Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309297493
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements by : Leslie A. Pray

Download or read book Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements written by Leslie A. Pray and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.

Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309082587
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.

Committee on Military Nutrition Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172764
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Committee on Military Nutrition Research by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Committee on Military Nutrition Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-08-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.

Research Awards Index

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Awards Index by :

Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Caffeine and Activation Theory

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420006568
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Caffeine and Activation Theory by : Barry D. Smith

Download or read book Caffeine and Activation Theory written by Barry D. Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-10-25 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The virtually universal popularity of caffeine, together with concerns about its potential pathogenic effects, have made it one of the most extensively studied drugs in history. However, despite the massive scientific literature on this important substance, most reviews have either focused on limited areas of study or been produced in popular form

Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309101115
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.

Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Behavior and the Menstrual Cycle

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Publisher : Marcel Dekker
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavior and the Menstrual Cycle by : Richard C. Friedman

Download or read book Behavior and the Menstrual Cycle written by Richard C. Friedman and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1982 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Risk Assessment of Caffeine Among Children and Adolescents in the Nordic Countries

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Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289317310
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Assessment of Caffeine Among Children and Adolescents in the Nordic Countries by :

Download or read book Risk Assessment of Caffeine Among Children and Adolescents in the Nordic Countries written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cognitive Enhancement

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124171257
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Enhancement by : Shira Knafo

Download or read book Cognitive Enhancement written by Shira Knafo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Enhancement: Pharmacologic, Environmental and Genetic Factors addresses the gap that exists in research on the topic, gathering multidisciplinary knowledge and tools that help the reader understand the basics of cognitive enhancement. It also provides assistance in designing procedures and pharmacological approaches to further the use of novel cognitive enhancers, a field that offers potential benefit to a variety of populations, including those with neurologic and psychiatric disorders, mild aging-related cognitive impairment, and those who want to improve intellectual performance. The text builds on our knowledge of the molecular/cellular basis of cognitive function, offering the technological developments that may soon enhance cognition. Separate sections cover enhancement drugs, environmental conditions, and genetic factors in terms of both human and animal studies, including both healthy/young and aging/diseased individuals. - Provides a multidisciplinary knowledge, enabling a further understanding of cognitive enhancement - Offers coverage of the pharmacologic, environmental, and genetic factors relevant to the topic - Discusses cognitive enhancement from the perspective of both healthy and diseased or aging populations - Topics are discussed in terms of both human and animal studies

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

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Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
ISBN 13 : 0987073052
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink

Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Etiology of Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824788230
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Etiology of Parkinson's Disease by : Jonas H. Ellenberg

Download or read book Etiology of Parkinson's Disease written by Jonas H. Ellenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.

Cumulated Index Medicus

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1340 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

European Handbook of Neurological Management

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444346245
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis European Handbook of Neurological Management by : Nils Erik Gilhus

Download or read book European Handbook of Neurological Management written by Nils Erik Gilhus and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-based, peer reviewed, best practice management guidelines for neurologists Diagnosis is only part of the puzzle. Effective treatment is what your patients really want. The European Federation of Neurological Societies has been publishing management guidelines in the European Journal of Neurology for many years. Developed by a consensus approach, using graded evidence, and then fully peer reviewed, these guidelines provide gold-standard, best-practice guidance to the treatment of neurological disorders. They help bridge the gap between what is done and what should be done for patients with neurological disorders. The basic guidelines have been expanded with 'Recommendations' based on strong evidence and 'Good Practice Points' where only weaker evidence is available. The Guidelines in this volume include, amongst others: Neurostimulation therapy for neuropathic pain Molecular diagnosis for a range of neurological conditions Intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of neurological diseases Sleep disorders in neurodegenerative disorders and stroke Management of low-grade gliomas Treatment of miscellaneous idiopathic headache disorders The European Handbook of Neurological Management provides a thoroughly rounded and grounded approach to best-practice neurological management using evidence-based principles. Titles of related interest Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention, 2e Alexandrov (ed); ISBN 9781405195768 Parkinsons's Disease: Non-Motor and Non-Dopaminergic Features Olanow, Stocchi and Lang (eds); ISBN 9781405191852 Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders: Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Albanese and Jankovic (eds); ISBN 9781444333527

Environmental Neurotoxicology

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045312
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Neurotoxicology by : National Research Council

Download or read book Environmental Neurotoxicology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.

Society for Neuroscience Abstracts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1572 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Society for Neuroscience Abstracts by : Society for Neuroscience. Meeting

Download or read book Society for Neuroscience Abstracts written by Society for Neuroscience. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: