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The Work of the Future

Author : David H. Autor
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262367742
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Work of the Future by : David H. Autor

Download or read book The Work of the Future written by David H. Autor and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the United States lags behind other industrialized countries in sharing the benefits of innovation with workers and how we can remedy the problem. The United States has too many low-quality, low-wage jobs. Every country has its share, but those in the United States are especially poorly paid and often without benefits. Meanwhile, overall productivity increases steadily and new technology has transformed large parts of the economy, enhancing the skills and paychecks of higher paid knowledge workers. What’s wrong with this picture? Why have so many workers benefited so little from decades of growth? The Work of the Future shows that technology is neither the problem nor the solution. We can build better jobs if we create institutions that leverage technological innovation and also support workers though long cycles of technological transformation. Building on findings from the multiyear MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, the book argues that we must foster institutional innovations that complement technological change. Skills programs that emphasize work-based and hybrid learning (in person and online), for example, empower workers to become and remain productive in a continuously evolving workplace. Industries fueled by new technology that augments workers can supply good jobs, and federal investment in R&D can help make these industries worker-friendly. We must act to ensure that the labor market of the future offers benefits, opportunity, and a measure of economic security to all.

Where Bad Jobs Are Better

Author : Francoise Carre
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448707
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Where Bad Jobs Are Better by : Francoise Carre

Download or read book Where Bad Jobs Are Better written by Francoise Carre and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retail is now the largest employer in the United States. For the most part, retail jobs are “bad jobs” characterized by low wages, unpredictable work schedules, and few opportunities for advancement. However, labor experts Françoise Carré and Chris Tilly show that these conditions are not inevitable. In Where Bad Jobs Are Better, they investigate retail work across different industries and seven countries to demonstrate that better retail jobs are not just possible, but already exist. By carefully analyzing the factors that lead to more desirable retail jobs, Where Bad Jobs Are Better charts a path to improving job quality for all low-wage jobs. In surveying retail work across the United States, Carré and Tilly find that the majority of retail workers receive low pay and nearly half work part-time, which contributes to high turnover and low productivity. Jobs staffed predominantly by women, such as grocery store cashiers, pay even less than retail jobs in male-dominated fields, such as consumer electronics. Yet, when comparing these jobs to similar positions in Western Europe, Carré and Tilly find surprising differences. In France, though supermarket cashiers perform essentially the same work as cashiers in the United States, they receive higher pay, are mostly full-time, and experience lower turnover and higher productivity. And unlike the United States, where many retail employees are subject to unpredictable schedules, in Germany, retailers are required by law to provide their employees notice of work schedules six months in advance. The authors show that disparities in job quality are largely the result of differing social norms and national institutions. For instance, weak labor regulations and the decline of unions in the United States have enabled retailers to cut labor costs aggressively in ways that depress wages and discourage full-time work. On the other hand, higher minimum wages, greater government regulation of work schedules, and stronger collective bargaining through unions and works councils have improved the quality of retail jobs in Europe. As retail and service work continue to expand, American employers and policymakers will have to decide the extent to which these jobs will be good or bad. Where Bad Jobs Are Better shows how stronger rules and regulations can improve the lives of retail workers and boost the quality of low-wage jobs across the board.

Good Jobs America

Author : Paul Osterman
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610447565
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Good Jobs America by : Paul Osterman

Download or read book Good Jobs America written by Paul Osterman and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America confronts a jobs crisis that has two faces. The first is obvious when we read the newspapers or talk with our friends and neighbors: there are simply not enough jobs to go around. The second jobs crisis is more subtle but no less serious: far too many jobs fall below the standard that most Americans would consider decent work. A quarter of working adults are trapped in jobs that do not provide living wages, health insurance, or much hope of upward mobility. The problem spans all races and ethnic groups and includes both native-born Americans and immigrants. But Good Jobs America provides examples from industries ranging from food services and retail to manufacturing and hospitals to demonstrate that bad jobs can be made into good ones. Paul Osterman and Beth Shulman make a rigorous argument that by enacting policies to help employers improve job quality we can create better jobs, and futures, for all workers. Good Jobs America dispels several myths about low-wage work and job quality. The book demonstrates that mobility out of the low-wage market is a chimera—far too many adults remain trapped in poor-quality jobs. Osterman and Shulman show that while education and training are important, policies aimed at improving earnings equality are essential to lifting workers out of poverty. The book also demolishes the myth that such policies would slow economic growth. The experiences of countries such as France, Germany, and the Netherlands, show that it is possible to mandate higher job standards while remaining competitive in international markets. Good Jobs America shows that both government and the firms that hire low-wage workers have important roles to play in improving the quality of low-wage jobs. Enforcement agencies might bolster the effectiveness of existing regulations by exerting pressure on parent companies, enabling effects to trickle down to the subsidiaries and sub-contractors where low-wage jobs are located. States like New York have already demonstrated that involving community and advocacy groups—such as immigrant rights organizations, social services agencies, and unions—in the enforcement process helps decrease workplace violations. And since better jobs reduce turnover and improve performance, career ladder programs within firms help create positions employees can aspire to. But in order for ladder programs to work, firms must also provide higher rungs—the career advancement opportunities workers need to get ahead. Low-wage employment occupies a significant share of the American labor market, but most of these jobs offer little and lead nowhere. Good Jobs America reappraises what we know about job quality and low-wage employment and makes a powerful argument for our obligation to help the most vulnerable workers. A core principle of U.S. society is that good jobs be made accessible to all. This book proposes that such a goal is possible if we are committed to realizing it.

Creating Good Jobs

Author : Paul Osterman
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262357372
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating Good Jobs by : Paul Osterman

Download or read book Creating Good Jobs written by Paul Osterman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts discuss improving job quality in low-wage industries including retail, residential construction, hospitals and long-term healthcare, restaurants, manufacturing, and long-haul trucking. Americans work harder and longer than our counterparts in other industrialized nations. Yet prosperity remains elusive to many. Workers in such low-wage industries as retail, restaurants, and home construction live from paycheck to paycheck, juggling multiple jobs with variable schedules, few benefits, and limited prospects for advancement. These bad outcomes are produced by a range of industry-specific factors, including intense competition, outsourcing and subcontracting, failure to enforce employment standards, overt discrimination, outmoded production and management systems, and inadequate worker voice. In this volume, experts look for ways to improve job quality in the low-wage sector. They offer in-depth examinations of specific industries—long-term healthcare, hospitals and outpatient care, retail, residential construction, restaurants, manufacturing, and long-haul trucking—that together account for more than half of all low-wage jobs. The book's sector view allows the contributors to address industry-specific variations that shape operational choices about work. Drawing on deep industry knowledge, they consider important distinctions within and between these industries; the financial, institutional, and structural incentives that shape the choices employers make; and what it would take to make more jobs better jobs. Contributors Eileen Appelbaum, Rosemary Batt, Dale Belman, Julie Brockman, Françoise Carré, Susan Helper, Matt Hinkel, Tashlin Lakhani, JaeEun Lee, Raphael Martins, Russell Ormiston, Paul Osterman, Can Ouyang, Chris Tilly, Steve Viscelli

Good Jobs, Bad Jobs

Author : Arne L. Kalleberg
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610447476
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Good Jobs, Bad Jobs by : Arne L. Kalleberg

Download or read book Good Jobs, Bad Jobs written by Arne L. Kalleberg and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic boom of the 1990s veiled a grim reality: in addition to the growing gap between rich and poor, the gap between good and bad quality jobs was also expanding. The postwar prosperity of the mid-twentieth century had enabled millions of American workers to join the middle class, but as author Arne L. Kalleberg shows, by the 1970s this upward movement had slowed, in part due to the steady disappearance of secure, well-paying industrial jobs. Ever since, precarious employment has been on the rise—paying low wages, offering few benefits, and with virtually no long-term security. Today, the polarization between workers with higher skill levels and those with low skills and low wages is more entrenched than ever. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs traces this trend to large-scale transformations in the American labor market and the changing demographics of low-wage workers. Kalleberg draws on nearly four decades of survey data, as well as his own research, to evaluate trends in U.S. job quality and suggest ways to improve American labor market practices and social policies. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs provides an insightful analysis of how and why precarious employment is gaining ground in the labor market and the role these developments have played in the decline of the middle class. Kalleberg shows that by the 1970s, government deregulation, global competition, and the rise of the service sector gained traction, while institutional protections for workers—such as unions and minimum-wage legislation—weakened. Together, these forces marked the end of postwar security for American workers. The composition of the labor force also changed significantly; the number of dual-earner families increased, as did the share of the workforce comprised of women, non-white, and immigrant workers. Of these groups, blacks, Latinos, and immigrants remain concentrated in the most precarious and low-quality jobs, with educational attainment being the leading indicator of who will earn the highest wages and experience the most job security and highest levels of autonomy and control over their jobs and schedules. Kalleberg demonstrates, however, that building a better safety net—increasing government responsibility for worker health care and retirement, as well as strengthening unions—can go a long way toward redressing the effects of today’s volatile labor market. There is every reason to expect that the growth of precarious jobs—which already make up a significant share of the American job market—will continue. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs deftly shows that the decline in U.S. job quality is not the result of fluctuations in the business cycle, but rather the result of economic restructuring and the disappearance of institutional protections for workers. Only government, employers and labor working together on long-term strategies—including an expanded safety net, strengthened legal protections, and better training opportunities—can help reverse this trend. A Volume in the American Sociological Association’s Rose Series in Sociology.

The Good Jobs Strategy

Author : Zeynep Ton
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN 13 : 0544114442
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis The Good Jobs Strategy by : Zeynep Ton

Download or read book The Good Jobs Strategy written by Zeynep Ton and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2014 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research-backed clarion call to CEOs and managers, making the controversial case that good, well-paying jobs are not only good for workers and for society--they're good for business, too.

Striving for Better Jobs

Author : Roberta Gatti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082139536X
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Striving for Better Jobs by : Roberta Gatti

Download or read book Striving for Better Jobs written by Roberta Gatti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-09-12 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While economic growth has been sustained for a number of years in many countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, this has not resulted in the creation of an adequate number of jobs and has succeeded, at best, in generating low-quality, informal jobs. While there is a great deal of heterogeneity across countries, informality in MENA is widespread, and some countries in the region are amongst the most informal economies in the world. The book looks at informality through a human development angle and focuses specifically on informal employment. In line with this approach, the working definition for informality adopted in the book is “lack of social security coverage” (usually understood as pensions, or if a pension system does not exist, as health insurance), which captures well the vulnerability associated with informal employment. Informal workers in MENA are generally engaged in low productivity jobs - more so than in comparator countries -, are paid less for otherwise similar work in the formal sector, and self-report low levels of satisfaction at work. Also, informal workers in MENA face important mobility barriers into formal employment and thus lack of social security coverage against health, unemployment, and old-age risks. Formal employment in the MENA region is strongly associated with public sector employment. Opportunities for formal employment in the private sector in the region remain very limited. The book identifies 5 strategic directions to promote long-term inclusive growth and formality, namely: (i) fostering competition; (ii) realigning incentives in the public sector; (iii) moving towards labor regulations that promote labor mobility and provide support to workers in periods of transition; (iv) enhancing the productivity of informal workers through training and skills upgrading; and (v) reforming existing social insurance systems and introduce new instruments for coverage extension. This book is addressed to policy makers, academics, and practitioners who wish to understand the phenomenon of informal employment, and policy options for promoting more inclusive and productive labor market opportunities.

Bullshit Jobs

Author : David Graeber
Publisher : Simon & Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501143336
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Bullshit Jobs by : David Graeber

Download or read book Bullshit Jobs written by David Graeber and published by Simon & Schuster. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From bestselling writer David Graeber—“a master of opening up thought and stimulating debate” (Slate)—a powerful argument against the rise of meaningless, unfulfilling jobs…and their consequences. Does your job make a meaningful contribution to the world? In the spring of 2013, David Graeber asked this question in a playful, provocative essay titled “On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs.” It went viral. After one million online views in seventeen different languages, people all over the world are still debating the answer. There are hordes of people—HR consultants, communication coordinators, telemarketing researchers, corporate lawyers—whose jobs are useless, and, tragically, they know it. These people are caught in bullshit jobs. Graeber explores one of society’s most vexing and deeply felt concerns, indicting among other villains a particular strain of finance capitalism that betrays ideals shared by thinkers ranging from Keynes to Lincoln. “Clever and charismatic” (The New Yorker), Bullshit Jobs gives individuals, corporations, and societies permission to undergo a shift in values, placing creative and caring work at the center of our culture. This book is for everyone who wants to turn their vocation back into an avocation and “a thought-provoking examination of our working lives” (Financial Times).

Better Jobs and Income Act, 1978

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Human Resources
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Better Jobs and Income Act, 1978 by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Human Resources

Download or read book Better Jobs and Income Act, 1978 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Human Resources and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The New Geography of Jobs

Author : Enrico Moretti
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN 13 : 0547750110
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (477 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Geography of Jobs by : Enrico Moretti

Download or read book The New Geography of Jobs written by Enrico Moretti and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2012 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Makes correlations between success and geography, explaining how such rising centers of innovation as San Francisco and Austin are likely to offer influential opportunities and shape the national and global economies in positive or detrimental ways.

Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264177337
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies by : OECD

Download or read book Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a strategy that will help countries reach the goal of having and making the best use of a high-quality pool of skills.

OECD Employment Outlook 2003 Towards More and Better Jobs

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264100628
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Employment Outlook 2003 Towards More and Better Jobs by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Employment Outlook 2003 Towards More and Better Jobs written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2003-09-17 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an annual assessment of labour market developments and prospects in the OECD area. This edition includes chapters on the labour mobilisation challenge, makng work pay, benefits and employment, and upgrading workers'skills. A Statistical Annex is provided.

Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal ? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries

Author : Jütting Johannes
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264059245
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal ? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries by : Jütting Johannes

Download or read book Development Centre Studies Is Informal Normal ? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries written by Jütting Johannes and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides evidence for policy makers on how to deal with informal employment in developing and developed countries alike.

Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives

Author : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives by : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

Download or read book Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives written by Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Better Pensions, Better Jobs

Author : Mariano Bosch
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 1597821780
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (978 download)

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Book Synopsis Better Pensions, Better Jobs by : Mariano Bosch

Download or read book Better Pensions, Better Jobs written by Mariano Bosch and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2013-10-16 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region has reduced its inequality and poverty, and is looking towards the future with greater optimism than in the past. As the region grows, new problems appear that economic policymakers must address. How to provide adequate pensions for the elderly is one such problem. This book offers an analysis of pension systems from the perspective of the functioning of the regions labor markets. It clarifies why, more than half a century after pension systems were created, only a minority of workers in the region save for their pension in the contributory systems through payroll taxes. The study points out that the problem lies not only in the lack of coverage, but also in the low level of benefits, even of contributory pensions. It argues that to design public policies for pensions, it is essential to understand the complex web of interactions between employers and workers that take place in the labor market.

English for Better Jobs

Author : Paul J. Hamel
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781536979329
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (793 download)

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Book Synopsis English for Better Jobs by : Paul J. Hamel

Download or read book English for Better Jobs written by Paul J. Hamel and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English for Better Jobs is a three-volume workbook series designed for adult English-as-Second-Language (ESL) learners who plan to enter the workforce. It presents the grammar, vocabulary, and language skills necessary for entry-level employment as well as getting along in an English-speaking environment. While students are learning basic English language skills in a mostly work-related context, they practice all four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This series does not focus on academic goals and interests. Workbook 1 has been designed for "launched beginners" who have been exposed to some English and have basic literacy skills. The workbooks are divided into chapters and units with common themes: a classroom, a work shop, a store, a party, and the like. Within each chapter, each unit carefully integrates grammatical structures with practical vocabulary and every-day expressions in useful situations. The series aims at simplicity. The simple, clear page design is in black and white with large type and simple cartoon illustrations that allow students to concentrate on the lesson rather than be overwhelmed with crowded and complicated page layouts that may distract. The illustrations are timeless and help minimize the use of outdated photos, fashions, and current events. Each page measures 8 1/2 by 11 inches and is ideal for making photo copies or when using an overhead projector. Detailed teaching notes provide step-by-step explanations on how to present the lessons. The workbook is designed to be used in tutoring situations or in small group instruction. However, it can be used with larger groups, too. Although most exercises are self-explanatory, teaching notes at the back of the workbook give suggestions for class presentations and additional activities.

More and Better Jobs in South Asia

Author : The World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821389130
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis More and Better Jobs in South Asia by : The World Bank

Download or read book More and Better Jobs in South Asia written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-12-20 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia has created nearly 800,000 jobs per month during the last decade. Robust economic growth in large parts of the region has created better jobs -- those that pay higher wages for wage workers and reduce poverty for the self-employed, the largest segment of the region s employed. Going forward, South Asia faces the enormous challenge of absorbing 1 to 1.2 million entrants to the labor force every month for the next two decades at rising levels of productivity. This calls for an agenda that cuts across sectors and includes improving the reliability of electricity supply for firms in both urban and rural settings, dealing decisively with issues of governance and corruption, making access to land easier for urban informal firms and strengthening transport links between rural firms and their markets. It requires improving nutrition in early childhood to avoid cognitive impairment, intensifying the focus on quality of learning in education systems, equipping workers with the skills that employers demand, and reorienting labor market regulations and programs to protect workers rather than jobs. The continuance of high economic growth to help improve job quality is not assured. But the region s demography can provide a favorable tailwind. The growth of workers exceeds that of dependents in much of the region. The resources saved from having fewer dependents can be shifted to high-priority investments in physical and human capital accumulation necessary to create productive jobs in countries with an enabling policy framework. But the demographic window of opportunity is open for only the next three decades, a fact which lends urgency to the reform agenda. This book will be of interest to policy makers, their advisers, researchers and students of economics who seek solutions, not only to the challenge of creating more and better jobs in South Asia but globally as well. It is the first title in South Asia Development Matters,a new series that will serve as a vehicle for in-depth synthesis of economic and policy analysis on key development topics for South Asia.