Measuring International Authority

Download Measuring International Authority PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198724497
Total Pages : 919 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Measuring International Authority by : Liesbet Hooghe

Download or read book Measuring International Authority written by Liesbet Hooghe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third of five ambitious volumes theorizing the structure of governance above and below the central state. This book is written for those interested in the character, causes, and consequences of governance within the state. This book sets out a measure of authority for seventy-six international organizations (IOs) from 1950, or the time of their establishment, to 2010 which can allow researchers to test expectations about the character, sources, and consequences of international governance. The international organizations considered are regional (e.g. the EU, Andean Community, NAFTA), cross-regional (e.g. Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation), and global (e.g. the UN, World Bank, WTO). Firstly, the book introduces carefully constructed estimates for the scope and depth of authority exercised by international governments. The estimates are unique in their comparative scope, their specificity, and time span. Secondly, it describes describe broad trends in IO authority by comparing delegation and pooling, over time, across IOs, and across decision areas. Thirdly, it presents the evidence gathered by the authors to estimate international authority by carefully discussing forty-seven international organizations, and showing how their bodies are composed, what decisions each body makes, and how they make decisions. Transformations in Governance is a major new academic book series from Oxford University Press. It is designed to accommodate the impressive growth of research in comparative politics, international relations, public policy, federalism, environmental and urban studies concerned with the dispersion of authority from central states up to supranational institutions, down to subnational governments, and side-ways to public-private networks. It brings together work that significantly advances our understanding of the organization, causes, and consequences of multilevel and complex governance. The series is selective, containing annually a small number of books of exceptionally high quality by leading and emerging scholars. The series targets mainly single-authored or co-authored work, but it is pluralistic in terms of disciplinary specialization, research design, method, and geographical scope. Case studies as well as comparative studies, historical as well as contemporary studies, and studies with a national, regional, or international focus are all central to its aims. Authors use qualitative, quantitative, formal modeling, or mixed methods. A trade mark of the books is that they combine scholarly rigour with readable prose and an attractive production style. The series is edited by Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and Walter Mattli of the University of Oxford.

Policing Cooperation Across Borders

Download Policing Cooperation Across Borders PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317079140
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Policing Cooperation Across Borders by : Saskia Hufnagel

Download or read book Policing Cooperation Across Borders written by Saskia Hufnagel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides new insights into police cooperation from a comparative socio-legal perspective. It presents a broad analysis of comparable police cooperation strategies in two systems: the EU and Australia. The evolution of regulatory trends and cooperation models is analysed for both systems and possible transferable strategies identified. Drawing on interviews with practitioners in the EU and Australia this book highlights a number of areas where the EU can be compared to a federal system and addresses the advantages and disadvantages of being a Union or a federation of states with a view to police cooperation practice. Particular topics addressed are the evolution of legal frameworks regulating police cooperation, informal cooperation strategies, Joint Investigation Teams, Europol and regional cooperation. These instruments foster police cooperation, but could be improved with a view to cooperation practice by learning from regulatory techniques and practitioner experiences of the respective other system.

NATO 2030

Download NATO 2030 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 1947661116
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (476 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis NATO 2030 by : Jason Blessing

Download or read book NATO 2030 written by Jason Blessing and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is the world’s largest, most powerful military alliance. The Alliance has navigated and survived the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the post-9/11 era. Since the release of the 2010 Strategic Concept, NATO’s strategic environment has again undergone significant change. The need to adapt is clear. An opportunity to assess the Alliance’s achievements and future goals has now emerged with the Secretary General’s drive to create a new Strategic Concept for the next decade—an initiative dubbed NATO 2030. A necessary step for formulating a new strategic outlook will thus be understanding the future that faces NATO. To remain relevant and adjust to new circumstances, the Alliance must identify its main challenges and opportunities in the next ten years and beyond. This book contributes to critical conversations on NATO’s future vitality by examining the Alliance’s most salient issues and by offering recommendations to ensure its effectiveness moving forward. Written by a diverse, multigenerational group of policymakers and academics from across Europe and the United States, this book provides new insights about NATO’s changing threat landscape, its shifting internal dynamics, and the evolution of warfare. The volume’s authors tackle a wide range of issues, including the challenges of Russia and China, democratic backsliding, burden sharing, the extension of warfare to space and cyberspace, partnerships, and public opinion. With rigorous assessments of NATO’s challenges and opportunities, each chapter provides concrete recommendations for the Alliance to chart a path for the future. As such, this book is an indispensable resource for NATO’s strategic planners and security and defense experts more broadly.

Perspectives on Business and Economics

Download Perspectives on Business and Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perspectives on Business and Economics by :

Download or read book Perspectives on Business and Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews: Belgium 2010

Download OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews: Belgium 2010 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264098267
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews: Belgium 2010 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews: Belgium 2010 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05-13 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee 2010 Peer Review of Belgium and the report of the Secretariat.

(Why) Do Neighbours Cooperate?

Download (Why) Do Neighbours Cooperate? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Verlag Barbara Budrich
ISBN 13 : 3863881842
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (638 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis (Why) Do Neighbours Cooperate? by : Ilze Ruse

Download or read book (Why) Do Neighbours Cooperate? written by Ilze Ruse and published by Verlag Barbara Budrich. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Negotiations in the European Union Council of Ministers are not only taking place within formal decision-making structures. Member states strive to find allies and coordinate their positions prior to formal negotiation meetings. They either create ad hoc coalitions to pool voting power or cooperate within more durable, institutionalised coalitions that traditionally form due to geographical proximity or among like-minded member states as task-specific coalitions on particular issues. Institutionalised coalitions bestow their members with a bargaining advantage even if they cannot generate enough voting weight to reach voting thresholds.

The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces

Download The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192507745
Total Pages : 997 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces by : Hugo Meijer

Download or read book The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces written by Hugo Meijer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 997 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armed forces of Europe have undergone a dramatic transformation since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces provides the first comprehensive analysis of national security and defence policies, strategies, doctrines, capabilities, and military operations, as well as the alliances and partnerships of European armed forces in response to the security challenges Europe has faced since the end of the cold war. A truly cross-European comparison of the evolution of national defence policies and armed forces remains a notable blind spot in the existing literature. The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces aims to fill this gap with fifty-one contributions on European defence and international security from around the world. The six parts focus on: country-based assessments of the evolution of the national defence policies of Europe's major, medium, and lesser powers since the end of the cold war; the alliances and security partnerships developed by European states to cooperate in the provision of national security; the security challenges faced by European states and their armed forces, ranging from interstate through intra-state and transnational; the national security strategies and doctrines developed in response to these challenges; the military capabilities, and the underlying defence and technological industrial base, brought to bear to support national strategies and doctrines; and, finally, the national or multilateral military operations by European armed forces. The contributions to The Handbook collectively demonstrate the fruitfulness of giving analytical precedence back to the comparative study of national defence policies and armed forces across Europe.

Global Trends 2040

Download Global Trends 2040 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Benelux cooperation now and beyond 2010

Download Benelux cooperation now and beyond 2010 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638679152
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (386 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Benelux cooperation now and beyond 2010 by : Marcus Hitzberger

Download or read book Benelux cooperation now and beyond 2010 written by Marcus Hitzberger and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, The Hague University (School for Higher European Studies), language: English, abstract: Mit dem Auslaufen des BWU-Vertrages im Jahr 2010 befinden sich die Benelux nun am Scheideweg und müssen sich mit der Frage auseinandersetzen, wie sie die zukünftigen legalen Rahmenbedingungen für ihre Zusammenarbeit gestalten wollen. Mehrere Punkte sind hier wesentlich: die veränderte Staatsform Belgiens, die Geschwindigkeit der europäischen Integration, die zukünftige Rolle der Benelux, deren Kernbereiche ihrer Zusammenarbeit, verstärkte politische Zusammenarbeit, etc. Der niederländische Außenminister Pieter Kooijmans bemerkte im Jahr 1994, dass „der Zug der Europäischen Union den LKW der Benelux eingeholt habe“, und meinte dass mittlerweile viele ursprüngliche Benelux Domänen auf Europaniveau exportiert wurden. Die Benelux müssen neuen Antrieb finden um die Funktion, die sie in den frühen Jahren europäischer Integration ausübten, erneut zu übernehmen. Deshalb ist es notwendig, den Benelux LKW in fünf Schritten zu frisieren um seine Vorreiterrolle zu sichern. Dies beinhaltet eine neue Karosserie (neue legale Rahmenbedingung), eine neue Lackierung (Sichtbarkeit), GPS (politische Führung), zusätzliche Achsen (Benelux Plus) und das wichtige Motor-Tuning (Kernbereiche der Kooperation). The expiration of the BEU-Treaty in 2010 puts the Benelux at crossroads and the three countries have to come to grips with the question of a new legal framework for their cooperation. Here, numerous aspects have to be kept in mind: the modified setup of the Belgian state, the speed of European integration, the future role of the Benelux including its core domains of cooperation, enhanced BPC, etc. In 1994, the Dutch foreign minister, Pieter Kooijmans, once said that ”the train of the European Union has taken over the truck of the Benelux” meaning that many initial Benelux domains have been exported to the European level. The Benelux have to create a new drive to take over the role they had in the early years of European integration. Therefore, five steps are necessary to tune the Benelux truck in order to ensure its outrider role. They include body tuning (new legal framework), new lacquering (visibility), GPS (political steering), additional axles (Benelux Plus) and most importantly engine tuning (core areas of cooperation).

OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Belgium 2015

Download OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Belgium 2015 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264239901
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Belgium 2015 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Belgium 2015 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-08 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review of the development co-operation efforts of Belgium examines its policies, performance and implementation. It takes an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.

The New Public Diplomacy

Download The New Public Diplomacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230554938
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The New Public Diplomacy by : J. Melissen

Download or read book The New Public Diplomacy written by J. Melissen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After 9/11, which triggered a global debate on public diplomacy, 'PD' has become an issue in most countries. This book joins the debate. Experts from different countries and from a variety of fields analyze the theory and practice of public diplomacy. They also evaluate how public diplomacy can be successfully used to support foreign policy.

Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations

Download Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000867749
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations by : Liridon Lika

Download or read book Kosovo’s Foreign Policy and Bilateral Relations written by Liridon Lika and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book analyzes Kosovo’s foreign policy and bilateral relations with the United States and several European countries. After the 1999 liberation from Serbia, Kosovo built close relations with various countries that supported it in the process of reconstruction, economic stabilization, institution-building, and state-building. From 1999 to 2008, many of these states were politically and operationally engaged in Kosovo under the leadership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). Since its independence in 2008, the Republic of Kosovo has adopted a foreign policy in accordance with its values and strategic interests, a foreign policy that aims to strengthen Kosovo’s security and foster its socio-economic prosperity in collaboration with primarily Western countries. In this volume, each chapter is dedicated to Kosovo’s bilateral relations with a selected state with which it has established diplomatic relations. The book shows that Kosovo has been able to develop and achieve strong bilateral relations with major allies and partners. It argues that Kosovo’s foreign policy aims to develop, maintain, and enhance the position of the young state on the international stage. The volume bridges various methodological and disciplinary approaches in order to present Kosovo’s foreign policy objectives and the trajectory of its relations with some of its most important international partners. This book will be of interest to students of Balkan politics, state-building, foreign policy, and International Relations.

Sub-regionalisms in the European Union: Bridge-builders or spoilers?

Download Sub-regionalisms in the European Union: Bridge-builders or spoilers? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN 13 : 383255338X
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sub-regionalisms in the European Union: Bridge-builders or spoilers? by : Anna-Lena Kirch

Download or read book Sub-regionalisms in the European Union: Bridge-builders or spoilers? written by Anna-Lena Kirch and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's interconnected, differentiated and polarized European Union, sub-regional groupings between the national and EU level are a highly relevant empirical phenomenon. Despite their importance, the interactions between sub-regionalisms and EU actors and processes remain under-researched. This book fills this large research gap by applying a systematic comparative approach. Taking into account a huge corpus of empirical data gained through expert interviews and document analysis, this study provides the conceptual and empirical groundwork necessary to better understand EU sub-regionalism. For the timeframe between 2009 and 2018, it analyses the scope of sub-regional cooperation in the Baltic, Benelux and Visegrád groupings. Moreover, it compares their respective institutional design, political identity, foreign policy as well as their external recognition by EU actors. A special focus lies on their role in six EU policy cases, including EU budget negotiations, TTIP, the drafting process of the EU Global Strategy, refugee relocation quotas, the revision of the posted workers directive and defence cooperation through PESCO. In its conclusion, this book identifies two sub-regional archetypes: functional hubs and political tools. While differing in many regards, the shared assessment finds that the overall bridge-building efforts of the Baltic, Benelux and Visegrád sub-regionalisms exceed their spoiling potential.

Minority Governance in and beyond Europe

Download Minority Governance in and beyond Europe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9004276491
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Minority Governance in and beyond Europe by : Tove H. Malloy

Download or read book Minority Governance in and beyond Europe written by Tove H. Malloy and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minority Governance in and beyond Europe offers a review of contemporary developments in minority relations. The publication addresses normative and institutional developments in a pan-European context. It tackles the theoretical and practical implications of power-sharing; the dichotomy of ‘old’ and ‘new’ minorities; human rights violations; public institutions for minority protection and abating discrimination; theoretical reflections on minority activism; political participation of minorities; justifications of minority protection; the evolution of language rights, and minorities in relation to EU law. It offers a lens that provides the reader with a clearer understanding about academic thinking and indicates where political will is needed to advance the minority rights protection regime in the future. Compiled to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the European Yearbook of Minority Issues, and offering a selection of the most important articles published in the Yearbook, this collection will be of great interest to scholars, students and policy-makers engaging in minority-related activities and interested in multiethnicity and cultural pluralism in Europe

Ten Years to Midnight

Download Ten Years to Midnight PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1523088761
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ten Years to Midnight by : Blair H. Sheppard

Download or read book Ten Years to Midnight written by Blair H. Sheppard and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Shows how humans have brought us to the brink and how humanity can find solutions. I urge people to read with humility and the daring to act.” —Harpal Singh, former Chair, Save the Children, India, and former Vice Chair, Save the Children International In conversations with people all over the world, from government officials and business leaders to taxi drivers and schoolteachers, Blair Sheppard, global leader for strategy and leadership at PwC, discovered they all had surprisingly similar concerns. In this prescient and pragmatic book, he and his team sum up these concerns in what they call the ADAPT framework: Asymmetry of wealth; Disruption wrought by the unexpected and often problematic consequences of technology; Age disparities--stresses caused by very young or very old populations in developed and emerging countries; Polarization as a symptom of the breakdown in global and national consensus; and loss of Trust in the institutions that underpin and stabilize society. These concerns are in turn precipitating four crises: a crisis of prosperity, a crisis of technology, a crisis of institutional legitimacy, and a crisis of leadership. Sheppard and his team analyze the complex roots of these crises--but they also offer solutions, albeit often seemingly counterintuitive ones. For example, in an era of globalization, we need to place a much greater emphasis on developing self-sustaining local economies. And as technology permeates our lives, we need computer scientists and engineers conversant with sociology and psychology and poets who can code. The authors argue persuasively that we have only a decade to make headway on these problems. But if we tackle them now, thoughtfully, imaginatively, creatively, and energetically, in ten years we could be looking at a dawn instead of darkness.

European Integration Beyond Brussels

Download European Integration Beyond Brussels PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030454452
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis European Integration Beyond Brussels by : Matthew Broad

Download or read book European Integration Beyond Brussels written by Matthew Broad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe is a continent whose history has, in one form or another, long been dominated by integration. And yet the European integration process is often treated as synonymous with the evolution of just one particular, and until recently geographically quite limited, Western-centred organisation: the European Union (EU). This trend obscures the multitude of ways European states have acted collectively on both sides of the Iron Curtain – and continue to do so throughout the continent today. With contributors drawn from history and political science, this book explores some of these diverse integration efforts ‘beyond Brussels’. We shine a light on international organisations, trade frameworks, and various political, social, scientific and cultural forms of unity in both Eastern and Western Europe. In so doing, the book seeks to redefine the history of the European integration process not only as a less purely EU-centric phenomenon but as a less strictly Western European one too.

Cooperation Networks and Economic Development

Download Cooperation Networks and Economic Development PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351364308
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cooperation Networks and Economic Development by : Andrés Cárdenas O ́Farrill

Download or read book Cooperation Networks and Economic Development written by Andrés Cárdenas O ́Farrill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most Western audiences, Cuba is a touristic paradise stuck in time and virtually detached from world technology networks by the US embargo – anything but a hub of industrial innovation and high value-added biotechnology. However, a closer look reveals more subtle but equally powerful stories that challenge the homogenizing assumptions of conventional economics and open up scope for more sophisticated reflections on Cuban economy and industry. From this kind of enquiry emerges the case of the internationally respected Cuban biotech industry as the most successful case of science and technology policy in the country’s economic history. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach, exploring issues such as interdependency, purpose and history as natural constituencies of the innovation process. It also examines the dynamic and crucial role played by the state in the formation of innovative business enterprises. This book will be of interest to academic researchers in the fields of innovation and economic development.