this volume showcase rarely seen recollections. Whether living in Florida in a transformed community or deployed far from home (including Mexican Americans who were forced to endure the Bataan Death March), the men and women depicted in this collection yield a multidisciplinary, metacritical inquiry. The result is a study that challenges celebratory accounts and deepens the level of scholarly inquiry into the realm of ideological mobility for a unique cultural crossroads. Taking this complex history beyond the realm of war narratives, Latina/os and World War II situates these chapters within the broader themes of identity and social change that continue to reverberate in postcolonial lives.

The World War I Diary of José de la Luz Sáenz

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Author :
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
ISBN 13 : 1623491134
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (234 download)

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Book Synopsis The World War I Diary of José de la Luz Sáenz by : J. Luz Sáenz

Download or read book The World War I Diary of José de la Luz Sáenz written by J. Luz Sáenz and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-18 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “I am home, safe and sound, and reviewing all these memories as if in a dream. All of this pleases me. I have been faithful to my duty.” Thus José de la Luz Sáenz ends his account of his military service in France and Germany in 1918. Published in Spanish in 1933, his annotated book of diary entries and letters recounts not only his own war experiences but also those of his fellow Mexican Americans. A skilled and dedicated teacher in South Texas before and after the war, Sáenz’s patriotism, his keen observation of the discrimination he and his friends faced both at home and in the field, and his unwavering dedication to the cause of equality have for years made this book a valuable resource for scholars, though only ten copies are known to exist and it has never before been available in English. Equally clear in these pages are the astute reflections and fierce pride that spurred Sáenz and others to pursue the postwar organization of the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC). This English edition of one of only two known war diaries of a Mexican American in the Great War is translated with an introduction and annotation by noted Mexican American historian Emilio Zamora.

Mexican Waves

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Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816540578
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Mexican Waves by : Sonia Robles

Download or read book Mexican Waves written by Sonia Robles and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexican Waves is the fascinating history of how borderlands radio stations shaped the identity of an entire region as they addressed the needs of the local population and fluidly reached across borders to the United States. In so doing, radio stations created a new market of borderlands consumers and worked both within and outside the constraints of Mexican and U.S. laws. Historian Sonia Robles examines the transnational business practices of Mexican radio entrepreneurs between the Golden Age of radio and the early years of television history. Intersecting Mexican history and diaspora studies with communications studies, this book explains how Mexican radio entrepreneurs targeted the Mexican population in the United States decades before U.S. advertising agencies realized the value of the Spanish-language market. Robles’s robust transnational research weaves together histories of technology, performance, entrepreneurship, and business into a single story. Examining the programming of northern Mexican commercial radio stations, the book shows how radio stations from Tijuana to Matamoros courted Spanish-language listeners in the U.S. Southwest and local Mexican audiences between 1930 and 1950. Robles deftly demonstrates Mexico’s role in creating the borderlands, adding texture and depth to the story. Scholars and students of radio, Spanish-language media in the United States, communication studies, Mexican history, and border studies will see how Mexican radio shaped the region’s development and how transnational listening communities used broadcast media’s unique programming to carve out a place for themselves as consumers and citizens of Mexico and the United States.

Blowout!

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Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807877913
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Blowout! by : Mario T. García

Download or read book Blowout! written by Mario T. García and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2011-03-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 1968, thousands of Chicano students walked out of their East Los Angeles high schools and middle schools to protest decades of inferior and discriminatory education in the so-called "Mexican Schools." During these historic walkouts, or "blowouts," the students were led by Sal Castro, a courageous and charismatic Mexican American teacher who encouraged the students to make their grievances public after school administrators and school board members failed to listen to them. The resulting blowouts sparked the beginning of the urban Chicano Movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s, the largest and most widespread civil rights protests by Mexican Americans in U.S. history. This fascinating testimonio, or oral history, transcribed and presented in Castro's voice by historian Mario T. Garcia, is a compelling, highly readable narrative of a young boy growing up in Los Angeles who made history by his leadership in the blowouts and in his career as a dedicated and committed teacher. Blowout! fills a major void in the history of the civil rights and Chicano movements of the 1960s, particularly the struggle for educational justice.

Redeeming La Raza

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019991415X
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Redeeming La Raza by : Gabriela González

Download or read book Redeeming La Raza written by Gabriela González and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transborder modernization of Mexico and the American Southwest during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries transformed the lives of ethnic Mexicans across the political divide. While industrialization, urbanization, technology, privatization, and wealth concentration benefitted some, many more experienced dislocation, exploitative work relations, and discrimination based on race, gender, and class. The Mexican Revolution brought these issues to the fore within Mexican society, igniting a diaspora to el norte. Within the United States, similar economic and social power dynamics plagued Tejanos and awaited the war refugees. Political activism spearheaded by individuals and organizations such as the Idars, Leonor Villegas' de Magnón's White Cross, the Magonista movement, the Munguias, Emma Tenayuca, and LULAC emerged in the borderlands to address the needs of ethnic Mexicans whose lives were shaped by racism, patriarchy, and poverty. As Gabriela Gonzalez shows in this book, economic modernization relied on social hierarchies that were used to justify economic inequities. Redeeming la raza was about saving ethnic Mexicans in Texas from a social hierarchy premised on false notions of white supremacy and Mexican inferiority. Activists used privileges of class, education, networks, and organizational skills to confront the many injustices that racism bred, but they used different strategies. Thus, the anarcho-syndicalist approach of Magónistas stands in contrast to the social and cultural redemption politics of the Idars who used the press to challenge a Jaime Crow world. Also, the family promoted the intellectual, material, and cultural uplift of la raza, working to combat negative stereotypes of ethnic Mexicans. Similar contrasts can be drawn between the labor activism of Emma Tenayuca and the Munguias, whose struggle for rights employed a politics of respectability that encouraged ethnic pride and unity. Finally, maternal feminist approaches and the politics of citizenship serve as reminders that gendered and nationalist rhetoric and practices foment hierarchies within civil and human rights organizations. Redeeming La Raza examines efforts of activists to create a dignified place for ethnic Mexicans in American society by challenging white supremacy and the segregated world it spawned.

A Promising Problem

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Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477309039
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis A Promising Problem by : Carlos Kevin Blanton

Download or read book A Promising Problem written by Carlos Kevin Blanton and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chicana/o history has reached an intriguing juncture. While academic and intellectual studies are embracing new, highly nuanced perspectives on race, class, gender, education, identity, and community, the field itself continues to be viewed as a battleground, subject to attacks from outside academia by those who claim that the discipline promotes racial hatred and anti-Americanism. Against a backdrop of deportations and voter suppression targeting Latinos, A Promising Problem presents the optimistic voices of scholars who call for sophisticated solutions while embracing transnationalism and the reality of multiple, overlapping identities. Showcasing a variety of new directions, this anthology spans topics such as growth and reassessment in Chicana/o history manifested in a disruption of nationalism and geographic essentialism, the impact of legal history, interracial relations and the experiences of Latino subpopulations in the US South, race and the politics of religious history, transborder feminism in the early twentieth century, and aspirations for a field that increasingly demonstrates the relational dynamics of cultural production. As they reflect on the state of their field, the contributors offer significant insights into sociology, psychology, anthropology, political science, education, and literature, while tracing the history of activism throughout the last century and debating the very concepts of “Chicano” and “Chicano history.” Although the political landscape is fraught with closed-off rhetoric, A Promising Problem encourages diversity of thought and opens the possibilities of historical imagination.

Beyond El Barrio

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Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814768008
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond El Barrio by : Adrian Burgos

Download or read book Beyond El Barrio written by Adrian Burgos and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2010-10-24 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freighted with meaning, “el barrio” is both place and metaphor for Latino populations in the United States. Though it has symbolized both marginalization and robust and empowered communities, the construct of el barrio has often reproduced static understandings of Latino life; they fail to account for recent demographic shifts in urban centers such as New York, Chicago, Miami, and Los Angeles, and in areas outside of these historic communities. Beyond El Barrio features new scholarship that critically interrogates how Latinos are portrayed in media, public policy and popular culture, as well as the material conditions in which different Latina/o groups build meaningful communities both within and across national affiliations. Drawing from history, media studies, cultural studies, and anthropology, the contributors illustrate how despite the hypervisibility of Latinos and Latin American immigrants in recent political debates and popular culture, the daily lives of America’s new “majority minority” remain largely invisible and mischaracterized. Taken together, these essays provide analyses that not only defy stubborn stereotypes, but also present novel narratives of Latina/o communities that do not fit within recognizable categories. In this way, this book helps us to move “beyond el barrio”: beyond stereotype and stigmatizing tropes, as well as nostalgic and uncritical portraits of complex and heterogeneous range of Latina/o lives.

Among the Valiant

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Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 178720328X
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Among the Valiant by : Raul Morin

Download or read book Among the Valiant written by Raul Morin and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1963, this book by Raul Morin, who served in the 79th Infantry Division of the U.S. Army, was the first book to chronicle in detail the heroics of the Mexican-American soldier during World War II and Korea. It also provides information about the Chicano Medal of Honor recipients during these wars. The book is a tribute to all American fighting men, “be they white, red, black, yellow, or brown. We feel just as proud of the Colin Kellys, the Dobbie Millers, and the Sadio Munemoris as we are of the Martinez’, Garcias and Rodriguez’.”

George I. Sánchez

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300210426
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis George I. Sánchez by : Carlos Kevin Blanton

Download or read book George I. Sánchez written by Carlos Kevin Blanton and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: George I. Sánchez was a reformer, activist, and intellectual, and one of the most influential members of the "Mexican American Generation" (1930–1960). A professor of education at the University of Texas from the beginning of World War II until the early 1970s, Sánchez was an outspoken proponent of integration and assimilation. He spent his life combating racial prejudice while working with such organizations as the ACLU and LULAC in the fight to improve educational and political opportunities for Mexican Americans. Yet his fervor was not always appreciated by those for whom he advocated, and some of his more unpopular stands made him a polarizing figure within the Latino community. Carlos Blanton has published the first biography of this complex man of notable contradictions. The author honors Sánchez’s efforts, hitherto mostly unrecognized, in the struggle for equal opportunity, while not shying away from his subject’s personal faults and foibles. The result is a long-overdue portrait of a towering figure in mid-twentieth-century America and the all-important cause to which he dedicated his life: Mexican American integration.

Listening to Rosita

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Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806153210
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Listening to Rosita by : Mary Ann Villarreal

Download or read book Listening to Rosita written by Mary Ann Villarreal and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everybody in the bar had to drop a quarter in the jukebox or be shamed by “Momo” Villarreal. It wasn’t about the money, Mary Ann Villarreal’s grandmother insisted. It was about the music—more songs for all the patrons of the Pecan Lounge in Tivoli, Texas. But for Mary Ann, whose schoolbooks those quarters bought, the money didn’t hurt. When as an adult Villarreal began to wonder how the few recordings of women singers made their way into that jukebox, questions about the money seemed inseparable from those about the music. In Listening to Rosita, Villarreal seeks answers by pursuing the story of a small group of Tejana singers and entrepreneurs in Corpus Christi, Houston, and San Antonio—the “Texas Triangle”—during the mid-twentieth century. Ultimately she recovers a social world and cultural landscape in central south Texas where Mexican American women negotiated the shifting boundaries of race and economics to assert a public presence. Drawing on oral history, interviews, and insights from ethnic and gender studies, Listening to Rosita provides a counternarrative to previous research on la música tejana, which has focused almost solely on musicians or musical genres. Villarreal instead chronicles women’s roles and contributions to the music industry. In spotlighting the sixty-year singing career of San Antonian Rosita Fernández, the author pulls the curtain back on all the women whose names and stories have been glaringly absent from the ethnic and economic history of Tejana music and culture. In this oral history of the Tejana cantantes who performed and owned businesses in the Texas Triangle, Listening to Rosita shows how ethnic Mexican entrepreneurs developed a unique identity in striving for success in a society that demeaned and segregated them. In telling their story, this book supplies a critical chapter long missing from the history of the West.